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25-18 RESOLUTION
113 West Mountain Street Fayetteville, AR 72701 (479) 575-8323 Resolution: 25-18 File Number: 2017-0703 ENERGY ACTION PLAN: A RESOLUTION TO ACCEPT AND ADOPT AN ENERGY ACTION PLAN FOR THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE WHEREAS, the City Council passed Resolution No. 45-17 on February 2, 2017, authorizing the study and development of an Energy Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the proposed Energy Action Plan was developed through consultation with expert community stakeholders, City department representatives, the Environmental Action Committee, and Fayetteville residents. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS: Section 1: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby accepts and adopts the Energy Action Plan, a copy of which is attached to this Resolution. PASSED and APPROVED on 1/2/2018 Approved: Attest: Page 1 Printed on 113118 Lioneld Jor ayor Sondra E. Smith, City Clerk Tjjk ,surwjjj f •,%% Is'T!�EAS+r�lf CF.� ��`s L• r 4IYI 4611 til'�,�A`` Page 1 Printed on 113118 City of Fayetteville, Arkansas ; 74 Text File -- File Number: 2017-0703 Agenda Date: 1/2/2018 Version: 1 In Control: City Council Meeting Agenda Number: B. 1 ENERGY ACTION PLAN: 113 West Mountain Street Fayetteville, AR 72701 (479) 575-8323 Status: Passed File Type: Resolution A RESOLUTION TO ACCEPT AND ADOPT AN ENERGY ACTION PLAN FOR THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE WHEREAS, the City Council passed Resolution No. 45-17 on February 2, 2017, authorizing the study and development of an Energy Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the proposed Energy Action Plan was developed through consultation with expert community stakeholders, City department representatives, the Environmental Action Committee, and Fayetteville residents. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS: Section 1: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby accepts and adopts the Energy Action Plan, a copy of which is attached to this Resolution. City of Fayetteville, Arkansas Page 1 Printed on 11312018 City of Fayetteville Staff Review Form 2017-0703 Legistar File ID 12/19/2017 City Council Meeting Date - Agenda Item Only N/A for Non -Agenda Item Peter Nierengarten 12/1/2017 Submitted By Submitted Date Action Recommendation: Sustainability & Resilience / Chief of Staff Division / Department Staff recommends approving a resolution adopting the Energy Action Plan developed by City staff with stakeholder and public input. Budget Impact: Account Number Fund Project Number Project Title Budgeted Item? NA Current Budget $ Funds Obligated $ - Current Balance $ - J Does item have a cost? NA Item Cost Budget Adjustment Attached? NA Budget Adjustment Remaining Budget $ - Previous Ordinance or Resolution # 45-17 V20140710 Original Contract Number: Approval Date: Comments: CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE r{� ARKANSAS MEETING OF DECEMBER 19, 2017 TO: City Council CC: Mayor Lioneld Jordan Don Marr, Chief of Staff FROM: Peter Nierengarten, Director of Sustainability DATE: December 1, 2017 SUBJECT: Energy Action Plan CITY COUNCIL MEMO RECOMMENDATION: Staff recommends approving a resolution adopting the Energy Action Plan developed by City staff with stakeholder and public input. BACKGROUND: The Fayetteville City Council passed Resolution 45-17 expressing support for the study and development an Energy Action Plan on February 2, 2017. As part of that resolution, Sustainability and Resilience staff committed to working across all City departments and divisions and throughout the community to develop an energy action plan that addresses energy conservation, efficiency and clean energy for Fayetteville. Following through with that commitment, City staff consulted and met with expert community stakeholders from a variety of professions to brainstorm and detail the elements to be included in the Energy Action Plan. Additionally, city staff met with department representatives from across the city including: Transportation, Fleet, Engineering, Planning, Community Resources, Communications, Accounting, Purchasing, Parks & Recreation, and Urban Forestry. Staff also met with the Environmental Action Committee and held multiple public input sessions to gather community input. Feedback and input from stakeholders, city departments, and community members was collected and integrated into the plan with a focus on aligning input and needs with the overarching goal of carbon emissions reduction. DISCUSSION: Vision: The vision of this Energy Action Plan is to create a framework and energize action around the City's efforts to be a resource and energy efficient community. Specifically, this plan aims to: • Incentivize and encourage energy efficient homes and businesses, • Works towards energy independence, • Promote a culture of innovation, • Improve public health, • Advocate for clean air, water and soil, Mailing Address: 113 W. Mountain Street www.fayetteville-ar.gov Fayetteville, AR 72701 • Encourage resilient local businesses, • Promote a collective understanding of climate change, and • Leave a legacy of stewardship. Scope of Work and Plan Goals: The identified scope of work for the Energy Action Plans was to assess current conditions, set goals for improvement and provide a detailed implementation plan to achieve a more energy and resource efficient future in four major scope areas: transportation, energy supply and delivery, building efficiency, and waste reduction/recycling. A number of cross -sector goals were also included. The goals are summarized as follows: Transportation Goals: • Reduce per capita vehicle miles traveled to 2010 levels by 2030 • Achieve a 25% bike/walk/transit mode share by 2030 Energy Supply Goals: • Achieve 100% local government clean energy by 2030 • Achieve 50% community -wide clean energy by 2030 • Achieve 100% community -wide clean energy by 2050 Buildings Goals: • Complete periodic feasibility analysis of building energy code updates • Achieve 3% annual reduction in overall energy usage in buildings • Improve the health, distribution, coverage and effectiveness of Fayetteville's urban forest Waste Goals: • Achieve 40% total waste diversion from the landfill by 2027 Cross -sector Goals: • Reduce average housing and transportation costs to 45% of area median income • Develop and expand Fayetteville's reputation as a hub for socially and economically responsible business development, entrepreneurship, and green jobs • Build local support for national carbon emission reduction and carbon capture strategies By tracking and addressing the in -scope areas of the plan, Fayetteville will strive to achieve a community -wide reduction in greenhouse gases (GHG). The plans' community level goal is for a 40% reduction in GHG over the 2010 baseline year by 2030, and an 80% reduction in GHG over the 2010 baseline by the year 2050. Benefits: There are innumerable community benefits for adopting and implementing this energy action plan; these benefits may be best viewed through the three -layered sustainability lens of economic, environmental and social stewardship. The specific implementation strategies identified in Chapter 3 of the Energy Action Plan are tied directly back to these broadly defined benefits: Economic benefits identified in the plan include: job growth and industry development in clean energy production, improved economic resilience through energy independence, reduced vulnerability to global energy market shifts, financial savings for residents and business owners thanks to energy efficiency upgrades, and financial savings from reduced fuel and maintenance costs thanks to reducing vehicle miles traveled in automobiles. Social benefits including reduced energy cost burdens on low-income or at risk populations thanks to energy efficiency upgrades, improved public health outcomes thanks to air and water quality improvements and a robust active transportation networks, and more equitable access to green spaces. Environmental benefits of proactively advancing clean energy, energy efficiency, alternative transportation, and increased recycling are realized locally, regionally, nationally, and globally. These may include: less air and water pollution due to clean and renewable energy, less air pollution due to reductions in vehicle miles traveled and increased active transportation usage, improved habitats for local pollinators and other wildlife, and less raw material mining and extraction due to recycling efforts. BUDGET/STAFF IMPACT: As with all City of Fayetteville policies and programs, many of the specific actions in the plan will have a cost to implement and may have necessary budgetary impacts. 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E E E E E E E E � '� \ .j § ƒ§ 7 \ » ƒ 4-- u o 2 / E 2 k E 2 E 41 k U ° 2 7 �r-ru m u - $ %Ln n .g $ / u 'E 0) G \ 0 ƒ vv)) a & 4 o o Ln= b E a .g E .0 § ? $ k o -0 Ln ? & � 3 § V)4.1 2 $ o u k� /A k� §2 $ ° c E g.g 3 n e ® $ o e e o u k \ -C � f / $ / ® K u Q) a \ u E § , v +- % •§ % M e k . k o ± •2 2 ® E ._ M c \ 7\§ x\ § E 2 2 3 4 o Ln 2 2 LA w c 3 u .g Ln 0 0) J 7 @ & e 7 LU w w k a 141 Jo <r, El. 113 West Mountain Street Fayetteville, AR 72701 (479) 575-8323 Resolution: 45-17 File Number: 2017-0033 2017 ENERGY ACTION PLAN: A RESOLUTION TO EXPRESS THE CITY COUNCIL'S SUPPORT FOR THE STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENERGY ACTION PLAN IN 2017 BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS: Section 1: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby expresses its support for the study and development of an Energy Action Plan in 2017. PASSED and APPROVED on 2/7/2017 Attest: " &. &(11);11'a.& Sondra E. Smith„ City Clerk 'Ct}sU,1/r J �'''�4, of S/- V rR �pY1;+ }M Page 1 Printed an 218117 City of Fayetteville, Arkansas �r �v 1 �"' Text File File Number: 2017-0033 Agenda Date: 2/7/2017 Version: 1 In Control: City Council Meeting Agenda Number: C. 2 2017 ENERGY ACTION PLAN: 113 West Mountain Street Fayetteville, AR 72701 (479) 575-6323 Status: Passed File Type: Resolution A RESOLUTION TO EXPRESS THE CITY COUNCIL'S SUPPORT FOR THE STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENERGY ACTION PLAN IN 2017 BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS: Section I.: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby expresses its support for the study and development of an Energy Action Plan in 2017. City of Fayetteville, Arkansas Page 1 Printed on 2/0/2017 Leif Olson Submitted By City of Fayetteville Staff Review Form 2017-0033 Legistar .File ID 2./7/2017 City Council Meeting Date - Agenda Item Only N/A for Non -Agenda Item 1/18/2017 Submitted Date Action Recommendation: Sustainability & Resilience / Chief of Staff Division / Department Staff requests City Council support for the study and development of an Energy Action Plan in 2017, Budget Impact: Account Number Fund Project Number Project Title - Budgeted Item? NA Current Budget $ Funds Obligated $ Current Balance Does item have a cost? NA Item Cost Budget Adjustment Attached? NA Budget Adjustment Remaining Budget w V20140710 Previous Ordinance or Resolution ri Original Contract Number: Approval Date: Comments: CITY OF s CITY COUNCIL AGENDA MEMO Ta%y ARKANSAS MEETING OF FEBRUARY 7, 2017 TO: Mayor and City Council THRU: Don Marr, Chief of Staff Peter Nierengarten, Sustainability and Parking Director FROM: Leif Olson, Associate Planner DATE: January 13, 2017 SUBJECT: Energy Action Plan RECOMMENDATION: Staff requests City Council support for the study and development of an Energy Action Plan in 2017. BACKGROUND: Most of the energy currently consumed in Fayetteville for transportation and to power buildings is generated through the burning of fossil fuels. Energy efficiency and alternative energy investments represent an opportunity to reduce reliance on non-renewable fuels while creating additional economic opportunities for Fayetteville. The design and construction of new green buildings and energy efficient retrofits of existing building can create many new jobs in the architecture, engineering and construction fields. At the same time, energy savings from green buildings will translate into lower overhead energy costs for residents and businesses. Investments in active and alternative transportation modes can reduce vehicular congestion, gasoline usage and air pollution. Results of the recently completed Community Perception Survey indicate that 78% of Fayetteville residents either agree or strongly agree that the City of Fayetteville should prioritize renewable energy and energy efficiency policies and programs. Additionally, 62% of residents agree or strongly agree that the City of Fayetteville should prioritize climate change preparedness. DISCUSSION: Fayetteville achieved the status of a 3 star community by the Sustainable Tools for Rating and Accessing Communities (STAR). The STAR rating system evaluation measures collectively define community scale sustainability, and present a vision of how communities can become more healthy, inclusive and prosperous across seven goal areas. The STAR goals and objectives allow local governments and their communities to more effectively strategize and prioritize their sustainability planning efforts. Mailing Address: 113 W. Mountain Street www.fayetteville-ar.gov Fayetteville, AR 72701 One of the seven goal areas in STAR is titled "Climate and Energy" and it provides a framework for communities to develop an energy action plan that reduces climate impacts and increases resource efficiency in order to create safer, healthier, and more resilient communities. Objectives under this goal are focused on incremental increases in resource efficiency. These objectives provide an outline of outcomes and actions utilized to develop an energy action plan, including: • CE-2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation. Achieve greenhouse gas emissions reductions throughout the community. • CE-3: Greening the Energy Supply. Transition the local energy supply for both transportation and non-mobile sources toward renewable, less carbon-intensive, and less toxic alternatives. • CE-4: Energy Efficiency. Minimize energy use and demand in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors as a means to increase energy efficiency in the community. • CE-6: Local Government Greenhouse Gas and Resource Footprint. Lead by example by reducing local government greenhouse gas emissions and minimizing energy and water use in local government facilities and specified local infrastructure. Sustainability Department staff propose to work across all departments and divisions of the City and throughout the community to develop an energy action plan that addresses energy conservation, efficiency and renewable forms of energy for transportation and buildings. Staff will utilize the STAR framework to identify policies, programs and projects that advance the City's energy conservation and efficiency goals. BUDGET/STAFF IMPACT: The Sustainability and Resilience Department anticipates utilizing existing staff resources to complete this project during 2017. Attachments: STAR Technical Guide: Climate and Energy Section Reduce dimate impacts through adaptation and mitigation efforts and increase resource efficiency The 7 objectives in STAR's Climate & Energy Goal Area aim to reduce climate impacts and increase resource efficiency in order to create safer, healthier, and more resilient communities. CE -1: Climate Adaptation and CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation are critical to achieving reductions in harmful climate impacts and promoting resource savings through decreased energy, water, and materials use. Most of the objectives in Climate & Energy focus on achieving incremental increases in resource efficiency. CE -4; Energy Efficiency and CE -S: Water Efficiency encourage communities to reduce energy use over time in buildings and water consumption per capita. CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Efficiency offers local governments an opportunity to describe how their internal efforts demonstrate their leadership in this Goal Area, CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply complements the other objectives in the Goal Area by addressing the alternative energy sources forthe transportation and the community's electrical power supply. Finally, through its ambitious waste reduction targets, CE -7: Waste Minimization rewards communities for efforts to reduce, reuse, and recycle materials. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -Climate & Energy Version 2.0 90 i' C E- I Climate Adaptation: Strengthen the resilience of communities to 15 climate change impacts on built, natural, economic, health, and social systems CE -2 Greenhouse Gas Mitigation: Achieve greenhouse gas emissions I5 reductions throughout the community Greening the Energy Supply: Transition the local energy supply for CE -3 both transportation and non mobile sources tovvord the use or renewable, 15 less carbon -intensive, and iess toxic alternatives Energy Efficiency: Minimize ener{av use and rlermrnd in the residential, CE -4 commercial, and industrial se;;ctors c s a means to increase energy e>idency 15 in the community Water Efficiency: Minimize water use and demand as a means to 10 CE -5 conserve water in the community Local Government GHG & Resource Efficiency: Lead by CE -6 examble by reducing local government greenhouse gas ernissions and 15 minimizing energy and water use in, local government facilities and specified local infrastructure Waste Minimization: Reduce and reuse material waste produced in 15 CE -7 the community Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -Climate & Energy Version 2.0 90 CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation S available points Achicve roenhouse gas emissions reductions throughout the community Greenhouse gases (GHGs) absorb infrared radiation produced by the sun and trap heat in the atmosphere. There are 6 types of greenhouse gases: water vapor (HZO), carbon dioxide (CO, , methane (CH,), nitrous oxide (NO), ozone (03), and fluorinated gases. A balance between the sources, or emissions of GHGs from human activities and natural syssteps, and sinks, or processes that remove GHGs by chemical conversion, determines the concentration of these gases in the atmosphere. High concentrations over time lead to increases in global temperature that alter the Earth's climate patterns. This is known as the greenhouse effect. According to the the Earth's average temperature has risen by 1.5°F over the past century and is projected to rise another 0.5 to 8.6°f= over the next hundred years. The GHGs most closely associated with human activities are carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases. Global warming and the greenhouse effect ��`.+; Refleotad back to spy^_a hfooming � RE'.radiatod solar radiation out to space Ahunbs'd by 00 atn5o%pburs �Itraehllii . a Roil fudiatad AF'Nc- l'on. su'40C9 fir-ear,6i;itru lmtk 9M 411/1509 [`efts .41tYWe0r�rr�, It is _ that carbon dioxide makes up over 80% of the total GHGs emitted in the U.S. 1 he rnain sources of GHG emissions are corn—bustion of fossii fuels, agricultural and industrial practices, and decay of organic waste, Sinks include natural processes: such as trees that absorb carbon dioxide and methane - consuming bacteria, and engineered solutions, such as geological storage and reforestation. he _ identifies CHG emission sources by 6 main sectors; • stationary energy, such as that ii-om buildings and rnanufaciuring; • transporta for , includling on -road, railways, and aviation; • waste; • indrstr'ial processes .nd procILICI i2se: + agriculture, forestry, and ether land use; rind • other emissions occurring outside Lhe jurisdiction, but as a result of its activities. Greenhouse gas emissions are a global issue as the concentration or mix of these gases are evenly distributed Lhroughout the Earth's atmosphere, However, local governments can impart the sources and sinks within their jurisdictions. Actions to expand alternative modes of transportation, improve energy efficiency, eliminate waste, and increase vegetation lead to a reduction of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and will also provide other benefts to the commi_inity. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating Systern CF 2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Version 2,0 100 n CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Applicants submitting for this objective must consider communitywide GHG emissions. For local government -based GHG emissions, see CE -6: Local Government GHG and Resource Footprint. Community Level Outcomes 100% of points available through Outcomes L. Ir;Ci e,T F".al i.3€ gib,.Ss arwhleilfilg 3 TC.'cal.i .Li£i--=rl by '04wr"C" by X050 in co iii rri.i r i t `: id gi".. e!1!10: e g"_i (GH G, :.I`Fa;•r;.i.:t> The Kyoto Protocol development process established the long-term target of reducing by 80`/'c the GHG emissions of all industrialized countries by 2050. Although'the U.S, was not a participant in the Kyoto Protocol, over 1,000 mayors across the U.S, were signatories to the U.St Conference of Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement, committing to meet or exceed the Kyoto targets. While a potentially more aggressive target, its long term nature did not lead to the immediate actions necessary to rcr'uce ;HL, erniss ons, In 2015, leaders and delegates from 195 world nations formulated a global agreement on the reduction of climate change at the 2.015 Paris Climate Conference, The final agreement outlines various measures -that need to be implemented to limit the rise in average global temperature to well below 2°C, ideally at below i.5°C. At the summit, the ;.` :;.:..r.: ,r:c to reducing its greenhouse gas emission by up to 28% below 2005 levels by 2025. Therefore, STAR adopts a dual target of 28% reduction below 2005 levels by 2025 and 80% below 2000 levels by 2050. Communities that can demonstrate incremental progress toward I or both of these targets will receive credit, Ideally, the data collection interval for greenhouse gas inventories should be between 1 and 5 years. The closer to the target year that the baseline year is, the greater percent or reductions the applicant will need to demonstrate, as shown in the table below: BaselineYears to Reduction Years to Reduction per Year 2025 per_year 2050 year 2000 25 1.12% 50 1.60% 2005 20 1.40% 45 1.78% 2010 15 1.87% 40 2.00% .?: ;rr;; ��;_• z c' 'C ; J i' <1`1`' l Coca `:;c e ,: ( s> -ms: AR rf;i_iimr...iF _5 f G.' l : i _it c f ed :I Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Version 2.,0 101 CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation It using the GPC, the applicant must report at a minimum those sources contained within the ''Basic'' reporting framework. If using USCF, the applicant must report at a. rnin:.ii-num the "5 Basic Emissions Generating Activities'' that are common to all communities, The minimum standards from each protocol are nearly identical. The primary differences are that the USCP does not require cross -boundary sources, such as transportation, to be separated by jurisdictional boundary. However, it does require an assessment of energy used in the delivery of potable water. Bonus credit is available for reporting on non -required emission sources, such as upstream emissions associated with use of fuels and materials or a full consumption -based inventory. Applicants may receive partial credit for reductions that are not directly on track to achieve the target reduction. See Points Appendix for information regarding points awarded for partial credit. For verification, provide the most recent measure of communitywide greenhouse gas emissions and upload a completed STAR -provided Fxcel spreadsheet demonstrating that the thresholds have been met. Note that the methodology for this outcome is similar to CE -6: Local Government CHIC] & Resource Footprint, Outcome 1: Local Government Greenhouse Gas Emissions. However, this outcome requires assessment of communjtMide sources rather than local government. Local Actions 70% of points available through Actions Regular tracking of GING emissions via a recognized protocol is important for demonstrating progress. Most commurrties that conduct inventories analyze their status in 1, {, or 5 -year increments and include required emissions as described in the GPC and USCP protocols, More advanced efforts also include additional emissions, such as waste -related sources and are verified by a third -party to ensure data is complete, credible, and accurate. For credit, the applicant must demonstrate that a communitywide GHG inventory has been conducted at least every 5 years and includes"at least GPC's 'Basic" reporting requir-emcnts or USPC's "5 Basic Emissions Generating Activities," Note if inventory includes additional emissions and/or was verified by a third -party. For verification, provide the title; year published; a link to or copy of the study: and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. I echnical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Version 2,0 102 F CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation A climate action plan establishes the community's strategies and recommendations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Examples of local climate action plans by state are available on the EPA's For credit, the climate action pian must address communitywide impacts, not just local government operations. Broader plans, such as a sustainability plan or general plan, may be acceptable provided that they specifically address GHG emissions and mitigation strategies at the community scale. For verification, provide the plan title; year adopted; a link to or copy of the plan; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. This action.calls for communities to establish a local target for GHG emissions reductions by code, ordinance, or execuWe order, and demonstrate its broad application to communitywide planning, projects, and programs. Local governments are taking action by adopting policies and regulations to reduce GHG emissions. In 2014, the ' _:c: ::: ^"::: was launched at the United Nations Climate Summit. It is the world's largest coalition of city leaders addressing climate change by making pledges to reduce their GHG emissions, track progress, and prepare for the impacts of climate change, Participating communities arc asked to make a formal commitment, conduct an inventory of local emissions, establish a target for reduction, develop an implementation plan, and track progress, In the United States, 124 communities have made the commitment to participate in the Compact of Mayors. STAR applicants are encouraged, but not required, to be participants in the Compact of Mayors, For verification, provide the title; year adopted; a link -to or copy or the policy or code; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CF -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Version 2.0 03 I CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation a sA) <i, .. . ea_. , U.) "JI <:. d GHG and climate policies require broad public support to be most effective. Raising local awareness, providing educational resources, and inspiring action through leadership are all ways to engage the community, For example, Fort Collins, CO educates local businesses about GHG and climate impacts through the Free, voluntary i program. For credit, education and outreach activities must directly reference detailed GHG mitigation strategies, not just energy efficiency or rene%/vable energy. For verification, provide a brief description of -how your education and outreach campaign meets the intent of this action. Submittal must include a series of efforts designed to inform the public about the issue. If applicable, provide a link to or upload supporting materials. - aP )d l 1. CM:. . •.I�' u�: "JCIr1ykIS'oifiY .i'' . i..: -i Frl �...�. .�:f ..:. rE:: I1' u:. S_ it-ial �.,_t nn go :� f�., ,j'„ a _e , - �f; n r• - 1 oral gOt €'nl :cr el.r .^r'srl :'e W _ k i u In ::fie, d:.:"i<'Or'i I"ldI<II pi-oc ''.PP':;inbr'i1? rep!' entativ�s frolil u li%fv;"'.:it.S 1i1 '. a t -if' 't�7 ...,j. ?ad. .. iY" iD5 .,..dCr�St ?: end ivn7rDItTn€Za iC':5 Eer.7 ForoxarT 'ucso a;.. :Will, ou":.. `' rrr" Plly eFt b ish—d s D;`,,":.:'.._ CO irty, t -I_ ado d l rest:iu ion esta";-shim? ...:'I:. For verification, provide the name of the group; year established; a link to or documentation of their work; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. Partnerships and Collaboration must be active at the time of submittal and be issue -focused, not special project -based. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CF -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Version 2.0 104 CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation :sl�iy''XE fr j. . F;'_)t i:f:.it, i'"< and unintended ped €, .`les 0 "' 1 a.f i ti ups ti t al ri Ili i! ii; ni Some of the more popular actions to mitigate community vide GHG emissions relate to increasing energy efficiency, investing in renewable energy, or purchasing an alternative fuel ve: tele. However, these types of actions may not be affordable to all homeowners or riot accessible to rcnterr. Low inccarne arid/or fixed income households, including families and the elderly, often face high energy bills in proportion to their income and the prospect of defaulting on utility bills. Evaluating the impact of initiatives or activities on diverse populations can improve program delivery and participation rates. For verification, provide the name of the practice improvement; a link to or copy of the annual report, if applicable; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is rnet. 11. - . ,IiLIPP4 ,' ,i ,r. . . r, p . Distributed generation refers to power generation at the point of consumption. Generating power on or near- the site, rather than centrally, eliminates the cost, complexity, and inefficiencies associated with energy transmission and distribution. Types of distributed generation technologies are generally site-specific or contained within a district. Fxamples include wind turbines (single or- array), geothermal, Photovoltaic panels (single or- array), or combined heat power (CHP) plants. Some common incentives that can be offered to consumers include: • streamlined or expedited permitting procedures; • waived permit fees; identification of approved installers; • creation of a rebate or educate community members of the existing statewide incentives; and/or • creation of tax credit systems to incentivize low carbon infrastructure. For verification, provide the name of the enforcement or incentive; the year created; a link to or copy of the incentives) and/or enforcements); and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CC -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Version 2.0 los CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation 0.. For credit, the applicant must have an adopted climate action plan (Action 2) that specifies actions related to alternative modes of transportation and low -emissions vehicles. At least 2 actions must have been implemented within the past 3 years or, if more than 3 years ago, the action must be ongoing. For example, a public bike share program that was started 10 years ago must still be in operation for credit. In addition, actions cannot be in a planning phase. For verification, provide the program name; year created; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. [€ iplCrflE r1(: C:ltl;; progt'ims, )nd servic0s .iz :TOI u "!.cNp f' 451":.: (3. ii i?.Y. ''!.°LfCF? M'MO` in 'lh C:C?ril'€iil.lrilf:y . For credit, the applicant must have an adopted climate action plan (Action 2) that specifies actions related to reducing waste in the community, At least 2 actions must have been implemented M..hin the past 3 years or, if more than 3 years ago, the action must be- ongoing. For example, a curbside recycling program that was started 5 years ago must still be in operation for credit. In addition, lctions cannot be:n a planning phase. For verification, provide the program name; year created; and a brier description of how the intent of this action is met. The vat )% of [vanston's Strategic plan indude...:, objectrv(.'.;i to op tlrri r ureal resource_ sustainabiy, and to promote energy P`rl: ent and nc rl ai;t.or l0`:rVe .ransPort S`>%S Crn-i, Fhc ' -- a result of these goals, ol;ts fort rTleaSlli'eS t: n1cgratr_ grterinOu gas ern1;;SionS and e- cfriciericy into many future decisions. In Baltimore, guidelines were adopted to incorporate inrormation about energy savings and GHG emission reductions into the CIP and the Site Plan Review process. The City Energy Office and Ci'iy Sustainability Office both participate in CIP training for all agencies and Provide information on incorporating energy and GHG emission savings into thein protects. The City Energy Office has also adopted an Energy Policy that contains GHG emission reduction goals and strategies; the policy ensures achievement of those goals when designing new projects at energy intense sites within the Department of Public Works and Department of General Services. Ali of these policies and practices advance greenhouse gas emissions reductions for the City. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -2; Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Version 2,0 106 n CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation 'VamAl—a, `" and . ortLa W4, , `' are featured in Measuring Up 2015: How Local Leadership Can Accelerate National Climate Goals, a by ICLEI and the World Wildlife Fund. The report "analyzes data from 116 US cities representing more than 14 percent of the US population, ... and demonstrates how local governments can cul greenhouse gas emissions, reduce climate threats, and achieve multiple community goals like lower energy costs, better air quality, improved health, and enhanced economic development." describes best practices for large- and The U,S. Conference of Mayors' small-scale local governments from 2007, 2008, and 2009, Examples of->s!:include: Denver, CO's FasTracks program, which uses sales tax to help fund a 12 -year expansion ofthe transit system and Columbia, MO's Biogas Energy Plant which converts solid waste into electricity. The U.S. EPA provides many.. and guidance on spezific actions communities can take to reduce GHG emissions. C410 Cites s a resoor(e {olI.° i':li c, a arid it fo'r t!c; 8ott ICLEI USA's d tr.c Natural Capitalism Institute's t3P cvicJc resc+_ r c s ' :;r cr •atin, _ind implementing a climate ac:tioi } i:;l ii Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -2: Greenhouse Gas (`litigation Version 2.0 107 CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply 15 available points Transition the local energy supply for both transportation and non-mobile sources toward renewable, less carbon -intensive, and less toxic alternatives Community Level Outcomes 70% of points available through Outcomes According to EPA's motor vehicles account for nearly 50% of volatile organic. compounds (VOCs), more than 50% of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, and about 50% of the toxic air pollutant emissions in the U.S. Motor vehicles, including non -road vehicles such as recreational vehicles and la,•.vn and parden equipment are also responsible for 75% of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions nationwide. Alternative Fuel vehicles can reduce emissions of harry -Ful pollutants including carbon dioxide (COz), the primary contributor to climate change. Additionally, most alternative fuels are produced domestically, which strengthens the U.S. economy, improves energy security, and helps offset the cost of imported oi'. AlLeriiahve. fuels are transportation fuels other- than gasoline and diesel, including biodiesel, compressed naCt_iral gas, electricity, ethanol, hydrogen, liquefied natural gas, and propane: Not all alternative Fuels are equal in their direct impact on the environment, 1 he "greenest" option is to not drive a vehicle at all: f he next best alternative a to drive a zero emission vehicle, such as an electric- vehicle. Afterthat, alternative fuels such as Uodiesel, compressed natural gas, ethanol, hydrogen, iique ed natural gas, and propane still contribute emissions, but not as substantially as gasoline and diesel While the best data for measuring alternative Fuel vehicles would be registration data collected by 'the local Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), this can be difficult to obtain. Either the DMVs do not code for a1:emalive fuel vehicles or the way the data is gathered for only newly registered vehicles leads tc uncertainty regarding the actual number of vehicles in a community. Additionally, DMV data does not account. for cars rr gistered outside of the urisdiclion that clay utilize many of the community's services. Therefore. STAR rises the number offueling stations as a proxy measurement for estimating [he concentration of alternative fuel vehicles In a comr-nunity. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply Version 2.0 11108 CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply For credit in Option A, the number of public and private EV stations must meet or exceed 1.07 per 10,000 residents. This is based on an analysis of 2014 data from the Department of Energy where the Top 25% of communities reported met or exceeded this threshold. Data for public and private EV charging stations is available from the Department of Energy's -1. (AFDC). Follow the directions below: I Click the Station Locator tool under the Tools section. 2. Beneath the map, click Download Data. Complete the form with the following selections, a. Dataset: Alternative fuel stations b. File Format: CSV (opens in Excel) c. Fuel type: Electric d. Access: All e. Status: Open 3. Enter contact information and indicate agreement with terms and conditions. An Excel file with all EV charging stations will download. 4. Convert the spreadsheet to a table by selecting cell A I and then Insert > `fable. 5. City applicants should filter by the State and then City columns. Alternatively, cities rnay elect to use ZIP Codes that are all or partially within the cornnlunity. County applicants will need to use the ZIP Code to filter the data. 6. Next, count each EV station identified and enter this information in the STA? -provided Excel spreadsheet, 7, Also, in the STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet, enter the population of the jurisdic-Lon from the. most recent year available. For verification in Option A, provide the number of public and private EV stations, the number per 10,000 residents, and the STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet Applicants not meeting the threshold for Option A may receive par -tial credit in Option B. For credit. in Oetion B. the applicant must show that the number of private and public Alternative Fuel Stations rneets or, exceeds 1.52 per 10,000 residents. This is based on an analysis of 2014 data from the Department of Energy where the Top 25% of communities reported met or exceeded this threshold. Data for this measure is available from the Department of Energy's (AFDC). Follow the directions below: 1. Click the Station Locator tool under fhe Tools section. Beneath the map, click Download Data. Complete the form with the following selections: a. Dataset: Alternative fuel stations b. Filc formal CSV (opens in Excel) c. Fuel -type: All d. Access: All e. Status: Open 2. Enter contact information and indicate agreement with terms and conditions An Excel file with all alternative fueling stations will download. 3. Convert the spreadsheet'to a table by selecting cell A I and then Insert > Table. 4. City applicants should filter by the State and then City columns. Alternatively, cities may elect to use ZIP Codes that are all or partially within the community, County applicants will need to use Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System LE 3: Greening the Energy Supply Version 2.0 109 GE -3t Greening the Energy Supply the LIP Code to filter the data. 5. Next, sort by the Fuel Type Code column. 6. Count each station identified by its Fuel Type Code and enter this information in the STAR - provided Excel spreadsheet. Also, in the STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet, enter the population of the jurisdiction from the most recent year available. For verification in Option B, provide the number- of stations by fuel Type, the number per 10,000 residents, and the STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet Because the greenest form of transportation is to either not is ive or not drive alone, bonus points are- available reavailable. for- applicants demonstrating a Drive Alone Rate of 60% or less. To find data on the jurisdiction's drive alone rate, see BE -7: Transportation: Choices, Outcome 1. See the Points Appendix for information regarding points awarded for bonus credit. According, to EPA electricity from the combustion or fossil flools, such i as coal, oil, and natural gas, is responsible forapproximaiely 40% of CO, emissions and 33% of total GHG emissions in the United States.. FP,^, also explains t -..at post -Industrial Revolution emissions producing human activities have contributed substantially to climate change by adding CO, and other heat -trapping gases to the atmosphere. Combustion d fossil fuels to generate electricity contributes to air pollution and higher- rates of water consumption compared to renewable energy sources. For the purposes of S i AR, rc: newat. le energy facilities are defined Lt,'; hose that use biomass, solar thermal, photovoltadc, wind, geothermal, fuel cells using renewable fuels, srr::ai1 hydroelectric generation of 30 megawatts ol less, hydroelectric that. Is 1h rel -party certified low impact, digester gas, solid waste conversion, landfill gas, ocean waves, ocean therrnal, or tidal currents to produce electricity. /lcco ding to the.reracwable energy sources represented roughly 9% of non -vehicular U.S. energy consumption in 201 1. To successfully address .climate change and achieve energy independence, the U.S. must drastically ina ease use of rent n�able enemy based electricity, For full credit in Option A, applicants must demonstrate that the electric Wilit:es serving the community are generating 50% or more of their overall elec. ricil.v from renewable energy sources. Hydroelectric generation ' ac. ` ot grealter, than 30 nic abbatls are al obved if they ::are certified by U Ie at the time of submittal. STAR will accept renewable energy credits (Rj Cs) as part- of the total as long as cYcy are Non -grid renewable energy, such as landfill gas or solid waste conversion, rn•-.y be added to the utility values. Graduated partial credit is available starting with a minimum of 2% renewables. See the Points Appendix for information regarding partial -credit. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System OF 3: Greening the Energy Supply Version 2.0 0 CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply For full credit in Option B, applicants must submit their electric utility's documented compliance with a state - based Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) of 50% or more. The RPS may be less than 50%. but points awarded will be scaled to the appropriate graduated partial credit with a minimum of 2% renewables. Applicants must also document the portions of renewable energy by source type. If an electric utility exceeds their RPS obligation, applicants should consider submitting under Option A. Non -grid renewable energy may not be added in Option B. For verification, applicants must provide the percentage of overall electricity supplied to the community that is generated by renewable energy sources, and upload a completed STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet showing the percentage of overall electricity provided by each renewable source. Local Actions 70% of points available through Actions Although applicants may submit a stand-alone energy supply plan, STAR recognizes that many communities include energy supply planning in their climate action plans. Applicants can therefore submit a section's) of a communitywide plan that addresses both alternative fuels in transportation and renewable energy sources, Submissions should include an inventory of information about vehicles in the community as well as the renewable portfolio standard (RPS) for the local or regional utility. For verification, provide the plan title; year adopted; a link to or copy of the plan; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. lIIR ... i. 1�1. {�.• - .r.. lhl , 1 ..� � r,, .+'i:: � �•"� !tt'i �. , "fit-.• Zvi' t, iqc jur sdictions ani' utll ties may offer prog 'arvS _hay cllow r s,denis to C re`SE.i:.it Ces 'ol ,'wi ancln? i cY:gy options n the comm--n-ity'. O!ten these OON YYIS ;1I""e01U.Mitary 0: , 'Ovide an tJ ;tion to ' Ot participate. THSaCti()Y`: IS id nt.:'Ied %S ? pOI C; rather t":an a prograrn tiCCa" Sc t r'equ r'e eYlaf:)?!ng IFS�iS atiOn and structured g.Aldarlc(� "or !Yn iemer atlol 1. There are 2 main types of programs: • Community choice aggregation (CCA) allows cities and counties to combine the buying power of individual customers within their jurisdiction to purchase alternative energy supplies. Policies to allow CCAs are approved at a state level, but local governments must adopt and operate a program locally, Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply Version 2.0 1 1 1 Cir -3t Greening the Energy Supply • Community shared solar or wind programs allow residents to buy or lease a portion of a shared alternative energy system. The share of electricity generated is credited to the customer as if the system was installed on their- property. Policies for community shared alternative energy may be enacted by state governments, local governments, or utilities, If achievement is based on a state policy, applicants must show that residents within the jurisdiction are participating. For verification, provide the title; year adopted; a link to or copy of the policy or code; and a brief description of hove the intent of this action is met. Because many zoning regulations predate the current market interest in renewable energy systems and alternative fueling stations, there are often unintentional restrictions or limitations to the development. Regulations may account for public safety, scientific evidence, and neighboring concerns, but must provide a defined and reasonable se. of requirements for permitting. The American Planning Association's Info Packet on LL. %o is a good resource fOr reviewing and revising codes. For credit, describe hong regulatory restrictions have been deliberately removed or avoided to allow for residential and small business renewable energy installations or alternative fueling stations. For verif ca tion, provide the title; year adopted; a link to or copy of the policy or code; and a brief description of how the intent of this ad `ion is met. Local partnerships can help transportation stakeholders evaluate options and achieve goals around alternative fuels. Fleet managers from local governments and businesses benefit from discussions and presentations on best practices, innovative technologies, and related opportunities. For exaFrr le, ..; .:... onaily based entities that involve a pr.rblic-private-irtnership to elevate alterv:ative. Fuel options i n communities. Wl:h support. from, the U.S. Departmcnl- of Fnergy, :hese coal ions hos: n educatioand outreach events and advocate for fuel efficiency improvernents and idle redurtior eforts, _ - _ is an initiative championed by Florida Power and Light to erco n -age I_ t re imolerner a— on of electric transr)ortat on, Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CF -3: Greening the Energy Supply Version 2.0 112 n 11 CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply For verification, provide the name of the group; year established; a link to or documentation of their work; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. Partnerships and Collaboration must be active at the time of submittal and be issue -focused, not special project -based, This action awards communities that have achieved recognition for laying -the foundation for -the adoption of solar energy al -}d electric vehicles in the jurisdiction. Designations may be received from a national campaign, such as " r;- or regional effort, such as the Mid-America Regional Council's ? For verification, provide the name of the practice improvement; a link to or copy of the annual report, if applicable; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met, Building consumer demand is critical to helping a community transition to renewable energy. incentives are a great way to encourage resider is and businesses to incorporate innovative energy strategies, such as small- scale solar or wind projects, into their buildings and sites. For credit, -the applicant roust identify 3 of the following incentive options that are active locally; • streamlined or expedited permitting procedures; • permit fee waivers or reductions; • identification of approved installers; • local government or utility financial rebates; • local education efforts related to state or federal incentives; • local tax incentives; and/or • other local incentive program(s) (specify). For verification, provide the naive of the enforcement or incentive; the year created; a link to or copy of the incentives) and/or enforcement(s); and a brief description of how the intent of this action is rnet. irr..r� % , i . r r, ,. .... c.. Communities may use a variety of financial mechanisms to increase the mix of renewable energy sources available to residents. A feed -in tariff is a policy mechanism designed to accelerate the transition to renewable Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System 11-E-3: G-cewng•the Energy Supply Version 2.0 3 I CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply energy sources. Typically, it offers renewable energy providers a long-term contract for energy supplied at the cost of conventional energy production. While a feed -in tariff is a good incentive for the development of renewable energy, applicants may specify other financial mechanisms, such as a or P -1 -le! rr - program, for credit. If using a PACE program, renewable energy systems k,_ ... must be an allowed expenditure. For verification, provide the name of the enforcement or incentive; the year created; a link to or copy of the incentive(s) and/or enforcement(s); and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. is :7i gy::;...'i , . Net metering is an important incentive for developing on-site renewable energy generation because it allows customers to offset their energy consumption costs. In cases where excess energy is generated, customers can supply that energy into the grid for additional savings, The Database. of Stale Incentives for Renewables u Efficiency (� Y` l.'.;:) provides information on existing state, county, and city regulatory policies. For verification, provide the program name; year created; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. types of alternative fueling stations that may be installed include biodiesel, compressed natural gas, electricity, ethanol, hydrogen, liquefied natural gas, and propane. Facilities rnay be owned by public or private entities. All stations must be open to the public year round and installed within 5 years of application submittal, For verification, provide a list of investments made within the past 5 years and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. Because utility -grade renewable energy production is often sited in remote locations and the source is largely intermittent or out of sync with consr.imption, distribution and storage for use are important and necessary infrastructure investments. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency's Smart Grids and Renewables development Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CF -3: Greening the Energy Supply Version 2,0 114 CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply of smart grid technologies integrated with renewable energy is an example of an infrastructure improvement that can expand distribution. Smart grids offer increased reliability and resiliency, flexibility, and efficiency from demand-side management. c= ;<;ra." ; is a growing area of interest among researchers, utilities, and businesses. While the cost of advanced technologies may be prohibitive now, the potential that it offers for consistent energy supply and capture of renewable energy produced at peak sunlight or wind hours is promising, For credit, submit a list of distribution or storage infrastructure built with the intent of expanding renewable energy sources for the community. Applicants may receive credit for -pilot investments in smart grid distribution provided thatthe pilot is intended to gamer further support for investments in renewable energy infrastructure. For verification, provide a list of investments made within the past 5 years and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. ?`„ - °The City adopted the in jUnc. _2015. The document is reviewed every S years to ensure Camcridge is on the trajectory to become a 'Y et zero community.' gar.,. VTdesdcnces .ncbrsr.. n the (Cily o Burlington are e.lgble to r-cceve Lax credits for installation of renewable energy from the l-I;e Gly o` Houston, with the suppo federal grant, and private. partnerships, has Installed hundreds of : ''nese stations support private vehicles as well as the Gty's fle e,t. of 50 electric vehicles. i.° I,, L PIES RCES -�F - �� c�� nor a-�:o^ an.� nmoce w �0 P!'o 'r arr; i_k- « s a ;nide created by DOE and the National ASSOCIutI lr' C! lei lor,=?1 Cour Icils tc; helD'eglor:al and Io, �C'Je[ dents playa key rC e In adVarlCi l� the deploymert of solar energy, ! (SPA) provides detailed informat.on on issues and policies nationwide as well as insights to the rapidly developing solar market. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply Version 2.0 115 CE -4: Energy Efficiency 15 available points Minimize energy use and demand in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors as a means to increase energy efficiency in the r_ommun:y According to the ! - the world's total primary energy consumption in 2012 was about 529 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu). Primary energy consumption in the Unites.' S1,ates was about 95 quadrillion Btu, equal to 18% ofthe world's total primary energy consumption. The population of the United States in 2012 was 314.1 million people, or 4,46% of the world's total human population. The most recent figures released by the World Bank on the ,::>,;_ :,, :,; (not including wood s ove or individual teal -based stoves), is approximately 1,900 kg, of oil equivalent, or 75 :million Btu per person. By comparison, the U.S. per capita energy use is approximately 6,906 kg oFoil equivalerll, or 273 million 31u MMBtu) per person. Per capita energy use in the U.S. is over Vii% greater per person than in the rest of the world. ff?ere are several reasons for Ore ctC1_ energy use in the US., including industrial developmel. t, quality cf rile expectations, reliable transmission of power, safety, and water quality. U.S. communities at the forefront of energy efficiency seer: solutions that include lechn logical and behavioral changes. Energy use is applicable to many components of urban systems; reports that buildings consume nearly half of all the energy produced in the United Stales, or 47.6%. Process energy fi-orn the rld.a stria) sector- Comprises 24.4% and transportation accounts for 28,1 %. This objective focuses specifically on energy efficiency, -or I chaviors and ter-hnology that reduce energy use, n residential and corer ercial b!.Iilc.lings antiirxdus';:I processes. Strategies to address heat islands are Included In this objective as a rise In localized temperaLure often leads Ino -ease's in energy use for coo lnP There are generally L strategies Used to mit.: gate the eFfects of heat Islands; Increasing vegetallve cover and ncreasing surface reflectivity. Vegetation and moisture trapping soils utilize a relatively large protx)rti0 1 of absorbed radiation in the evapotranspiration Process and release water viper that contributes to ceolin�; ti"le air in tl eir vicirty. Increasing sur -lace reflectivity by applying surface treatments with higher albedo reduces radiation absorption and thus stored heat potential. �f hese sL alegies also irrpad levers of tropospheric ozone, a major contributor to outdoor air quality and I lcalln issues. Some SpeCl iC CtxahnplES Of heat Island n'lltlga'I:iOr et.ralegje5 In: -:Ude: • white I"CCTs or cool roots: • light-colored street pavement or ground cover; and + awnings and shade trees, Some heat island mitigation strategies, such as street trees and green rcoFs, may also be applicable to NS-I.- Green S-I;Green Infrastructure and HS -6: Hazard Mitigation, Te;:hnical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CF -4i Energy Efficiency Version 10 116 0 CE -4: Energy Efficiency H Renewable or non-fossil energy sources should only be included in instances where synergies directly contribute to decreased energy by a user, such as solar hot water heating or geothermal heat pumps, Fuel use in vehicles, including fuel-efficient vehicles, is addressed in CE -3: Greening the Energy Supply and EJ -2; Green Market Development and should not be included in reporting on this objective. Energy efficiencies in infrastructure, such as streetlights, combined heat and power (CHP), and water production/distribution/disposal, are addressed in CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Efficiency. Community Level Outcomes 70% of points available through Outcomes t1:, . 9 'ralr F r � 1: f , 'r � - i r". 11 lir �"'I i• :'4',!i .ic �,1C�V1�i'llr r y -;r'" , ! •I,! . s.,. !y� r� ,r� �.- y- ob .. }" <. .. ° rr�. ^,r:-. � •}.' :: !'rrv',r I t: � �-I-f)'-` ,` � ! .,, r.i��rl+rs. nrl :l�ri •�., ri. � � Local jurisdictions in the US. vary widely in terms.of climate and population density. Comparing rates of energy efficiency or establishing a national threshold is not Feasible: Since increased building and industrial process energy efficiency can lead to irriportant reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, this outcome is structured to measure reductions in energy use over time, similar to CE -2, Outcome I'. Communitywide Green'�ouse Gas Emissions. 1 o evaluate this outcome, applicants must collect electric, natural gas, and propane energy consumption data for residential, commercial, andndustrial buildings, over at least 2 points in time. Local utility providers will be the primary source of data. I )ata estimated based on the utility's service area with reasonable assumptions on the community's proportion may be submitted if data for the applicant's jurisdiction is not available. .,sir{. Baseline Year Years to 2050 Reduction per Year 2000 50 1.60% 2005 45 1.78% 2010 40 2.00% Ideally, the applicant will be able to supply all years of data from 2000 to present. However, if this is not passible, the baseline point in time selected must be between 2000 and 2010 and the most recent point in Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CEA: Energy Efficiency Version 2.0 7 CE -4: Energy Efficiency time must be within 3 years of the community's application. The closerthe baseline year is to 2010, the greater the percent reductions will need to be to demonstrate achievement, as shown in the [able at right. For credit in Part 1, demonstrate that all sectors (residential, commercial, and industrial), in aggregate, are progressing toward the long-term achievement of an 80% reduction by 2050. Use the STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet to convert values Lo MMBtu and graph progress against the threshold trend line. Data should be entered in MWh for electricity, therms for natural gas, and thousand gallons for propane To convert natural gas data that is provided in thousand cubic feet (Mcf) to therms, divide value by 10.32. Partial credit is available for reductions ir:. energy use not directly on trach to achieve an 80% reduction by 2050. See the Points Appendix for information regarding poirrs awarded for partial credit. For credit in Part 2, demonstrate that each specific sector (residential, commercial, and industrial) is progressing toward the long-.erm achievement of an 80% reduction by 2050. For the residential sector, assess the per- capita energy use. For the commercial sector, assess the energy use intensi'y. Energy use tensity is measured as energy use per square foot per year, Enemy use intensity = Building Energy Use (MMI31u) Building Square Footage (ft') For the industrial sector, the most beneficial unit of measurement would 'he energy used per unit of ,production. However, the unit of production For each industrial building type could be difficult to gather, especially in Dirge: jurisdictions. Therefore, if the unit of production is not available, applicants may submit rd trial enej sy use as direct energy use orenergy use intensity. cal government facilities that are considered commercial or industrial may be included. Of[e.n: local utilities will not be able to provide commercial and industrial data separately. If that is the case, then agr.regate commercial and industrial data in the energy use intensity calculation, if it is provided separately, then report the c.ornirereial sector as energy use intensl[y and the industrial sector as either direct r:x7er,gy use or energy case ince! si[y. Applica its who can supply this data by all individual sector types will receive !bonus credit. Use the STAR. -provided Lxcel spreadsheet to convert values to Mf"Btu and graph arogress against the threshold trend line. Parial credit is available for reductions in energy use per sector type and/or not directly on track to achieve an 80% reduction by 2050. Sce ll;c Points Appendix for inforrnation regarding points awarded for partial credit. For verification, report whether the community is on .rack to achieve 80% energy use reductions by 2050 as an aggregate and per specific sectors and submit the most recent figures For- energy use, Upload [lie completed STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet. `ecnnical Guide to the STAR community Rating System CE -4: Energy Efficiency Version 20 118 n 0 CE -4: Energy Efficiency d <!}4 rn f r rfa: ,•..� .�, : r •.. .: ', �.: ,' -0.i {r� E 9 �ii `N'#+ Irr. � .!' a �''..liq•:°r�` i� �'' i ;S l.ar, i"�u:+1<� i;:�rr�; r'.u,:.. #�:..-#, . -. tt °rc irl . ,.=�•'E..� r, t:a, • tiA::ly i!•iM SAI i= _,.1 y 111 ti l' n -C..- ,i 4.i c -i - 't. 's•: Pv? li: 'oI, - )P, tit#a t 1 :.,,• ..J% a: r� ,; ,. ��',tp'Y "'I, ;k .. t i'n' 1, 'r� ' +n;, S .� :, 17 y{'„ Heat islands are present on a surface and in the local atmosphere. The impacts from heat islands include: increased energy consumption; elevated emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases; compromised human health and comfort; and impaired water quality. This outcome considers the distribution of heat island mitigation strategies throughout a community. For credit in Option A, demonstrate that 85% of the population lives within a 1/3 -mile circular- buffer of urban heat island mitigation features. Land zoned for, and being used as, parkland, open space, or vegetated recreational areas - may also be included. Use ArcGIS to follow the basic steps below: I. Identify the qualifying urban heat island mitigation locations. Other layers to include are the jurisdictional boundary, trails, Census blocks, and streets. 2. Identify a 1/3 -mile circular buffer around the perimeter of the locations. 3. Identify the Census blocks that intersect with the service area. Clip- to the service area and jurisdictional boundary. 4. For each intersecting Census block, calculate the percent difference in area between the original Census block and the service area boundary. 5. Calculate the population in the service area by multiplying •the total population in the Census block by the percent difference in area. Summarize the new field. b. Divide the summarized population by the total population in the jurisdiction and multiply by 100. Applicants should submit the percentage of the population within a 1I3 -mile circular buffer of urban heat island mitigation features. For verification in Option A, submit the percentage of the population within 1/3 -mile circular buffer of urban heat island mitigation features and upload a map clearly identifying each type of green infrastructure function. See the Mapping Appendix for standard mapping requirements. For credit in Option B, the applicant must conduct air temperature measurements using transect studies or weather station networks, The submitted study or air temperature analysis must be conducted within 3 years prior to STAR application. Enough transects and stations must exist to provide statistically valid measurements of natural, low density residential, medium density residential, high density residential, and Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CF -4: Energy Efficiency Version 2.0 119 CE -4: Energy Efficiency commercial areas. The surrounding location should be rural or low density suburban. Measurements should be taken at about 5 feet above the ground and at night. If using a transect study, at least 2 measurements need to be taken, I in summer and I in winter, during non -windy nights. If more than I seasonal day measurement is taken, -these may be averaged for the submittal, For verification in Option B, submit the results of the study. Local Actions 70% of points available through Actions Rotor; r r ,#opl' a 11; prr.ve the, c`.nei gy c=.ficie'rrcy of re idenOnif',)dll torr nY r ci-d Community energy plans and climate action plans are commonly adopted planning documents that address buildings and their resource consumption. A standalone plan or a section of a communitywide plan is acceptable: Plans rust include sp_•cific se tions or actions related to building energy, In addition; plans must address commercial and residential budings. The Inclusion of industrial sector processes is encouraged. A good resource for energy efficiency for Industrial users is available From the DOE's ;s pregrarn. For verification, Provide, the plar,. title; a link to or copy of Lie plan; the year adopted or last updated; and a brief description of how the submittal meets the intent of,(.l is action. Building codes set rnl6rnurn requirements to ensure that new buildings, additions, and renovations are constructed using best practices for health, safety, and welfare: Energy codes are the part of -the building code that set standards for energy conservation and efficiency in these buildings. :...._e_ o nock. L 1 rF.iI -..._„ . ev.kq' ,d ,°r cx t. r._1 ,'t' lit most Y'. "'Ir .. t.lC e. y _ j (IECC). The IECC is updated on a 3 -year cycle, with the most recent version being released in 2015.1 `. have adopted some version of the IECC and have enacted legislation directing their local jurisdictions to either meet the same requirement or adopt more stringent codes. Other commonly referenced building codes that more extensively address renewable energy and water r _ Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -h: Energy Efficiency Version 2.0 120 CE -4: Energy Efficiency stare ald,Opted , _ ;;s iinti E_'.n e -&v c'e i"<:. rrnai�:on is For credit, communities must locally adopt, at a minimum, the IECC-2015 or later, the IGCC-2012, and/or ASHRAE Standard 189.1-201 1. Each of these must be adopted in their entirety with only minimal documented modifications and must apply to both residential and commercial sectors. Alternatively, communities may demonstrate how their local building code is equivalent to these model energy codes and, therefore, meets the intent. Information on state -level adoption and some local adoption may be found on the Department of Energy's website. For verification, provide the title and a link to or copy of the policy or code requirement; the year adopted or last updated; and a brief description of how the submittal meets the intent of this action. '?_"` 3 s:"'C.�i "E 1,..�? "r"::s..iil" .„: _ .. ' .r ?.i>,: `':�)'': ail=: ��i.F:,i LT43"� �"•`�;.", Tracking conSUMption levels is the first step to achieving energy use reductions, Requiring the disclosure of data heaps to ensure that energy reductions are cu:curring at, the bc.lilc4ir+g c site sraie. Adopted .disclosure ordinances car.address a specific sector, such as cornryiercial, or a specific scale or type of building, such as tPose that are greaLerthan 10,000 svt_ar"e Example ordinances are avai able frorn 1and For verificaIion, provide the title and a ilni<to or copy of the policy or codIe req iilrerner)^'.; 1.t?e year ado„)ted or last !Jpdat 'l`;; and a Iarlef c?escrlptlon of how the submt ittal"neets "e Inters' of tnls action. he Oi estlon of how Lo most effectively influence low -carbon and resource -efficient behavior IS UrfVlll . communities across the U.S. to exper.irn.c.ini. with innovative chalenges and caiYipaigns. This action ioc�ses on education and outreach to Lhe general PUNIC. or residenlial sector. For CXarYlple, the includes a pledge for ho_i-Iseholds to reduce. energy use i elp the city achieve itS goal Of 15% reduction II"1 gYYeYl11f)'t.i5e gas P..YYIISSI: nS by2020,Cot mUYlltleS can look to the EPA's <:: initiative for grounclAested ideas. For effective messaging, review the work of George Mason University's : Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -4: Energy Efficiency Version 2.0 121 CE -4: Energy Efficiency For verification, provide a brief description of how your education and outi-each campaign meets the intent of this action. Submittal must include a series of efforls designed to infirm the public about the issue, If applicable, provide a link to or upload supporting materials. is" i s i:, ? it"- �„' • �. €iM) Lh± , ... I'. Ach (_'. :n ,, energy eFclency ir, b!ulld'ngs requ res the active parlicipat !on of builaln occupants, owners, and al"lag 'r_. A formal committee can bring together- diver -se w Irnportant partners to ensure that loco{ ooverni-nem regulations, Incert ves, and programs are. real st c an I effect vc. Recommended committee members include local government leadership, facility maintenance staff, utility providers, finance department, construction managers, building inspectors, architects, engineers, nonprofit representatives, state and federal officials, and at -large community member representatives. For verification, provide the name of the group; a link to or documentation: of their work; year established; and a brief description of how the partnership meets the intent of this action. (Note that all Partnerships and Collaboration actions must be active Cat time of submittal and be issue -heed, not special project -based. I rack`ng. (Cita or. ener % c, it ii - I `.-( 9, c O'_. t1'ne ii21p5 I Td_IStiJr `• r':_::i_ a :._ :.1e:' -,- :d`lC' a i me":ncli� . ^soiJr're> T u o` Lary I-ehor in pre -am r< i . p , �u,4-izs , en y rl._.: _. •.vi_� ;.. � here are a n rYi'`'.r� vo!; C: ,�„ _ .. _.. .. _ ., . .. .. _ . ,., u_._ t-,-;� til r�';. -I, ,.r.., V F and pr�.'I nformatr reoc!ts, Sud'} as FP's =r DCS or /Ec d t unally :ori "ver r�'i , n a c ..tit,; s. such :: s the and the offer templates for standardized reporting of facility data. Local government can play a role in promoting the collection and reporting of energy use data by partnering with such organizations and local industries to convene trainings or share best practices for collection and reporting facility data. For credit, the applicant needs to demonstrate a programmatic effort toward partnership that goes beyond members ofthe commercial or industrial sector participating in reporting programs. For, verification, provide the name of the group; a link to or docu7)entation of their work; year established; and a brief description of how the partnership meets the intent of this action. Note that all Partnerships and Collaboration actions must be active at time of submittal and be issue -focused, not special project -based. Technical Guide to rhe STAR Community Rating System CE 4.: Energy Efficiency Version 2.0 122 CE -4: Energy Efficiency .L' r: �. A 1r Given the localized nature of the urban heat island effect, mitigation activities need to be dispersed throughout a jurisdiction 'to be effective. There are several strategies that may provide cooling benefits, including cool roof and cool pavement programs. While sorne green infrastructure strategies, such as increasing vegetation or tree coverage, do address urban f eat islands, this action must focus on surface treatments to buildings, pavement, and other built infrastructure, Green roof programs are eligible for credit. The Global Cool Cities Alliance has a rthat includes an informative primer and implementation guide as well as a knowledge base of programs and resources. For verification, provide the name and a brief description of the program or service; and the year created -or- implemented. rimplemented. I Local governments can support a variety of incentives for green or energy efficient buildings, Examples include property tax incentives, expedited permitting, grants,_ loans, bonus density, permit fee reduction, and rebates. The is a useful resource for finding energy incentive programs by state. For verification, provide a link to or copy of the incentive(s); a brief description of how the incentive meets the intent of this action; and the year created or implemented. Note that the incentive(s) must be available at. the time of application. Home energy audits, rebate programs, technical assistance, and loans have become common practices across the United States. For example, Denver ; i :: offers none -stop shop for residents who are locking to improve the energy efficiency of their homes. Seattle's program provides incentives and partners with financial institutions to provide low interest loans to participants. `The IS a good source of incentive prograrn information, Note that this action may not include DOE- or state -funded Weatherization Assistance Programs (WAP;. For verification, provide the program name; a brief description of the program or service; and the year created or implemented, Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating system CEA Energy Efficiency Version 2,0 123 CE -4: Energy Efficiency c o"A :. a : ca. PMO"tWli .s 7.-. .,. .:i. �y i :p AV ,C. FIP� .'€o>15E, h i'..... t.0 n CI -g e. ;3 t'd t: According; to a 201 S - ':.;; dv ACHE, an ovcrv✓helrning majority of low-income households expel fence igheY cite:'"gy i3lerd ens thar-, t^'f average I a2;.sehold In the same city. � �featnerization Assistance Progr�arns, turlcicd by !.he f:)O}::: is ;rough state energy offices; prc•;idc essential energy efficiency services to a number of ow income families throughout the US Cities and counties with such programs servicing -their area can leverage these opportunities through partnering or integrating with Neighborhood Stabilization Programs or other housing improvement programs. Cities or counties without weatherization programs can -still incorporate guidance into existing low-income programs that improve energy efficiency results. Note that this ac -ion may not include DOE -funded or slate -funded Weatherization Assistance Programs (WAP) that are not leveraged or enhanced outside of their existing program constraints. Services offered may be free or low-cost, but they must clearly be serving low-income households in the jurisdiction. For verification, provide the program name; a brief description of the program .or service; and the year -created or implemented. Local utilities can play a significant role in increasing information and knowledge about direct energy use in a community's building stock. Commissioning (Cx) programs offer opportunities for owners in the commercial or industrial sectors to ensure facilities are operating efficiently for existing use. Commissioning programs may be designed 'to address post -occupancy commissioning, retro -commissioning of existing buildings, or continuous commissioning. In addition to addressing energy efficiency issues, these programs will address ventilation and occupant comfort issues. .. and - ' in the U.S.. T he , _ . s ano,J r good source of energy program:. in':�rrT ion. For verification, provide the program name; a brief description of the program or service; and the year created or implemented. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -h: Energy Efficiency Version 2.0 124 CE -4: Energy Efficiency LEADING THE WAY E)- The program helps residents save money and energy by providing free in home installation of items, as well as valuable behavior change education that helps advance savings, These savings help advance the city to achieving its outcome goal of 80% energy intensity reduction by 2050. The Geothermal Connection Incentive was created for properties adjacent to the existing geothermal distribution system. If only a service line needs to be added, the first twelve months of service after connection will be at no cost, for up to 150% of the estimated volume. This incentive is important because it allows connection of additional buildings without the need to construct or maintain additional line. The Central Addition I-IV District is the City of Boise's first EcoDistrict, Located in downtown Boise. Limited pumping rights dictate the growth of the geothermal system. J�_ The rorn< to ; er;e, y epic rice c eve!opi~;e in Yrlanufa� uring plants through energy assessmenl_s, c�taUishing energy rnpn gement DO �irrI and othe- _echnica support. _ The City of Houston's encourages participants at all levels of influence, fi-om office employees to major property owners and managers, to improve the environmental performance of buildings in Houston. Through this program, the participants managed to collectively reduce energy usage by 28 million kilowatt hours, reduce water usage by 74 million gallons, divert 40% of waste from landfills by recycling, create office Green Tcarns to manage environmental initiatives and educate staff,, provide more bike parking, and increase electronic circulation of documents to decrease paper use and waste. This program encouraged many businesses to take into account and decrease their environmental impact. ntroduces ideas and actions Raleigh residents can ;The Sustainable Home Raleigh workshop i implernent immediately using low-cost, easy-to-use techniques to save energy and reduce utility bills, J he colrmuNly-foaised, education -driven program is administered through the City of Raleigh Office of Sustainability and is available to homeowners and renters. The I -hour pr-esentation includes demonstrations, tips and information on weatherization, energy erficiency, green cleaning, water- conservation, recycling and landscaping. Each household also receives a Sustainable Home starter bag of tools they can use around the home to begin conserving energy and water. T e LEED -atirg systems are available: alt the ': ,,website. In this IJSGBC dcsc-rYjes common '. h-ucluraI anis financial Ince 'tives and financing rlecnan1S!Yl� that govern- i,$ arc usg to cnr-ourage green Ouilding cons.ruc.tion and provides examples of comm,unitics t eat have im Dlc:rr: __:r1ted th ryl- >~dlkdltlo! ,ally, USC BC's :xray be helpful to advance a green building policy In rle coninnun!ty. DOE's ;r,ovldes reso ;sees or ` ,- ul= cc ^r ec r rc _ l Cilrig 7C.P.S a: 111:I`:. ii.7.i_.. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating Systern CE -4: Energy Efficiency Version 2.0 125 CE -4: Energy Efficiency 10 EllUSA's ': _ <; _: ;:, engages lora' businesses and commercial properly managers in a competition to save money, energy, water, and waste, improving their business's environmental performance and helping local governments reach their energy and climate goals. National League of Cities' (NLC} `:%'' ;-=''' !F. ; ;: I.„ provides a Farige of resources on sustainable buildings, including model policies legislation and RFPs, case studies, marketing tools, and classes for specific techniques for green constriction. The ,-.:: _;.;> for DOF's Advanced Manufacturing Office offers a wide range of guides and tools that help manufacturers and other- industrial operators across the supply chain conserve energy and reduce costs. The. .; ,;:r.; { has a resource page dedicated to the industrial sectorthat provides an excellent overview of the sector, policies to support energy efficiency and programs that suppor! industrial energy efficiency. The World Resources Institute re'easedin spring 2016 to provide local governments and other ,urban leaders in dhes around Lhe world with background, guidance, and tools Lo accelerate building efficiency action in their comn-wr flies. Terhnical Guide to the STAR Community Rating system CEA: Energy Efficiency Version 2.0 126 CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint 15 available points Lead by example by reducing local government greenhouse gas emissions and minimizing energy and water use in local government facilities and specified local infrastructure Most of the objectives in the STAR Community Rating System focus on outcomes and actions that impact the community as a whole. STAR was designed intentionally to focus on how the community works as a system to address areas such as climate, energy, equity, natural systems, and the built environment. However-, many local governments measure and manage resources internally -to both demonstrate environmental leadership and efficiently manage limited funding pools. This objective is unique in that the scale focuses on the facilities and internal operations of the local government as, it relates to greenhouse gas emissions, energy efficiency, and water conservation. Community Level Outcomes 100% of points available through Outcomes The Kyoto Protocol development process established the long-term target of reducing by 80% the GHG emissions of all industrialized countries by 2050. Although the U.S. was not a participant in the Kyoto Protocol, over 1,000 mayors across the country were signatories to the U.S. Conference of Mayors' Climate Protection Agreement, committing to meet or exceed the Kyoto targets. While a potentially more aggressive target, its long term nature did not lead to the immediate actions necessary to reduce GHG emissions. In 2015, leaders and delegates from 195 world nations formulated a global agreement on the reduction of climate change at the 2015 Para Climate Conference. The final agreement outlines various measures that need to be implemented to limit the rise in average global temperature to well below %°C, ideally at below 1,5°C:. At the: summit, the to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by up to 28% below 2005 levels by 2025. Therefore, STAR adopts a dual target of 28% reduction below 2005 levels by 2025 and 80% below 2000 levels by 2050. Communities that can demonstrate incremental progress toward either of these targets will receive some credit. Ideally, the data collection interval for greenhouse gas inventories should be between I and 5 years, The closer to the target year that the baseline year is, the greater percent of reductions the applicant wi Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Version 2.0 33 CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint need to demonstrate, as shown in the table below: r Baseline Year Years to 2025 Reduction per year Years to 2050 Reduction per year 1,60% 2000 25 1.12% 50 2005 20 1.40% 45 1.78% 2010 15 1.87% 40 2.00% For this outcome, applicants are required to assess GHG emissions from operations of local government owned and/or managed buildings and infrastructure. There are several methods to assess local government GHG emissions: STAR rcco rmu.nds :he P At a minimum, the applicant must report on Scope i and 2 emissions. Bonus credit is available for reporting on Scope 3 emissions. Applicants may receive partial credit For reductions that are not directly on track to achieve the target reduction. See Points Appendix for information regarding points awarded for partial credit. For verification, provide the most recent measure of greenhouse gas emissions and upload a completed STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet showing the threshold level met. This outcome is similar to CE -2: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation, Outcome 1: Communitywide Greenhouse Gas Emissions, except that applicants are required to assess GHG emissions of local governmental facilities and operations. In 20 15. it t_, I -S,rt;' ir'ior-, at on Allnl=`'_rd inr' ': elease thr T;l;' /-012 CBE �S col ected Duil ung charmer:stics data tro r ore i` r; h,li i) cmy rnercial buildings to dentlfy national trends '"elated to, energy use, by building Part i of this outcome is based on thresholds established by common local government building types published in the CBECS. The thresholds were adjusted based on factors such as variations in energy needs based on region and climate type, For Part 1, applicants need to benchmark energy use intensity for the local government building stock based Technical Guide to :lie STAR Community Rating System CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Version 2.0 134 CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint `' All facilities greater than 1,000 SF must be included in this inventory. on t e ;...� _:. -<�. �;`° <:_ it � ' For each building owned and/or operated by the local government, select I of the following building types; education (schools, training centers, etc.) food (service or retail) • healthcare (in-patient or out-patient clinics, nursing homes, etc) • office (city hall, departmental offices, etc.) • other (any facility not fitting within the defined categories or qualifying for Part 2) + public assembly (courthouses, recreation centers, libraries, etc.) • public order and safety (police and fire stations, jails, safety training facilities, etc.) + service (vehicle maintenance facilities, parking garages, etc.) • vacant (buildings not occupied, but owned/operated by local government) + warehouse (storage facilities, distribution centers, etc.) If a building provides functions for more than I building type, the applicant may assign partial use to more than I category provided the associated square footage and energy use for each type is known. If not known, then select the primary or dominant use of the facility. For instance, a fire station may also house the offices of the local fire department. If the amount of square footage and/or energy use for each type is unknown, assign it "public order and safety". Once the labeling is complete, sum •the annual energy used (kBtu) and square footage for each building type. Facility managers should be able to provide the data needed for this outcome. Many communities collect :`a.<m Ci:.": dICT `.,call..ics eNe:, ;t, into tiffs like Use the STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet to identify the number of each facility type, total square feet, and energy used. The formulas in the spreadsheet will calculate the energy use intensity (EUI in kBtu/SF) for each building type and compare it to the Census Division/Climate Zone EUI. Full credit in Part I is available for demonstrating threshold achievement in each building type category that applies to the jurisdiction, Partial credit will be awarded for achievement in I or more building type category. See the Points Appendix for information regarding points awarded for partial credit. For Part 2, applicants must document energy use for local ggvernment-owned and/or managed public infrastructure that is not included as a CBECS Building Type, STAR has established 8 categories of this type of infrastructure, including: • ports; • power plants; • public transit systems (not stations); • solid waste or recycling facilities; • stormwater facilities, such as pump stations; • street lights and traffic signals; • wastewater facilities; and • water delivery facilities. There are no known publicly available sources for measuring energy use intensity in these types of local government facilities. Therefore, the applicant must show progress resulting in 10% or greater reduction per Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Version 2.0 135 CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint type between a baseline year and current reporting year no more than 5 years apart. For credit in Part 2, use the STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet to summarize annual energy use. Applicants may supply the number of facilities or components for each public infrastructure category, but this is not required. Supply energy use in MMBIu for each category for the baseline year and most recent reporting year. If an infrastructure type is not owned and/or operated by r -he local government, leave this row blank in'thc spreadsheet. Full credit in Part 2 is available for dernonstraling a 10% or greater reduction in all infrastructure types. Partial credit will be awarded for achievement in I or more infrastructure type. See the Points Appendix for information regarding points awarded for partial credit. Partial credit may also be earned for achievements in zither Part I or Part 2. For verification, report the number of building type categories achieving the threshold (Part I) and the number of public infrastructure categories achieving the threshold (Part 2). Upload a completed STAR - provided Fxcel spreadsheet demonstrating achievement. o l y ` — �n",ents'-An rf`ci, i_ile be ; p"% __ CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Water use is not an intensity measure for this outcome, STAR has identified 9 types of public infrastructure that typically utilize the most water. These include: facilities with cooling towers; facilities with >50,000 SF conditioned space; facilities with steam boilers; • facilities with single -pass cooling systems; • irrigation systems (for roadways; parks, and/or recreation areas); • or~rarr)er7tal water- features; + pools and spas; + ice rinks and ski areas; • vehicle maintenance facilities; and • any infrastructure with annual water use of 100,000 gallons or more. For full credit, demonstrate a 10% or, greater reduction in all categories. Partial credit will be awarded for achievement in I or more categories. See the Points Appendix for information regarding points awarded for partial credit. Use the STAR -provided Excel spreadsheet to summarize annual water- use in each category. Some facilities may be counted more than once if they fall into more than I category. Applicants may supply the number Of facilities or components for each public infrastructure category, but this is not required. Supply water use in gallons for each category for the Baseline Year and Most Recent Reporting Year. For verification, report the number of categories achieving the threshold. Upload a completed STAR - provided Excel spreadsheet demonstrating achievement. Local Actions 70% of points available through Actions Local government GHG inventories are important tools for tracking internal progress towards reducing emissions from local government sources. Most local government inventories are conducted in 1-, 3-, or 5 - year increments and include Scope I emissions and Scope 2 emissions. More advanced efforts also include Scope 3 emissions, such as waste -rebated sources and employee commuting, and are verified by a third -party to ensure data is complete, credible, and accurate. For credit, the applicant must demonstrate that a local government GHG inventory has been conducted every 5 years and includes at least Scope I and 2 emissions. Note if inventory includes Scope 3 emissions and/or was verified by a third -party. For verification, provide the title; year published; a link to or copy of the study; and a brief description of Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Version 2,0 137 CE -b: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint how the intent of this action is i -net, Energy benchmarking is a useful means fortracking a building's energy use and making comparisons to similar - buildings nationwide, Not only can this process provide feedback on installed energy efficiency measures, it can allow Facility managers to better manage resources and identify targeted strategies for poor energy performance. Such efforts involve gathering usage data from billing records or metered properties and tracking the use annually or in monthly increments which can then be aggregated to an annual usage per building, A is a popular, Free tool that is easy to use and allows users to compare certain building types to the entire inventory of entries. IL also allows ror weather-related adjustments based on heating and cooling degree days (HDD and CDD}. For verification, provide the title; year published; a ink to or copy of thie study; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. H water use baseline is a real or estimated measure of the water- Used by a facility based on the equipment present. Ideally, a baseline is conducted in monthly increments, to show seasonal fluctuations in use, and then aggregated annually for comparison over time. Once the baseline is established, water cons:�Ewa ion and efficiency efforts can be managed and measured. Water savings generally I"all into 3 cale.,ories: reducing leaks, installing water -conserving fixtures, and improving behavioral changes. For credit, the applicant must provide a water rise baseline for local govemment facilities and infi astructure accounting for over 50% of the water budget and provide the [nos' recent annual review of water use data. For verification, provide the title; year published; a lint-: to or copy of the study; and a briefascription of how the intent of this action is met. Technical (.wide to the STAR Community Rating System CE 6: Local Government GHG & Resource Foorprin:.r Version 2.0 138 a CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint } -Cal ^Tos1"P"nrPtc'nt -suss" fnak"3lirty 'motor cWul dI'at;'.`;£,'ll.cl _`•�,-�,E:silty.::it<,�+-.,i'iiSSlCill rY,P' <2L,if"r';, �:il("uc; w�ri.,E's"•';V. ,nC w:i%�i`r.sriti::61"t�.i�;iC:C Local government sustainability plans tend to be action oriented and focused on internal operations and' i practices that read to reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, energy, and water. It !lay be a stand-alone plan or incorporated into a broader communitywide sustainability plan or the comprehensive plan, but it must indicate strategies specific to local government facilities and infrastructure. For verification, provide the plan title; year adopted; a link to or copy of the plan; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. There arc many benefits to purchasing energy supplies from renewable sources, including; • reduced environmental impacts; • as a hedge against electricity price volatility, fuel supply disruptions, and additional environmental regulations; • meeting community environmental objectives; • demonstrate civic leadership; • generating positive publicity; • improving employee morale; + stimulating economies; and reducing infrastructure vulnerabilities. For verification, provide the title; year adopted; a link to or copy of the policy or code; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met, 1 This action will most likely apply to a local goverwirner is fleet of vehicles, but may include fuel -based facilities, such as those thatt are operated with propane or natural gas. Establishing alternative fuel targets for powering facilities and vehicles may also address outdoor air quality iss ies. The policy may either be the setting g of a ftiel target, guidance included with environmentally preferred procurement, or steps to reduce fossil -fuel sources, such as replacement of fleet vehicles with non -motorized options, In all cases, the policy must be Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Version 2.0 139 CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint written as a practice change, not an incentive or encouragement. For verification, provide the title; year adopted; a link to or copy of the policy or code; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. it?.}tltY i=![u` :_. ._.. ,-r. F (� - >r,, „=1•,r;a;ls.r4, s`-bifil �JVi�ri? i. :.:.�i, i1; i1:�d^1 ;1;,.`.Y3{� The best time to consider conservation measures is before infrastructure is designed or upgraded. By incorporating sustainability practices from the beginning, many unintended consequences can be addressed, reducing the environmental impacts and costs of retrofitting. The Institute for Sustainable Infrastructure's (151) rating system helps public infrastructure managers and engineers understand how their systems integrate with the community's sustainability goals. This results in new and upgraded infrastructure that minimizes the use of energy and water. The rating system can be accessed for free by creating an account. Applicants should focus on the climate and energy section. Applicants may also use local government LEED requirements or environmentally -preferred purchasing policies as long as they apply to both buildings and infrastructure, such as wastewater treatment facilities, and include both energy or water requirements, For verification, provide -the narne of the practice improvement; a link to or copy of the annual report, if applicable; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met, Whereas Action 2 of this objective calls for energy benchmarking to be conducted internally by a local government, this action requires that such information be released to the public on a regular basis. Data may either be released via a standard report that analyzes trends over time or through a web -based interface with dynamic features. For example, Seattle, WA, producesfor its 5-) city -owned buildings, analyzing overall energy performance as well as detailed performance by building type. Washington, DC, benchmarks local government building energy use through real time, continuous reporting. They developed an interactive website, that provides details on energy use intensity, annual enemy cost, and GI -IG emissions. For verification, provide the 1-iame of the practice improvement; a link to or copy of the annual report, if applicable; and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Version 10 40 n CE -b: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Develop or Ti<'a;€llly [i:`I c�pe: atars' partici s)don in trai inf I.rav-, ams e n ,. c 1'I iryy and A,,ator Facility managers and infi-astructure operators include a wide field of public sector employees involved in the management of physical assets in a community, such as buildings, roads, street lights, and water and sewer Facilities and lines. Their work can have a direct impact on the energy or water efficiency of an infrastructure system in the community. Training programs ensure that operators are current on new technologies, processes, products, and design standards. The International Facility Management Association on iIFMA) has developed oPed a; _ ,my. _., , _ ;::'F c;: that provides specialized knowledge and practices related to facility managen'ient practices. For verification, provide the name of the practice improvement; a link to or copy of the annual report, if applicable; and a brief description of now the intent of this action is met. Regular- improvements and upgrades to public infrastrr.rcture should be a component of the capital improvements program or done via Derforrnance contracting, provide an opportunity for local governments to conduct an industrial -grade energy audit of their building stock and infi-astruct_ir-e arid develop strategies to finance energy conser✓ation measures. Cost savings from actions with short. returns on Divestment are used to fund larger efforts, can help loca governments perform an assessment, manage the work;: conduct annual measurement and verfication, and often guarantee the savings produced will be sufficient to rnain,ain budget neutrality, For verification, provide a iaf of irwestments made within the past 5 years and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. ,Advanced metering technologies help building and facilities managers gather detailed energy and water use information for specific equipment within local government buildings and the public infrastructure system. This information can be used to detect problems, enhance retrofit strategies, and Supportimplementation Technical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -6: Local Government GI IG & Resource Footprint Version 10 4 CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint of more efficient building and facility design. For credit, specific equipment must be sub -metered, not the facility as a whole. For verification, provide a list of investments made within the past S years and a brief description of how the intent of this action is met. Ca—obri g , i,',, -A- Since adopting the r_:: r: in 2006, the City of Cambridge has transformed a third of its fleet to hybrid or electric vehicles. lb.rtSignificant have been conducted on the City's municipal buildings and schools. A $6.5 million bond, which will be paid back through energy savings, was used as part of an energy performance contract. t�=iggh, -C- The: :_,,,., r _ series as a guide for local government ape-ations , with a g focus on minimizincarbon-related` _ .._......._. ,- emissions, maximize the energy and operational efficiency of existing and new municipally -owned fleet, facilities and equipment. It also considers life -cycle costs and renewable energy opportunities, is a network of (he work's megacities cornmitted to addressing climate change. C40 supports cities to collaborate effectively, share knowledge, and drive meaningful, measurable, and sustainable action on climate change. is an annual survey to collect data on climate adaptation, greenhouse gases, and energy and wVer use from institutional investors, companies, and ioc:al governments. This data is can be. searched by arca via an :? Tf e American Public Works Association'sprovides training, case studies, and tools for local gover nn)ent managers. The has a nun;ber-of tools and resources on sustainable water r ti ities, nc'uding access to purchase guidebooks hke Water Conservation for Small and Medium -Sized t.)tilitics and Tripe Bottom Line Reporting of Sustainable Water Utility Performance. University of Minnesota's works with Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) and other operators to increase energy efficiency. The site provides information on reducing water loads to improve energy efficiency at POTW plants and save money, echnical Guide to the STAR Community Rating System CE -6: Local Government GHG & Resource Footprint Version 2.0 142 Energy Action Plan — Open-ended Survey Questions Responses Question 1. Please rate your level of agreement or disagreement with the following statements. The suggested targets below match the global goals set during the 1992 Kyoto agreements and the 2015 Paris Agreements. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree or Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree Question 2. Provide any additional feedback on question 1 here: 1. Even if we don't meet these, reducing is essential. 2. Thank you for thinking of our planet 3. There should be discussion on how waste and recycling collection affects GHG emissions and identify priorities between reducing emissions and expanding the number of waste vehicles needed. 4. Any goals which are set should be attainable by reasonable means. No unrealistic goals 5. Enforce "no idling" policy for city vehicles. 6. Difficult to know if those are realistic expectations 7. I'm for good air but we could be spending a lot of money on something that scientists can't even agree with. 8. Poor use of municipal government tax money. 9. Trees should be considered part of the infrastructure as any other utility or stormwater features are considered. 10. The quicker the better! 11. Really tough to answer without understanding cost. 12. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions will provide a higher quality of life for the residents of Fayetteville. It will also help with the increasing efficiency of electricity use in the city by mitigating losses in the electric grid within the city. Using such examples and raising awareness will help the city achieve it's 2050 goal. 13. Ambitious goals but I like it. 14. 1 like the reduction numbers, maybe aim higher? 15. More public transportation needed. 16. "We need to reduce co2 as much as we possibly can. 17. We can use trees to sequester carbon. Let's reduce burning as much as possible and create low cost housing for families within walking distance of large employers." 18. Such an important issue for the future of our country and globe. 19. This is the most important issue of our time. 20. We need to catch up on the amount of carelessness and pollution that we've already caused and fix it. 21. Public private solar grid partnerships and alternative transportation (monorail). 22. Are the percentages really doable? Too ambitious? 23. We should do everything we can to reduce greenhouse emissions as quickly as possible. 24. This is why I love living in Fayetteville! 25. 1 believe that things are ok but if this town reduce its green house gases what is the impact it will have 26. What's the wait!? 27. Yes I am pro destroying small biz through over regulation keep pushing big biz good job 28. Please don't reduce standards in public housing/government housing. Some of the outlets don't even work to charge laptops in the public housing. 29. Answering this question depends on the realities of the time. 30. This can be done at little or no cost with global foundations and green tech start up who would do the installation and operation as a test of their services. 31. Having a purported noble goal is only a "feel good" gesture when practically as much benefit can be derived by educating the public to not waste resources, to further develop efficient/cost- effective public transportation with practical goals (not fanfare), to incorporate other "clean energy" sources incrementally AND cost-effectively over time, not simply idealistically, AND to encourage all citizens to support a worldwide equally shared responsibility for reducing harmful emissions instead of allowing China, India, and perhaps other nations to escape and continue to pollute much more than the USA while our economy bears an unfair burden subsidizing the bad actors. 32. Fayetteville should try to reduce greenhouse gas by as much as we possibly can. We are a great town that could help lead the rest of the country to making better, smarter choices. 33. It's hard to say I agree without cost of implementation. 34. Investing in clean energy positions our city for the future. 35. The City of Fayetteville could and should go even farther than these goals. The plummeting costs of rooftop solar, storage, and energy efficiency make this the smart thing to do. 36. Ambitious Goals! 37. This will not reverse global warming. Carbon emissions make up a fraction of percentage of correlation to temperature change. The earth heats & cools. Blaming capitalism, which lifts people out of poverty and provides opportunity, is a short -sided, nonfat -based approach. 38. I'm proud of our city! 39. Conduct talks w/ other area city's to follow our example regarding residential efficiency... 2009 I ECC... 40. 1 would like Fayetteville to take the leadership role in the state of Arkansas. 41. Keep goals cost effective for tax dollar outlays. Electric cars are cost effective alternative now. Solar panels still expensive. One small wind farm might be cost effective. Recycling a good proposal but you need to bend on the recycling at curbside with two small containers. Single stream more cost effective. 42. 1 fully support hard reductions in greenhouse emissions. 43. The questions are very broad. More should come into account with determining answers: economical impact, cost, how reductions are made, etc. 44. Fayetteville should try to reduce emissions much faster; why not imitate Aspen? 45. The City should create its own muncipal utility to control energy generation sources and retain those dollars in our community. 46. This needs to be done without spending more money than we spend now. 47. Purchase electric vehicles. Especially for parking meter readers. Plant street trees. Why no trees in the new work on College Ave? Stop allowing city vehicles to sit and idle endlessly. Install more plug-in stations for electric cars. Do the simple stuff. 48. The questions are phrased to get a pre -determined answer to support the Energy Action Plan. Something this complex can't be reduced to such a simple question. 49. 80% greenhouse gas reduction is deep decarbonization. This will only be possible if nuclear power substantially replaces fossil fuels for electricity, as well as generating carbon -neutral liquid fuels for the transportation sector. It has been shown that "renewables" of wind and solar cannot provide more than 20-30% of grid electricity without massive grid integration costs and problems. Plus, solar and wind cannot address other energy sectors of transportation and industrial process. Direct investment in solar/wind by the City would be, I believe, a misallocation of resources that would be better applied elsewhere. The City should in the meantime support a public education campaign about the positive climate -mitigation properties of zero -emission nuclear power. See the Nuclear Energy Institute www.nei.org for sample public service announcement content. 50. Economic development and sustainability are quite compatible. 51. These are ambitious but worthwhile goals. The need for reduction of greenhouse gasses (and consequences for failing to do so) has been very clearly articulated by the scientific community. 52. 1 don't think the reduction will be linear. Hopefully technologies will drive reduction over time, but 40% by 2030 is a pretty high bar 53. Intelligence trumps ignorance 54. "The more the better but not sure what percent makes sense" 55. Nothing could be more important! We need leadership to preserve our species! Question 3. Please rate your level of agreement or disagreement with the following statements: ■ Fayetteville should strive to reduce overall energy use in our buildings. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree • The City should periodically assess the feasibility of updating our building energy codes. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree ■ The City should strive to maintain our urban tree canopy. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree Question 4. Provide any additional feedback on question 3 here: 1. Please try to plant trees with less allergy causing pollen. 2. As long as it doesn't get ridiculous. Trees that are planted under power lines or blocking view for traffic doesn't make sense to me 3. Don't make energy codes so strict that they go other places to open their businesses. 4. Please provide more protection for the tree canopy from developments. 5. Nature and it's processes and features function to sustain itself. We should have as many public reminders of how we should adhere to similar patterns. Urban tree canopies are great on many levels. 6. The city allowed Brittenum to remove an entire grove of trees along Zion Road and replace them with saplings that will not be a canopy of any sort in my lifetime. 7. Too many trees are being cut down in the name of "progress". Surely this must be a better way! 8. All of the above will help maintain and reinforce the achievement of these goals. 9. Urban tree canopy is essential to maintaining the uniqueness and health of this city. 10. As possible, it would be good to help the general populace plant trees on their property. The tree preservation ordinance is a good step but it is very complicated to work with. 11. Would love to see more edible public gardens. Trees are great but is there a way to build the whole Ecosystem 12. Trees will help with the city heat reduction too. 13. Keeping our green space is vital! 14. Let's increase our canopy as much as possible. Urban air quality is important 15. We should use native trees as much as possible. 16. City should look at both sides of the equations. Meaning at what costs. Costs could come in terms of economic costs, costs to resources, etc. It should be balanced in terms of practicality, that any such action will not hurt businesses, economic development, and the other side of the equation. 17. Our tree canopy is a major reason why I bought my house. I fear it is in danger at being chipped away by new development, especially in older parts of town. 18. 1 really appreciate the tree give away in the fall. 19. 1 love our tree ordinance. Just saw a Casey's in Berryville. Not a tree or shrub on site. Same for Walgreens in MS-nothing but a little grass and pavement. 20. City facilities should make use of passive solar and energy efficiency, 21. Blurred vision? 22. And increase tree canopy. 23. Trees yes more trees 24. Seattle felt like a dead town because of a lack of tree canopy. Keep Fayetteville green! 25. It's a beautiful city, preserve the college town feel 26. "The City can do whatever it wants with ITS buildings and codes, but please don't try to tell citizens what to do with theirs, especially when some of us are already in a perpetual conserve/improve mode. In my experience and as currently with AR State government, more bureaucracy, code/ordinances/etc. only begets more personnel and other non-essential costs. Government is NOT a jobs plan, please. 27. 1 also recall the President Jimmy Carter era of zero-based budgeting AND cold federal offices because the temperature ""Nazis"" were enforcing arbitrary temperature limits in both heating and air-conditioning buildings. I personally supported the zero-based budgeting concept, but the temperature controls did not work, and only alienated practically everyone, plus it 'stirred up' the working populace and detracted from work efficiency by imposing a somewhat draconian temperature restriction when something more judicious would have been supported and helped almost as much. " 28. Sometimes updating the building energy can actually spend more energy, so we would have to look at realistically how much energy was being spent 29. Our leadership in these area will raise help maintain Fayetteville as a great place to live. 30. There is evidence that birth weight and percent canopy coverage are directly related and positively correlated 31. Reducing energy is s great way to gain efficiencies & lower costs 32. In the paper today, it was mentioned that PACE was available to homeowners, not just businesses... is this true? or is it true but you still have the problem with the FHA loan? 33. Update to 2012 1ECC... enlist other area city's to adopt 2009 IECC or better 34. Mature trees offer additional benefits such as reduced vehicle speed's, less crime, increase property value, and overall individual happiness... 35. Mentioned storm water --need to look at development out Hwy 16. A lot of develop in white river basin. Dead Horse mountain floods at white river after any rain event now and the continuing development will worsen that area. 36. Going to the 2012 code is a false start, the 2015 has the same requirements but adds a provable performance option, allowing for alternate methods to get the same score 37. See above on street trees. Adopt the latest building code, not one from years ago. 38. Tree location should be considered if the purpose is stream bank erosion control or shading buildlings. 39. The city does nothing to manage storm water right now. I would like to see the City manage existing regulations first. You can drive around Fayetteville during any rain event and see sediment laden storm water running of residential construction sites and residential developments into the storm sewer. 40. ???? 41. All these things are important, and also obvious once you think about them. 42. Urban heat island effect is substantial, especially as temperature extremes will be increasing. Recommend vigorous implementation of policies to minimize heat island effect. This would be synergistic with building energy efficiency measures, and will increase livability in a warming climate. 43. Strongly agree that the City should strive to maintain our urban tree canopy. Including new ways of including 'green' in the urban environment: green roofs, green walls, bioswales, green streets. 44. Definitely maintain the tree canopy! It's one of the things that makes Fayetteville such a great place to live . 45. Update the building energy code!!! Question 5. Please rate your level of agreement or disagreement with the following statements: • Fayetteville should incorporate more clean energy (wind, solar, etc) into our energy portfolio. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree • Fayetteville City government should work to transition to 100% clean energy by 2030. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree • The Fayetteville community should work to transition to 100% clean energy by 2050. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree Question 6. Provide any additional feedback on question 5 here: 1. "If this is a feasible goal, we should do this. If the community will get on board it will be life altering" 2. All city buildings should have solar panels. Start with the fire stations and go from there. 3. 1 don't see us getting rid of 100% of our current energy in this time frame. 4. Not sure what this entails, so unable to know if this is a realistic goal or not. 5. Provided it is cost effective. 6. Don't see how you can make stricter rules and not run businesses off. 7. Again - it's a good idea, but at what cost? 8. 1 believe that transition to a 100% clean energy will take more than 2030, however, that is a goal that can be achieved. Moreover incorporating more alternative clean energy options will help achieve the goal. But, the city should first make a survey on whether or not for ex. a wind energy plant, can be implemented in Fayetteville. 9. So many options . Wind, geothermal, solar. Even burning wood is sustainable. 10. The faster the better on this transition 11. 1 love this goal. 12. How? 13. The sooner the better! 14. Solar incentives 15. Clean energy resources ARENT CLEAN. Where do the solar panels go when theyre used up? Its all a big lie to take our money through taxes. 16. Doable in practical terms? Can the community support the costs associated with reaching these goals? 17. The sooner the better. 18. The Pack Rat Outdoor Center put up an amazing solar array. So should the city. It speaks volumes about the city. 19. Building regional, national and global competitions for ideas to be presented and implemented. 20. "Some fossil fuels, nuclear power, and even ""clean"" coal will be more reliable and cost- effective for centuries. To argue otherwise is simply faddish, ignores widely known compelling factual evidence, and succumbs to biased and fear -mongering rather than rational planning elements among us. 21. Although it may not be a viable portion of a middle American Fayettevile, AR energy plan, IF someone could demonstrate harnessing wave power (available 24 hours a day and available practically for millions of years into the future) and incorporate it into our national power grid, then THAT would be a real, substantive issue to publicly support. Why aren't we? Ans: Too much money influences in BOTH traditional energy sources as well as so-called clean ones." 22. 1 know that my family would switch to 100% clean energy if we could afford it, so having help from Fayetteville would make a big difference in many people's lives! 23. Fayetteville should develop staff and partners with this expertise. 24. The city government and community could and should achieve these goals even sooner. If the city, state, or country are still using petroleum, coal, or natural gas in any appreciable quantity in 2040 the implications for our environment, health, and therefore economy would be terrible. 25. "These new forms of energy will have high costs. Look at Germany, they did this and their citizens pay some of largest percentage of income to energy costs in the world. 26. The one "clean" energy that you are mentioned is natural gas. 0 emissions. 27. Fayetteville tax payers will be left holding the tab for the implementation of this nonpractical, idealistic approach." 28. Sure, 100% even better. 29. Make transition cost effective. Refer to first comment box. 30. Solar everything possible 31. The term "clean" energy might be a little inaccurate, since there's a lot of environmental and social issues related to mining, manufacturing, transport, and disposal of solar panels and other equipment for renewable energies. 32. 100% by 2020 would be preferable 33. Should strive for 100% clean energy sooner. Doubtful that AEP and Ozarks will get to 100% clean energy in the timeframe needed. 34. Reduce energy consumption through efficiency while working toward clean energy. 35. 100% is a big number (sarcasm). There is no room for any flexibility with that. 36. As long as the "clean" energy is market viable and economically make sense over the life of the energy producing mechanism. The government should not be subsidizing clean energy to make it viable. 37. City government should use tax dollars wisely - whatever is cheapest is best. Community should think more longterm stewardship 38. Solar and wind have an energy footprint also, and they will not provide energy enough to make a difference. If by "clean", you mean nuclear, then I definitely support that. 39. See comments for question #1. Include nuclear as zero -emission energy, along with solar and wind. Solar and wind by their intermittent and variable nature depend on fossil gas to balance loads. Investing in large amounts of solar/wind locks in an equivalent amount of fossil gas peakers, so one can never get anywhere close to 100% renewables. Some small amount of renewables can help, but we need to ask: 1) What is the cost per unit of avoided CO2 - equivalent emitted? and 2) What is the actual amount of zero -emission electricity generated? and 3) Could that investment be better allocated to reduce carbon footprint even more in other areas, keeping the City out of the power generation business? An attempt should be made to quantify the effects of a public investment in solar/wind, otherwise it is little more than greenwashing. The City should actively lobby the State and the Public Service Commission for policies that support the goal of a diversified energy portfolio that is zero -emissions, efficient and highly reliable, to include nuclear power, which provides 60% of the zero -emissions electricity in the U.S. We need a price on carbon emissions, and we need to value baseload sources that provide dispatchable power, and provide ancillary grid services of voltage and frequency regulation, which solar and wind cannot provide. 40. What can we actually do to increase clean energy? I don't know what the city could do to make this happen. the market can do it. 41. Total renewable may not be able to handle base load. Question 7. Please rate your level of agreement or disagreement with the following statements. Fayetteville should strive to reduce the number of miles traveled in vehicles. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree Fayetteville should make it easier to complete more trips by bike, by foot, or by public transit. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree • Fayetteville should prioritize public transportation improvements. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree Question 8. Provide any additional feedback on question 7 here. 1. Geography is too hilly and weather too unpredictable 2. Need to work on better East to West access rather than going through a business district. City has plenty of trails right now. Let's get the streets fixed. Lots more people use the streets rather than the trails. 3. 1 feel the trails would be used more, especially in south Fayetteville, if there was stronger sense of safety, especially for females. The homeless population does detour a lot of potential trail users. 4. More public transit infrastructure, routes to public infrastructure and better transit routing is needed to help people make the change from personal vehicles to alternative forms of transportation. Helping businesses incentive alternative transportation would also help. 5. Fayetteville has allowed 265 to become a race track for loud, speeding cars and trucks. The north side of town is a horrible place to live unless you are a young, noisy person. 6. If tech is going to help us reduce emissions substantially in cars, then why invest in more public transport? 7. The goal to reduce the number of miles traveled by car can and will be achieved by promoting public transportation and other modes of transportation. This will result with more federal funds that can be used to help build a stronger public transportation network. 8. Bike lanes need additional separation from vehicle traffic lanes to ensure rider safety, especially due to distracted driving. 9. Also ambitious, but would like to see options. It's interesting to see how how this could reduce congestion. Would be awesome to connect Bentonville, Rogers, Springdale, Fayetteville. 10. Public transportation is a huge benefit both in environmental effects and in social justice. Please really focus on this. 11. We love to ride the bus and walk and would do it more if possible. 12. Use Springdale bike path as an example. Putting a picture of a bike on the road doesn't make it a bike lane 13. Inner city rail 14. More public transportation would be a plus! 15. More options for busses 16. What about starting metro/subway lines as means of public transportation? 17. Monorail 18. Need REGIONAL public transportation. 19. The trails in Fayetteville are mainly going North and South but lots of people live East and West. We need more trails that connect the neighborhoods to the main North/South trail system. West of 49 on Weddington is a prime example. thousands of people live over there and the Wedington bridge (which is not safe) is the only way to cross 49. There is a trail North of Wedington on Mt. Comfort but there is no trail that connects Wedington to Mt. Comfort and the one that is planned is not scheduled as a priority. 20. Should encourage residents to live close to where they work. 21. Better and smarter transportation options are a huge priority for our family. 22. The bike trail system has been transformative. keep it going! 23. 95% of my transportation in the city limits is by bicycle. Every mile you build will help push this toward the new norm. 10 years ago 98% of my mobility was by car. 24. Prioritize public transport. 25. 1 would like to bike to work from Fayetteville to Springdale but it seems really unsafe and inefficient. 26. Please prioritize bike share! With the trail network it seems a key thing for the city to have. Also a carpool lane on 49 would be a key way to incentivize carpooling. 27. These public initiatives are fine as long as they do NOT impinge upon the personal freedoms of those in our population who need personal transportation either for independent work, safety, or other chosen needs. 28. Not only would public transportation and trails help with the environment, but it also helps those who are homeless or impoverished. This definitely needs to be taken into account! 29. City and nwa in general needs upgrades to our mass transit system. Rush hour traffic is way too congested for this area. As quickly as we are growing we need feasibility studies done to make sure we can keep up with our population demands. 30. Our trails are an important component of our quality of life. 31. I'm particularly passionate about active transport, because I think it addresses so many problems: people are healthier, it's good for the environment, people take greater pride and pleasure in their communities and also meet others who live near them. I could go on! I'm also a huge supporter of good public transit, however: many people live far from work or can't otherwise get around without a vehicle. Time spent in public transit is, for me, better used than time spent driving. On the other hand, I don't know about the relative impacts of driving vs. the other areas discussed here. 32. Please don't sacrifice the Enduring Green Network with more arterial roads and high-density residential to justify public transportation improvements. 33. There are no bike trail extensions in SE Fayetteville. 34. 1 support public transit, however the lack of high density development negates the good of public transit 35. Figure out ways to invest in public transport; bike trails are great but working and poor people need cheap public transport 36. The upcoming bond package should place an emphasis on public transit options instead of completing the box around the City. The box will encourage suburban sprawl and dilute our resources. 37. Prioritize how? 38. If people don't live close to where they live sidewalks and bike trails will not reduce daily travel. This is common sense. 39. Commuter square -to -square rail in nwa + nwa to LR passenger train service. 40. Transportation represents about 25% of primary energy demand. Efforts in this area should give a large return on reducing carbon footprint. 41. Supplying our community with a solid bike trail system that spans the entire city is crucial to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 42. Electric vehicles may change this equation some, were inherently a spread -out area. Maybe co - locating commercial with residential would reduce miles more? I live by Holcomb Elementary and there's nothing close enough to walk or really even bike to. 43. Bus arrival time info helps people make decisions. 44. 4 way stop and crosswalks at Huntsville and willow. I'd help! Question 9. Please rate your level of agreement or disagreement with the following statements. The City of Fayetteville should work to expand recycling services to more residents. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree The City of Fayetteville should strive to divert at least 40% of waste out of the landfill and into recycling or composting programs. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree The City of Fayetteville should increase access to construction and demolition waste recycling. Strongly Agree/Agree/Neither Agree nor Disagree/Disagree/Strongly Disagree Question 10. Provide any additional feedback on question 9 here: 1. I've noticed it's difficult to get recycling in apartment complexes, but there is a ton of trash flow there, if there was any access to recycling there it would be great. 2. C & D waste should be researched thoroughly, well -regulated but left open to private industry. The City should work on prioritizing recycling vs. GHG emissions as well as energy consumption. Explore more recycling options that fit both demands. 3. recycling services should be expanded to multi -family locations. Additionally, if we add construction and demolition waste recycling, it should pay for itself and not be subsidized by the individual residential rate payer. 4. Construction should be expanded. 5. Compost pickup would be awesome! 6. The number of items that can be recycled is safall compared to other cities. 7. It would be great for the City of Fayetteville to partner with a non-profit benefiting the homeless community. The partners could seek funding to set up a C&D facility/operation in the industrial park- This could provide transitional employment for people trying to get on their feet. Walkable, set up to deal with turnover, much needed. 8. We need to start making developers preserve top soil they remove. 9. 1 would like to see more availability to our recycling programs for non -single family households. Also, the current C&D program provided by the City is not helping to reduce waste. Develop a more robust program that can incorporate demolition and deconstruction. 10. Since the city has no wheeled recycle bins and I can't lift mine at the curb, I no longer recycle. 11. 1 agree with all the above mentioned points. 12. Large collective compost bins would be helpful, love me Memphis has, for example. 13. Would like to see more streamlined recycling. They make it hard and don't accept everything. May be able to reach more people if it was easier 14. The bulky waste clean ups are helpful. More would help. 15. Any talk about reduction? 16. 1 would like to be able to recycle more plastics from my home #5 etc 17. Burning of downed trees on construction sits is a nuisance and a health hazard. 18. Take all recycling numbers!!! 19. 1 would like to see more options for recycling. We don't recycle enough of what we can in our city. 20. More recycling centers and more options 21. 1 previously lived in a small town outside of Lexington, Kentucky. Their recycling program was incredible. It may be worth it to see what they are doing? I could recycle nearly 90% of everything I used—and I loved it. 22. REDUCE, reuse, recycle. Recycling is a last attempt, not the best. I think recycling is over -rated. 23. Just be practical about the percentage of diversion. 24. Recycle all the things! 25. Many residents who live in apartment buildings are not provided with recycling options. Only Dumpsters. So essentially, homeowners make up the bulk of the recyclers, because they are compensated by trash bill reduction. No reward for the Apartment dweller. Thank you. 26. Please switch to single stream recycling so you can serve apartments and businesses. 27. 1 am not sure about single stream recycling. Work on restaurants and bar recycling. There are lots of opportunities there. Cherokee NC recycles all restaurant's food waste into compost and it sells. 28. Fayetteville should not pursue single stream as it is easy to recycle at the curbside. People who are unwilling to recycle at the curb just need to learn to do it. I think people who have to live in apartment buildings should just take items to a center. 29. Trades for leases, please? Most demolition turns to thievery. 30. We should collect compost in large bins for all houses. It would be great to expand plastic recycling. Also banning plastic bags. Incentives to bring your own bag and bring your own jars for bulk purchases. 31. But keep recycling sorted and therefore easy -- and profitable -- to sell. Educate the public; don't combine recyclables and end up with a mess that will end up in landfill. 32. 1 would rather see 9b them implement access for all citizens to have free recycling! Specifically, for any organization or apartments too - strive to give more people access first before striving for 40% 33. Gasification and methane capture seem like key ways to improve emissions reduction 34. Complying with market requirements for recycled products is as important as the recycling program itself. The Reduce, Reuse, Recycle mantra is the order in which we should attack the problem. Reduce first, then Reuse, and recycle what slips through. 35. 1 am very familiar (and trained) in recycling issues, but I am not familiar/conversant with the "access to construction and demolition waste recycling" question. 36. The city should also plant only native plants and gardens for food in our landscape. 37. Yes, keep trash out of the landfill by consuming and wasting less .... don't do it by downgrading the system to single stream. 38. With lots and lots of public outreach & education; and business outreach & education; and industry outreach & education. Build community/regional pride and sense of ownership in our actions. 39. Use single stream...... 40. Far too much is sent to the landfill and not captured for recycling or compost 41. Single -stream recycling is not good. Don't send recycled material to landfill to save money. 42. Better recycling options for apartment dwellers. 43. Do we know what happens to -our recyclables after we sell them? 44. Partner w Habitat Restore for re -usable c&d materials. 0 45. Recycling must be REAL, that is, do not collect things for which we have no source to actually re- use; that is deceptive. DO spend time in researching actual sources that re -use "waste" and publicize this so recycling gets a good name and is understood by all of us. 46. The EAP line item regarding construction and demo waste diversion seems to be missing the word "recycling". It currently says: "Incentivize construction & demolition waste". 47. Food waste is not trash -a commercial facility for composting this waste stream is so important in also reducing dangerous methane emissions from landfills. 48. Please figure out single stream recyclingM People are lazy when it comes to trash, all recyclables should go to the curb in one bin or divided container. 49. 40% is an absurdly low number. ENERGY ACTION PLAN ,■ FAYET EVILLE CITY COUNCIL MEETING, 19 DECEMBER 2017 94" ARKANSAS The vision of this plan is to energize action and build a strategic framework for the City's efforts to be a resource and energy efficient community Specifically, this plan aims to: + The Energy Action Plan addresses Fayetteville's current conditions in the four areas listed below, sets goals for improvement, and provides detailed implementation steps to achieve a LU more energy and resource efficient future. f2 O n cam`, cn - o BUILDINGS ENERGY SUPPLY TRANSPORTATION WASTE By taking action in the four areas listed above, the City of Fayetteville will strive to achieve a COP * Encourage energy efficient homes and businesses , 0 Move Fayetteville towards independence, RTfl z energy • O• Promote a culture of innovation, THE 'BIG FIVE' EMISSIONS SOURCES Improve public health, C� .Achieve cleaner air, water and soil, Encourage resilient local businesses, — — • Promote a collective understanding of climate g��:; WASTE change, and Leave • a legacy of stewardship for future 29, rm�a,�wv3 — generations of Fayetteville residents. 1 The Energy Action Plan addresses Fayetteville's current conditions in the four areas listed below, sets goals for improvement, and provides detailed implementation steps to achieve a LU more energy and resource efficient future. f2 O n cam`, cn - o BUILDINGS ENERGY SUPPLY TRANSPORTATION WASTE By taking action in the four areas listed above, the City of Fayetteville will strive to achieve a community -wide reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, measured in total metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2E). THE 'BIG FIVE' EMISSIONS SOURCES =2INNELECTRICITY s����n LANDFILLED — nw4'M00a �•■■ —GENERATION aaawrr, — — ^ VEHICLES g��:; WASTE — NATURAL .s — WATER TREATMENT rm�a,�wv3 — rwrrrw "=�" GAS _ & TRANSFER ® FAYETTEVILLE'S GHG REDUCTION GOALS U 2010 (BASELINE YEAR) 2030 www rrr,rrr RAW . n,.a.. �. w,r ,tr !er ,,rt in . ui� ,�> ! ai al:NN ., , »N:Y��■{.�.pp�,rq■■■�■■■■■■YYY■Mks: 40% reduction R,N"6","N,■tlrrYr"YNr� 2050 O „r■e NbNr r " relR. M,I1 NN9 i■/ ■!UNK k lr,l N YMr ► ", III,NnNa!■eN9le0,N■N��R�q�jlirrl NNN �•■I AI}�1 N.JPI YF n: R:IIMiOCi CNH -.. r fff :: !"Nr r ratlallrrre, sNrr Mee,y"�r�f■!„lr 80% reduction •/� +1f�y ! el,: ■ ■ tkM�■ ■■ ■R A■M r N,�,N YlubrryNMri” --- k!a,"■ n N e , �� : Rrre,■�r:INI�Mr:M ,...__�.. `^ -�. ;:���Me.,-�,:i •—^ — br,: ■t�.ae: ane•. eX k.Mr:rr:::+YiY■ rrrrrr,,, ■rtIF��R■!■*■!■ i ■.'rrrr�M""rr, i:::::ww. NI MINI:r:Yrr ."�.IonI� e,,,,lelr„rN ,sea: 288 ,7 S / I,r r!. ” rrrrCpG rNrrrrrrrrr.■",nnan. r„N,"....In"n .1.1 .111 h.111e jin 866,360 MTCO2E MTCO2E 1,443,934 MTCO2E ENERGY ACTION PLAN�, FlAYETTEVILLE CITY COUNCIL MEETING, 19 DECEMBER 2017 O ARKANSAS The following goals were determined through a process of peer city research, community input, City staff alignment, expert stakeholder guidance, and administrative review. CROSS -SECTOR: • Reduce average housing and transportation costs to 45% of area median income C� • Develop and expand Fayetteville's reputation as a hub for socially and `J economically responsible businesses, entrepreneurship, and greenjobs Q • Build local support for national carbon emissions reduction and carbon capture Ostrategies OA BUILDINGS: AA • Complete periodic feasibility analyses of building energy code updates >_ • Achieve 3% annual reduction in overall energy use in buildings IY— • Improve the health, distribution, coverage, and effectiveness of Fayetteville's Z urban forest ENERGY SUPPLY: • Achieve 50% community -wide clean energy by 2030 C • Achieve 100% community -wide clean energy by 2050 O U �1 TRANSPORTATION: VReduce per capita vehicle miles traveled to 2010 levels by 2030 s Achieve 25% bike/walk/transit mode share by 2030 WASTE: Achieve 40% total waste diversion from the landfill by 2027 C/7 ° J Q O GOALS FOR CITY GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS: II�� • Achieve 40% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030, from baseline year of 2010 0 • Achieve 80% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050, from baseline year of 2010 CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE ARKANSAS • Achieve 100% clean energy by 2030 �-- . Achieve 3% annual energy use reduction in City facilities MORE INFORMATION AVAILABLE AT WWW. FAYETTEVILLE-AR.GOV/ENERGYACTIONPLAN