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HomeMy WebLinkAbout205-12 RESOLUTIONRESOLUTION NO. 205-12 A RESOLUTION APPROVING FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT POLICIES 1.3.1 USE OF FORCE; 84.1.1 PROPERTY MANAGEMENT, ACQUIRED & IN -CUSTODY; 42.1.1 CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS; 83.1 COLLECTION AND PRESERVATION OF EVIDENCE; 44.1.1 JUVENILE OPERATIONS; 41.2.11 USE OF DEPARTMENT VEHICLES; 1.2.2 WARRANTLESS DETENTION, SEARCH & SEIZURE; AND 43.1.1 VICE, DRUGS AND ORGANIZED CRIME BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS: Section 1: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby approves Fayetteville Police Department policies 1.3.1 Use of Force; 84.1.1 Property Management, Acquired & In -Custody; 42.1.1 Criminal Investigations; 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence; 44.1.1 Juvenile Operations; 41.2.11 Use of Department Vehicles; 1.2.2 Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure; and 43.1.1 Vice, Drugs and Organized Crime. PASSED and APPROVED this 8th day of November, 2012. APPROVED: ATTEST: B IONELD JO : ► , Mayor By: t ({24, 4-t.Ct ,4+31.(14,. SONDRA E. SMITH, City Clerk/Treasurer `■G0A11111C IIT�i yr G\I Y O,c-�'.1 -0 :FAYETTEVILLE: ;max Greg Tabor Submitted By City of Fayetteville Staff Review Form City Council Agenda Items and Contracts, Leases or Agreements 11/8/2012 City Council Meeting Date Agenda Items Only Police Division Action Required: Police Department Staff seeks council approval to adopt Fayetteville Police Department Policies: 1.3.1, Use of Force; 84.1.1, Property Management, Acquired & In -Custody; 42.1.1, Criminal Investigations; 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence; 44.1.1 Juvenile Operations; 41.2.11, Use of Department Vehicles; 1.2.2, Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure; and 43.1.1, Vice, Drugs and Organized Crime. Cost of this request Account Number Project Number Budgeted Item $ Category / Project Budget $ Program Category / Project Name Funds Used to Date Program / Project Category Name Remaining Balance Fund Name Budget Adjustment Attached Depa \k=z=:-\\-\a Previous Ordinance or Resolution # Date i Attorney Finance and Internal Services Director Original Contract Date: I/ 4r h'` Original Contract Number: Date D-2�-2vtt Date ReceivedinCity Clerk's Office Received in Mayor's Office Comments: Revised January 15, 2009 'Mtteville THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICE DEPARTMENT 100-A West Rock Street Fayetteville, AR 72701 P (479) 587-3555 F (479) 587-3522 ARKANSAS www.accessfayetteville.org To: Mayor Lioneld Jordan and City Council From: Greg Tabor, Chief of Police Date: Thursday, October 18, 2012 Re: Police Department Policies Recommendation: Council approves a resolution adopting Fayetteville Police Department Policies: 1.3.1, Use of Force; 84.1.1, Property Management, Acquired & In -Custody; 42.1.1, Criminal Investigations; 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence; 44.1.1 Juvenile Operations; 41.2.11, Use of Department Vehicles; 1.2.2, Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure; and 43.1.1, Vice, Drugs and Organized Crime. Background and Discussion: The Fayetteville Police Department is currently in the process of reviewing all policies and updating as necessary to conform to current practices and to comply with accreditation standards. 83.1, Collection and Preservation of Evidence and 43.1.1, Vice, Drugs and Organized Crime, are new policies. The remaining six policies have revisions recommended by CALEA assessors, and are needed for accreditation compliance. Those areas are highlighted. Budget Impact: None Telecommunications Device for the Deaf TDD (479) 521-1316 113 West Mountain - Fayetteville, AR 72701 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION APPROVING FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT POLICIES 1.3.1 USE OF FORCE; 84.1.1 PROPERTY MANAGEMENT, ACQUIRED & IN -CUSTODY; 42.1.1 CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS; 83.1 COLLECTION AND PRESERVATION OF EVIDENCE; 44.1.1 JUVENILE OPERATIONS; 41.2.11 USE OF DEPARTMENT VEHICLES; 1.2.2 WARRANTLESS DETENTION, SEARCH & SEIZURE; AND 42.1.1 VICE, DRUGS AND ORGANIZED CRIME BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS: Section 1: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby approves Fayetteville Police Department policies 1.3.1 Use of Force; 84.1.1 Property Management, Acquired & In -Custody; 42.1.1 Criminal Investigations; 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence; 44.1.1 Juvenile Operations; 41.2.11 Use of Department Vehicles; 1.2.2 Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure; and 42.1.1 Vice, Drugs and Organized Crime. PASSED and APPROVED this Bch day of November, 2012. APPROVED: ATTEST: By: By: LIONELD JORDAN, Mayor SONDRA E. SMITH, City Clerk/Treasurer FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PRO CED URES, AND RULES Subject: 1.3.1 Use of Force Effective Date: May 1, 2012 Reference: 1.3.4, 41.3.5, General Orders 13, 14, 23, 29, 32 Version: Version CALEA: 1.3 No. Pages: 8 I. PURPOSE The purpose of this directive is to state the Fayetteville Police Department policy regarding the use of force, including deadly force, less lethal force and defensive tactics. II. DISCUSSION The value of human life is immeasurable in our society. Police officers have been delegated the awesome responsibility to protect life and property and apprehend criminal offenders. The apprehension of criminal offenders and protection must at all times be secondary to the protection of life. The officer's responsibility for protecting life must include his own. III. DEFINITIONS Deadly Force — Deadly force is that force which may cause death or grave injury or which creates some specified degree of risk that a reasonable and prudent person would consider likely to cause death or grave injury. Physical Force — Physical force is any bodily impact, restraint, confinement or the threat thereof. Reasonable Belief— Reasonable believe is fact or circumstances the officers knows, or should know, are such as to cause an ordinary and prudent person to act or think in a similar way under similar circumstances. Serious Physical Injury — Serious physical injury is bodily injury that creates a substantial risk of death; cause serious, permanent disfigurement; or results in along -term loss or impairment of the functioning of any bodily member or organ. IV. POLICY It shall be the policy of the Fayetteville Police Department that its officers shall not use more force in any situation than is reasonably necessary under the circumstances. [CALEA 1.3.1] 1.3.1 Use of Force Page 1 of 8 2 A. Use of Deadly Force 1. An officer may use deadly force to protect him or others if he has reasonable belief of immediate threat of death or serious physical injury [CALEA 1.3.2]. 2. The use of deadly force should be prohibited in the apprehension of misdemeanants, since the value of human life far outweighs the gravity of a misdemeanor offense. 3. Deadly force shall never be used on mere suspicion that a crime, no matter how serious, was committed or that the person being pursued committed the crime. An officer shall either have witnessed the crime or have sufficient information to know, as a virtual certainty, that the suspect committed an offense for which the use of deadly force is permissible. 4. Officers shall not be permitted to fire at felony suspects when the officer believes that the suspect can be apprehended reasonably soon thereafter without the use of deadly force or when there is substantial danger to innocent bystanders. Although the requirement of using lesser force, when possible, is a legal rule, the other limitations are based on sound public policy. To risk the life of innocent persons for the purpose of apprehending a felon cannot be justified. 5. Officers shall not discharge a firearm at or from a moving vehicle except as the ultimate measure of self-defense or defense of another person. 6. Officers shall not fire their weapons to kill, but rather to stop and incapacitate an assailant from completing a potentially deadly act. For maximum stopping effectiveness and minimal danger to innocent bystanders, the officer should shoot at "center body mass". 7. An officer may use deadly force to effect the capture or prevent the escape if the officer reasonably believes that the suspect has committed a felony involving the use or threatened use of deadly force and the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious physical injury to the officer or others. 8. In order to protect the community's interest when officers may have exceeded the scope of their authority in the use of deadly force and to shield officers who have not exceeded the scope of their authority from possible confrontations with the community, officers whose actions or use of force in an official capacity results in death or serious physical injury shall be relieved from line -duty assignment pending administrative review. [CALEA 1.3.8] 9. The killing of an animal is justified by the following conditions: a. For self-defense, b. To prevent substantial harm to the officer or another, or c. When the animal is so badly injured that humanity requires its relief from further suffering d. A seriously wounded or injured animal may be destroyed upon approval from a supervisor. e. The destruction of vicious animals should be guided by the same rules set forth for self-defense and safety of others. f. A use of force form and memorandum to the officer's direct supervisor shall be completed when an animal is killed. 1.3.1 Use of Force Page 2 of 8 3 B. Use of Physical Force and Less -Lethal Weapons All police officers of the Fayetteville Police Department are directed to obtain defensive tactics training and certification to carry and use the departmental authorized less -lethal weapons. Officers will be issued copies of 1.3.1 and will be instructed in this policy. [CALEA 1.3.12] Defensive tactics and less -lethal weapons provide officers with additional use of force options for gaining compliance of resistant or aggressive individuals in arrest and other enforcement situations that occur in the line of duty. It shall be the policy of the Fayetteville Police Department that officers use defensive tactics and less -lethal weapons when warranted, but only in accordance with guidelines set forth in section 1.3.4. All departmentally approved less -lethal devices are deployed as additional police tools and are not intended to replace firearms or self-defense techniques. Officers choosing to use these devices should not compromise their safety. C. Firearms 1. Issuance of "Use of Force" policy: All officers of the Fayetteville Police Department shall be issued individual copies of and receive instruction on the department's policy regarding use of deadly force prior to being issued a firearm [CALEA 1.3.12]. Officers will receive in-service training on the department's use of force policy on an annual basis [CALEA 1.3.11]. 2. Proficiency in Use of Agency -Authorized Firearms: Qualification with the issued service weapon is an essential job function of a Fayetteville Police Officer. Failure to qualify may result in the imposition of discipline, up to an including termination of employment. Additionally, failure to qualify with any other department -approved weapon would prohibit that officer from being allowed to carry that particular weapon [CALEA 1.3.10]. A certified weapons instructor shall conduct training and qualification [CALEA 1.3.11 a]. a. Officers shall qualify with the issued service weapon four times each year, at least one of which will meet the Arkansas Law Enforcement Standards and Training (ALETA) Standard Qualification Course of Fire for one target [CALEA 1.3.11 b.] b. On all other qualification relays, officers shall qualify with a score equal to or better than the established standard set by the Chief of Police in consultation with the Firearms Instructor. c. Officers certified on the department -approved shotgun or rifle shall qualify annually. d. All firearms training and qualification scores, including remedial training if necessary, will be documented and maintained by the firearms division until an officer separates from the department [CALEA 1.3.11 b]. 1.3.1 Use of Force Page 3 of 8 4 1) An officer who fails to qualify with his/her issued handgun, shotgun, or rifle after two consecutive attempts shall be referred for immediate remedial training by a certified firearms instructor. 2) The firearms instructor providing the remedial training shall notify the officer's immediate supervisor and the Chief of Police in the event the officer is still unable to qualify at the conclusion of the extra training session. a) Upon notification an officer has failed to qualify with their issued handgun, the supervisor shall immediately relieve the unqualified officer of the issued handgun and patrol duty, with pay. The unqualified officer will be directed to report to the training division the next working day for additional remedial training. The officer's authority to carry a firearm shall remain revoked until such time as the officer qualifies or that the determination is made that the officer is not responding to further training [CALEA 1.3.11 c]. b) Upon notification an officer has failed to qualify with a shotgun or rifle, the officer's authority to carry the firearm shall remain revoked until such time the officer qualifies. It shall be the responsibility of the officer to schedule additional remedial training and qualifications. e. Any officer who fails to qualify with their issued handgun, and receives remedial training more than once during a calendar year, shall be subject to disciplinary action. If an unqualified officer does not satisfactorily respond to remedial training and remains unqualified, the Chief of Police shall be notified in writing. f. Officers shall attain and demonstrate knowledge of the laws concerning the use of firearms and be familiar with and recognize safe -handling procedures for the use of these weapons. g. Any officer returning to duty after an absence exceeding three months shall report to the training division for remedial training and qualification prior to being permitted to return to full duty. 3. Except for general maintenance, storage or authorized training, officers shall not draw or exhibit their firearm unless circumstances create strong reasonable cause to believe that it may be necessary to lawfully use the weapon in conformance with other sections of this policy. 4. Warning Shots: Officers are not justified in using a firearm to fire a warning shot for any purpose. Warning shots endanger the lives of innocent bystanders and may also prompt a suspect to return fire [CALEA 1.3.3]. 5. Off -Duty Possession of Weapons: It shall be the policy of the Fayetteville Police Department to permit full-time sworn members of the department to possess and carry a concealed weapon while off-duty within the corporate limits of Fayetteville. Officers should also be aware that Federal Law, known as the Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act of 2004, provides certified law enforcement officers with the right to carry a concealed firearm in any jurisdiction of the United States. a. Officers are not required to carry a weapon while off-duty but may do so at their option. 1.3.1 Use of Force Page 4 of 8 5 b. Officers exercising the option to carry a weapon while off-duty are authorized to carry their issued weapon. c. Authorization for officers to carry weapons while off-duty shall be subject to the following conditions: 1) Officers will be required to have in their possession the department -issued badge and official identification card. 2) Officers in plain clothes wearing their firearms exposed to the public view shall display their department badge near the firearm in a manner that is clearly visible to the public unless special circumstances exist. 3) Officers who choose to carry a weapon other than one issued by the police department shall qualify to demonstrate proficiency in the use of that weapon on an annual basis at their own expense. 6. Department -Issued Weapons and Ammunition: Reference may be made to section 41.3.5 for specifications of department -issued weapons and ammunition. a. All department -issued firearms will be inspected on an annual basis by a certified armorer and must be approved by the armorer before being issued and/or carried [CALEA 1.3.9 c,d,e]. 1) The firearms division will maintain weapons inspections reports. 2) Weapons deemed irreparable will be removed from service with a report indicating such status. 3) The firearms division will maintain a record on all weapons in service to include inspection date(s) and maintenance. b. Officer Responsibility for Department -Issued Firearm 1) Officers must take reasonable and adequate care of any firearm issued to them. 2) In the event a firearm is lost, damaged, destroyed or stolen, the officer may be subject to financial liability and/or dismissed if a preponderance of evidence establishes negligence or willful destruction or damage of the firearm by the officer. 3) In the event of the loss of department -issued firearm, the officer will immediately notify the shift supervisor who will in turn notify the Chief of Police. The supervisor will also notify local law enforcement authorities of the firearm loss and ensure that the loss is reported through the department's ACIC/NCIC terminal. 4) Officers may choose to leave their issued handgun(s) in their locked lockers at the department. If officers choose to remove their issued handgun(s) from the department while off duty, it is recommended they be stored in a locked box, separate from the ammunition [CALEA 1.3.9 f]. 7. Discharge of Weapon: If an officer, on or off duty, fires a department -issued weapon while acting in his official capacity (except for training purposes such as range qualifications) or in the event of an accidental discharge, the officer shall comply with the following: a. The officer who fired the weapon shall notify the shift supervisor as soon as practicable after the firing has taken place. b. The supervisor shall make a preliminary investigation each time an officer under his command fires a weapon. 1.3.1 Use of Force Page 5 of 8 6 c. The supervisor shall cause a report to be filed immediately with the Chief of Police regarding the firing of any weapon by police personnel [CALEA 1.3.6 a.]. d. If during the performance of duty or on any occasion an officer fires a weapon and in doing so wounds or kills a suspect or perpetrator of a crime, the following procedure is to be followed immediately: 1) Medical aid, to the extent possible, should be given to anyone injured [CALEA 1.3.5]. 2) The shift supervisor is to be notified immediately. 3) The shift supervisor will notify the Chief of Police immediately. 4) A shooting team, the members of which will be designated by the Chief of Police, will be called to the scene. 5) The shooting team will be responsible for conducting a thorough investigation into the circumstances surrounding the shooting. The shooting team will, at the conclusion of the investigation, submit a report to the Chief of Police including relevant facts and circumstances surrounding the incident and a conclusion as to whether the discharge violates departmental policy. 6) The shooting team will be functioning with the full authority of the Chief of Police. The team will be in complete control of the internal investigation. All officers, including shift supervisors, shall give the team their full cooperation. No one shall interfere with such an investigation. 7) If the facts of the incident support a conclusion that the shot was the result of negligence, the officer shall be required to undergo firearms certification training again. h. Firearms - The Fayetteville Police, Department authorizes the following weapons and will govern proficiency requirements as follows for each weapon. Only agency personnel demonstrating proficiency in the use of agency -authorized weapons shall be approved to carry such weapons [CALEA 1.3.10]: 1) Each officer will be assigned and issued a service weapon that will be either the Glock model 35 .40 caliber semi-automatic pistol or the Glock model 23-C .40 caliber semi-automatic pistol [CALEA 1.3.9 a.]: a) Officers must meet the qualification standards for their issued service weapon as previously stated in this policy [CALEA 1.3.11 b.] . 2) The rifle will be a AR 15 type short barrel rifle (SBR 11.5 inch barrel ) or carbine (16 inch barrel) capable of semi-automatic fire in caliber 5.56 mm (.223 caliber) magazine fed. This rifle will be either of the A2 type with fixed carry handle with iron sights only, or the A3 flat top equipped with an Eo -Tec holographic sight and co -witness flip up iron sights [CALEA 1.3.9 a.]: a) The AR15 rifle will be authorized for Emergency Response Team (ERT) members and for other selected sworn members of the department. b) AR15 operators will be certified by the department with a 1.3.1 Use of Force Page 6 of 8 7 minimum of 40 hours of training on the AR 15 type rifle and must pass a qualification course using both types of sights annually [CALEA 1.3.11 b.]. 3) Shotguns will be Remington 11-87 gas operated semi-automatic 12 gauge shotguns. They will be. either 14 inch barreled or 20. inch barreled. The Remington 870 12 gauge pump action shotgun used by ERT .may be deployed using specialized ammunition as determined by the ERT Team Commander [CALEA :1.3.9.a.]: a) Shotguns will be authorized for ERT members and for sworn officers. b) Shotgun operators will have completed a 16 hour training course and.be certified.as a shotgun operator by the department. Shotgun:operators must pass a qualification:course annually [CALEA 1.311 b.]. 4) Marksmen rifles will be either the Remington model 700 LTR bolt action .308 caliber or -the AR10 style semi-automatic, gas operated, magazine fed .308 caliber rifle [CALEA 1.3.9 a.]: a) Marksmen rifles will be authorized for selected ERT members. b) Marksmen rifle operators will be required annually to qualify with each type of Marksmen rifle on a prescribed course or courses of fire [CALEA 1.3.11 b.] 5) Officers assigned to the 4th Judicial District Drug Task Force (DTF) will be authorized,to carry the Smith and Wesson model 342 5 shot .38 special revolver [CALEA 1.3.9 a.]: a) DTF officers issued this weapon will qualify annually on a qualification course designed for this firearm [CALEA 1.3.11 b.] 6) The aforementioned weapons when not in operation, other than department issued handguns, must be locked and stored in approved department arsenals or safes. While on duty, rifles and shotguns in marked patrol vehicles shall be carried in approved locking mechanisms. Officers will follow storage guidelines in this policy that apply to issued handguns [CALEA 1.3.9 f.]. Use of Force Reports: The purpose of this section is to establish specific guidelines that define the situation when a Use of Force Report must be completed. Not every touching by an officer requires a report; circumstances that require a report are outlined in this section [CALEA 1.3.6]. All officers are directed to complete a Use of Force Report when the following criteria are met and turn it in to his supervisor before the end of his shift: 1) Situations that require supervisor notification and completion of the Use of Force Report [Calea 1.3.6 b, c, d]: 1.3.1 Use of Force Page 7 of 8 8 a) An officer exercising police authority uses force which causes death or any visible or apparent physical injury, or which results in the subject saying that he or she was injured. b) An officer exercising police authority uses any object including but not limited to a hand, fist, foot or intermediate weapon to strike a blow to a subject. c) An officer exercising police authority bodily removes or drags a struggling subject from one place to another, or forcibly places or keeps a person in a prone position. d) An officer exercising police authority uses force during or after which a subject loses consciousness. e) An officer uses any intermediate weapon. f) An officer discharges a firearm, regardless of duty status and regardless of whether the discharge was accidental or intentional. (Exception: range activity and other lawful and safe target practice) [CALEA 1.3.6 a.] g) An officer points a firearm at anyone. 2) Officers should photograph and document any injury, or reported injury, on the Use of Force Report. 3) Use of Force Reports will be submitted by the shift supervisor to the department's administration [CALEA 1.3.7]: a. Each Use of Force Report will be reviewed by the division's respective captain and by the Chief's designated head of Office of Professional Standards (OPS) [CALEA 1.3.7]. b. The designated head of OPS will conduct an annual review and analysis of all Use.of Force Reports and submit a report to the Chief of Police [CALEA 1.3.13]. 1.3.1 Use of Force Page 8 of 8 FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND RULES Subject: 84.1.1 Property Management; Acquired & In -Custody Effective Date: March 17, 2009 Reference: Version: 1 • CALEA: 84 No. Pages: 6 I. PURPOSE The purpose of this directive is to establish a property management system for property acquired by and in custody of the Fayetteville Police Department. II. POLICY The Fayetteville Police Department will establish and maintain a property management system that will ensure continuity and consistency in the control and accountability of all evidence, lost and found property, and seized property, as well as all items retained for safekeeping or investigations in its custody. This policy sets forth strict measures for the handling, security, and disposition of all such property in department custody. A. Control of Property 1. Control: The department Property and Evidence Division shall maintain exclusive control and accountability of all found, recovered, and seized property, items kept for safekeeping, and evidentiary property. a. In no event will officers store evidence in their personal lockers or desk. b. All officers coming in possession of found, recovered, and or seized property, items for safekeeping, or evidentiary property shall record such property by way of an incident report, evidence submission or receipt form before going off duty{ [CALEA 84.1.1 a,c]I. In addition, all officers shall deliver the property to Property and Evidence personnel] as defined within this policy before going off duty [CALEA 84.1.1 b]. c. The department recognizes exceptional circumstances may be present during which property might not be submitted to the Property and Evidence personnel before the officer goes off duty. In such circumstances, in order to preserve the proper chain of custody, the officer should notify his supervisor, who will ensure another officer maintains the property in question until such time it can be presented to Property and Evidence personnel [CALEA 84.1.1 b]. 84.1.1 Property Management Page 1 of 6 2. Submission of Evidence: Fayetteville Police Department personnel, with, regard to all evidence, lost and found property, seized property, and items retained for safekeeping or investigations will follow these guidelines [CALEA 84.1.1 d.]: a. Properly package each item; b. Items with blood and/or other bodily fluids should be air dried to prevent cross contamination before being properly packaged; c. Similar items may be packaged together; d. Certain types of items require additional security measures while stored in evidence. For that reason, the following.items shall be packaged separately [CALEA 84.1.1 e.]: (1) Narcotics/drugs; (2) Firearms; (3) Money, and; (4) Jewelry; e. Properly label/identify each item on a Fayetteville Police Department Property and Evidence Submission Form; f. If submission occurs at a time when Property and Evidence personnel are not present, officers and other personnel will secure the evidence in an evidence locker [CALEA 84.1.3], and; g. If submission of biological and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) related evidence requiring refrigeration occurs at a time when the Property and Evidence personnel are not present, officers and other personnel will secure the 'evidence in the refrigerated evidence locker [CALEA 84.1.3]. 3. Accountability: The utilization of property logs, property and evidence submission forms, inventories and other documents, shall ensure all records provide an up-to-date and correct accountability of found, recovered, items held for investigation, safekeeping and evidentiary property. The following information should be either placed on a Fayetteville Police Department Property and Evidence Form or recorded in the system by way of a receipt form or incident report for each item of evidence [CALEA 84.1.5]: a. Location of property within the department; b. Date and time property was received and subsequently released; c. Description, type and amount of property on hand; d. Chain of custody from the time property was received until final disposition should be maintained by an Evidence Submission Form, receipt form or incident report. There may be circumstances in which an item of property is not turned over to Property and Evidence personnel. These circumstances shall be documented in the incident repori4 and_th'e prope receipt form, for example: • Items returned immediately at the scene of collection; • Items sent to the State Crime Lab before it was entered as evidence (Property Evidence Submission Form required); and • Items going to the Criminal Investigation Division and returned to owner. e. The date and results of all inspections, inventories, and audits of record. 4. Property and Evidence Manager for Found, Recovered and Evidentiary Property: The Property and Evidence manager shall be designated as property custodian and held accountable for all property accepted by and stored in the department's property storage areas. 84.1.1 Property Management Page 2 of 6 5. Receipt of Package Deliveries: Property and Evidence personnel are responsible for receiving all deliveries from the Arkansas Crime Lab. An entry should be made in the evidence tracking system indicating the receipt of the number of unopened packages. 6. Right of Refusal: Property and Evidence personnel will have the right to refuse acceptance of any item submitted improperly. Property and Evidence personnel will notify the appropriate supervisor and make arrangements for the submitting officer to make necessary corrections. B. Appointment of New Evidence Manager - In the event a new Property and Evidence manager is appointed, a joint inventory with the new manager, a designee of the Chief of Police and the outgoing property manager shall be held to ensure proper documentation and accountability [CALEA 84.1.6 b]. 1. The purpose of such an inventory shall be to guarantee the continuity of custody and ensure the system's integrity and property accountability. 2. The incoming Property and Evidence manager shall ensure all records are up-to-date and properly annotated. 3. All discrepancies shall be documented prior to the transfer of property accountability to the incoming Property and Evidence manager. C. Inspection and Inventory — 1. The Chief of Police shall require the Property and Evidence manager to conduct a semi- annual inspection of recovered and evidentiary property to ensure adherence to procedure [CALEA 84.1.6 a]. This inspection shall verify the following: a. Department orders and directives concerning property management are being followed; b. Property is stored in such a manner as to protect it from damage and deterioration; c. Proper accountability procedures are being maintained; and d. Property having no further evidentiary value is being disposed of promptly. 2. The Chief of Police shall require an annual inventory of property and evidence held by the police department. This inventory will be conducted by the Chief of Police, or a designee not routinely or directly connected with control of the Property and Evidence Division [CALEA 84.1.6 c]. This inventory may be conducted with the assistance of the Property and Evidence Division personnel. 3. Unannounced inspections of the property storage areas should be held when the Chief of Police so directs, but at least once a year [CALEA 84.1.6 d]: a. The Chief of Police shall appoint an individual and a time period to conduct spot inspections. 84.1. l Property Management Page 3 of 6 b. Property accountability and security procedures shall receive primary attention during spot inspections. c. The majority of the spot inspection shall consist of a random comparison of records with actual property items. 4. The Property and Evidence manager shall conduct an inventory count whenever a change in Property and Evidence personnel occurs. D. Disposition of Found, Recovered, Seized and Evidentiary Property [CALEA 84.1.1 g] 1. All attempts shall be made to return found and recovered stolen property to its rightful owners [GALEA 84.1.1 f]. 2. Evidentiary property may be returned to the owner prior to the court case with written permission from the prosecutor, lead investigator, or judge. 3. Recovered or evidentiary property returned should be photographed when possible. This photograph should include the person receiving the item, or the item with a valid driver's license or government issued identification of the person receiving the item. 4. Final disposition of all found, recovered, seized and evidentiary property shall be accomplished within six months after legal requirements have been satisfied. If the property in question is not returned to the owner, the Property and Evidence manager will obtain a court order to have property converted to departmental use, sold at auction or destroyed [CALEA 84.1.8]. 5. Evidentiary property may be checked out to officers for court purposes. A record of chain of custody will be maintained by the Property and Evidence manager. Officers are required to maintain the proper chain of custody with the evidence, return it to the Property and Evidence Division after court, and provide the Property and Evidence manager with written correspondence to account for any items taken bythe court as exhibits [CALEA 84.1.1 g.]. 6. Evidentiary property may be checked out to officers for purposes of examination. A record of chain of custody will be maintained by the Property and Evidence manager. Officers are required to maintain the proper chain of custody with the evidence and return it to the Property and Evidence Division after examination. Officers may temporarily lock property in approved lockers/cabinets within the CID lab but must maintain sole control of the respective key. [GALEA 84.1.1 g]. E. Training Aids [CALEA 84.1.4] - Narcotic detection training for police canines is vital to ensure the success of the canine program. The following procedures will be adhered to in order to ensure strict and correct accountability of narcotic training aids. 1. Each canine handler or trainer will check out narcotic training aids from the Property and Evidence Division as needed. The Property and Evidence manager will maintain records of these transactions as detailed below: 84.1.1 Property Management Page 4 of 6 a. Training aids shall be packaged and prepared by Property and Evidence personnel in the following manner: • The substance will be weighed and contained in a double heat -sealed plastic package; • The package will contain a clearly visible label identifying the substance, its weight, the date and time of packaging and the signature of the Evidence manager and witness; and • The label will have a specific training aid number unique to each training aid package. b. Property and Evidence personnel will issue seized narcotics that have been adjudicated by the court for use in canine training. • The narcotic training aids should be removed from use in training at least every year and replaced with recently adjudicated narcotic items if possible. 2. A logbook will be created by the Property and Evidence manager and will be utilized to maintain a record of the training aid packages. a. It shall be the canine handler or trainer's responsibility to show Property and Evidence personnel the narcotic training aid packages every 30 days. Each package will be detailed in the logbook indicating the substance, training aid number and handler to whom the item is checked out. b. Each package logged out to the canine handler or trainer will be checked against the logbook entry and for any apparent tampering or damage. c. Property and Evidence personnel will sign and note the date and time of the inspection for each entry in the logbook. d. Property and Evidence personnel will fully inspect the training aid packages to ensure their integrity. If any questions arise in reference to this inspection, the training aids will be logged into evidence and the canine supervisor will be notified. e. If Property and Evidence personnel suspects the training aids to have been tampered with or if they are missing, the patrol captain will be notified immediately and will cause a complaint to be filed with the Office of Professional Standards. f. If the packaging appears to have minor damage but the integrity is intact, Property and Evidence personnel will repackage the training aid and notify the patrol captain. F. Storage of Property, Found, Recovered, Seized, Safekeeping, Investigations and Evidentiary Property [CALEA 84.1.1 e.] 1. Storage: All property stored by the department shall be held in designated secure areas [CALEA 84.1.2]. Items of in -custody property that, by their very nature, require extra security shall be stored in separate and locked locations within the evidence room, i.e. narcotic and dangerous drugs, firearms, money and distinguishably expensive jewelry [GALEA 84.1.1 e.]. 2. Access: Access to all recovered and evidentiary property storage areas will be strictly limited to authorized personnel to prevent the alteration, unauthorized removal, theft, or other compromise of property stored by the department [CALEA 84.1.2]. 84.1.1 Property Management Page 5 of 6 3. Narcotics: a. Storage of narcotics and dangerous drugs shall be the responsibility of Property and Evidence personnel. b. Narcotic and dangerous drug evidence (capsules, pills, etc.) shall be counted and weighed by the submitting officer. The substance will then be sealed in a tamper- proof protective packaging and initialed by the officer on the seal. All drug evidence handled by the Fourth Judicial District Drug Task Force should have a Property and Evidence Submission Form completed prior to submission to the State Crime Lab. This form must be submitted to Property and Evidence personnel for entry into the system. 4. Perishable Items: All perishable items of evidence, such as blood or urine specimens, should be stored in a secure refrigerator in the evidence room whenever possible so their properties will be as unchanged as possible before they are examined in a laboratory or presented in court. 5. Money: Any time money is inventoried or seized, it should be counted in front of the person(s) from whom it is being taken. If this is not possible, the "two-man" rule will apply. In other words, a minimum of two officers will count the money and sign both the receipt and submission form. The money should be packaged separately from other evidence items. The amount and denomination of the currency should be recorded on a tally sheet. The tally sheet should be completed prior to removing it from the point of seizure and then attached to a submission form. 6. Vehicles or Other Large Items: All vehicles or other large items seized as evidence in drug investigations or other felony crimes should have a Property and Evidence Submission Form completed and turned in to Property and Evidence personnel. Property and Evidence personnel will arrange to have the vehicle or other large items•securedin the department authorized off -sight facility!, 7. Evidence Not To Be Destroyed: a. Felony evidence listed below shall not be disposed of: • Homicide (solved or unsolved); • When suspect is incarcerated and an appeal is possible; • When no suspect and the statute of limitations has not yet run; or • Evidence is part of a suspected serial crime. b. Misdemeanor evidence listed below shall not be disposed of: • Property has not yet been held past the 30 -day appeal period after the final disposition has been entered; or • The statute of limitations has not yet run. 84.1.1 Property Management Page 6 of 6 FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND RULES Subject: 42.1.1 Criminal Investigations Effective Date: May 1, 2012 Reference: 44.1.1, 82.1.1 Version: 1 CALEA: 42 No. Pages: 6 I. PURPOSE The purpose of this directive is to establish procedures relating to the Fayetteville Police Department's Criminal Investigation function. This policy will provide guidance to both uniformed officers and officers specializing in investigations. II. POLICY A. Administration 1. Fayetteville Police Department will provide and support 24-hour service capabilities for its various criminal investigation functions [CALEA 42.1.1]: a. Supervisors assigned to each criminal investigation function of the police department will manage and maintain call -out protocol to include an on-call investigator duty roster. b. Prior to assignment to an investigative position, officers must understand the importance and necessity of an on-call function and agree and accept their individual role in this function. 2. Fayetteville Police Department will utilize a computerized case file management system to manage reports and investigations [CALEA 42.1.3 a.], [CALEA 82.1.5]: a. Information regarding status of cases will be systematically recorded and updated by employees assigned to the investigative divisions and overseen by investigation supervisors. b. Investigators will determine the status of each case [CALEA 42.1.3 b.]: 1. Open/Active- Indicates a report has been submitted and may be, or has been, assigned for investigation. 2. Cleared by Arrest- A suspect has been identified and arrested. 3. Cleared by Exception- The case has been investigated to a satisfactory conclusion. 4. Inactive- All available leads have been exhausted, but the case has not been brought to a satisfactory conclusion. 5. Unfounded- Investigation has determined the offense did not occur. c. Case files should contain preliminary investigative reports, records of statements, results of examinations of physical evidence, case status reports, and other reports needed for investigative purposes [CALEA 42.1.3 c.]. d. Case files will be maintained, updated, and primarily accessed by assigned investigators. Case files must be secured when not in use [CALEA 42.1.3 d.]. e. Case files will only be purged under court order or in compliance with State or Federal guidelines [CALEA 42.1.3 e.]. 42.1.1 Criminal Investigation Page 1 of 6 f. When closed or inactive case files are removed from CID for storage purposes, the case files will become the responsibility of the Records Division. The Records Division will maintain the case files in the off-site storage area and will be secured by padlock independent from the overall facility. The key .will be maintained by the Records Coordinator and checked out to authorized personnel as needed [CALEA 82.1.1b.]. 3. The following guidelines will apply to the intelligence function of the Fayetteville Police Department [CALEA 42.1.6]: a. The intelligence function of the Fayetteville Police Department will be maintained by the Criminal Investigation Division (CID). The administration of the intelligence function will be overseen by the lieutenant assigned to CID [CALEA 42.1.6 a.]. b. The Fayetteville Police Department expects and requires that all levels of agency personnel value information that may be categorized as intelligence and report such information according to the requirements of this policy. All levels of sworn officers are required to report on intelligence matters to the CID. Non -sworn personnel may seek the assistance of sworn officers to collect and report information, or depending on the circumstances of the reporting person, non -sworn personnel of the police department may collect the information and report it to the CID [CALEA 42.1.6 b.]. c. Training for sworn personnel on the identification, reporting, and dissemination of intelligence will be accomplished during the Field Training Officer Program [CALEA 42.1.6 c.]. d. The CID lieutenant is responsible for the analysis, security, storage, and dissemination of intelligence information. The CID lieutenant will safeguard the integrity of all intelligence files, ensure that legal requirements are being followed, and ensure the security of these files. Intelligence files will be maintained separately from other agency records to prevent compromise of the integrity of the file system [CALEA 42.1.6 d]. e. The CID lieutenant will ensure that intelligence information will be limited to criminal conduct and activities presenting a threat to the community [CALEA 42.1.6 e]. f. Legal and privacy requirements of the intelligence function will be maintained by the CID lieutenant [CALEA 42.1.6 f]. g. The CID lieutenant will ensure that vital intelligence information is acted upon and successfully disseminated or transferred to corresponding components within the police department and to outside agencies and components where that information is practical, vital, as well as legally required [CALEA 42.1.6 g]. h. Intelligence information believed to be out of date or incorrect will be purged under the authority of the CID lieutenant [CALEA 42.1.6 h]. i. An annual review of procedures and processes of the intelligence function will be overseen by the CID lieutenant [CALEA 42.1.6 i]. B. Operations 1. Officers in every assignment of the department shall value the importance of each investigation. The following steps will be considered in the preliminary investigation and documented when applicable [CALEA 42.2.1]: a. Securing the scene; b. Providing aid, to the extent possible, to the injured; c. Maintaining and protecting the crime scene and arranging for the collection of evidence [GALEA 42.2.1 c.]; d. Observing all conditions, events, and remarks [CALEA 42.2.1 a.]; 42.1.1 Criminal Investigation Page 2 of 6 e. Locating and/or identifying witnesses and suspects [CALEA 42.2.1 b.]; f. Interviewing and obtaining statements from complainants, witnesses, and suspects [CALEA 42.2.1 d.]; g. Determining whether an offense has been committed and the exact nature of the offense; h. Effecting an arrest at the scene or through immediate pursuit of the suspect; i. Furnishing other units with descriptions, method, direction of flight, and other relevant information; j. Accurately recording all pertinent information using prescribed reporting methods. 2. The following steps will be considered when conducting follow-up investigations and will be completed when applicable [CALEA 42.2.2]: a. Reviewing and analyzing all previous reports prepared in the preliminary phase, departmental records, and results from laboratory examinations [CALEA 42.2.2 a.]; b. Conducting additional interviews and interrogations [CALEA 42.2.2 b.]; c. Seeking additional information from uniformed officers and informants [CALEA 42.2.2 c.]; d. Planning, organizing, conducting searches, and collecting, preserving, analyzing, and evaluating evidence [CALEA 42.2.2 d.]; e. Identifying and apprehending suspects [CALEA 42.2.2 e.]; f. Determining suspect involvement in other crimes [CALEA 42.2.2 f.]; g. Determining in detail the exact circumstances of the offense; h. Checking suspects' criminal histories [CALEA 42.2.2 g.]; i. Recovering stolen property; j. Maintaining contact with case principals [CALEA 55.2.4]; k. Reporting information obtained in investigations in accordance with departmental reporting methods; 1. Preparing cases for court presentation [CALEA 42.2.2 h.]. 3. Officers of the Fayetteville Police Department must understand that persons must be afforded certain constitutional rights in respect to interrogation and access to counsel [CALEA 1.2.3 b, c]: a. Interrogation refers not only to express questioning, but also to any words or actions on the part of the police, other than those normally associated with arrest and custody, that the police should know are reasonably likely to elicit an incriminating response from a suspect. b. When questioning a person in custody, officers shall provide the person with Miranda Rights. (For juveniles, see FPD 44.1.1.) c. Upon a person invoking their right to counsel, officers shall cease any line of questioning relating to an alleged criminal offense. Once a person has invoked their right to counsel, an interrogation may precede only in the following two scenarios: the interrogation is conducted in the presence of an attorney, or the person that has invoked his rights makes a self -initiated declaration to the officer that he wants to initiate further communications, exchanges, or conversations with the police. Prior to any discussion pertaining to an alleged criminal offense when a person makes a self -initiated declaration after having invoked his rights to counsel, the officer should discuss clearly and openly with the person that he invoked his rights to an attorney, is under no obligation to answer questions, and is entering discussion with the officer at his or her own prerogative and direction. 4. For each long-term multi -jurisdictional investigative task force of which the department is a participant, the department will ensure it maintains a directive that includes the following criteria [CALEA 42.2.5]: 42.1.1 Criminal Investigation Page 3 of 6 a. a written purpose [CALEA 42.2.5 a.]; b. defining authority, responsibilities, and written agreements [CALEA 42.2.5 b.]; c. evaluating results and the need for continued operations [CALEA 42.2.5 c.]. 5. The following rules shall apply to the department's use of technical aids for the detection of deception [CALEA 42.2.6]: a. The Chief of Police may choose from a variety of devices used for the detection of deception; b. Use of these devices will be restricted to trained personnel that have graduated from the accepted training institutions and have demonstrated sound fundamentals in the use of equipment; c. Testing of juveniles requires both the consent of the juvenile and the juvenile's parent or legal guardian 6. The following procedures shall apply to uniform and non -uniformed personnel utilizing designated interview and interrogation rooms [CALEA 42.2.10]: a. In the presence of persons being interviewed, officers shall not enter the interview room with their firearms but may retain possession of other less -lethal weapons. Firearms shall be locked in departmental provided lock boxes [CALEA 42.2.10 a.]. b. Detainees and arrested persons should be searched prior to being placed in an interview room. The room should be searched prior to and after the person has been in the room. Consideration shall also be given for possession of firearms to persons not under arrest [CALEA 42.2.10 b.]. c. A detainee is under the immediate officer's care until that time he has verbally or physically relinquished control of the detainee to another officer, either for the purposes of interviews or transport [CALEA 42.2.10 b.]. d. During interviews, there should normally be no more than one suspect and two investigators in the interview room. An exception to this rule is that suspects are afforded legal representation [CALEA 42.2.10 c.]. e. All officers are provided with portable radios, and investigators are provided with cellular phones. Prior to interviews, officers should ensure they are equipped with one or the other as a means for summoning assistance. Interview rooms are equipped with real time audio and video. Officers and/or supervisors should be assigned to monitor video as an extra precaution dj.iring interviews of subjects in cases involving extraordinary security concerns. After hours, officers and detectives should make shift supervisors assigned to the station aware of interviews taking place [CALEA 42.2.10 d.]. f. Supervisors are responsible for maintaining minimal furnishings in the interview rooms and should see that the rooms remain uncluttered. Interview rooms shall consist of one table and no more than three chairs. The soft interview room shall normally be used for interviewing victims and victims' family members. The soft interview room will consist of a table, two comfortable chairs, and no more than two additional chairs. All officers/detectives conducting interviews are responsible for inspection of the interview rooms and removal of hazardous items prior to interviews [CALEA 42.2.10 e.]. g. Officers/detectives conducting interviews and interrogations should ensure that persons are afforded adequate access to restrooms, water, and breaks [CALEA 42.2.10 f.]. h. Whenever practical, custodial interrogations should be electronically recorded. 7. Eyewitness identification is a frequently used investigative tool. The following is to establish procedures for the eyewitness identification of suspects through the use of photographic line-ups. 42.1.1 Criminal Investigation Page 4 of 6 This department does not utilize physical line-ups. A witness' degree of attention and their opportunity to view the criminal during the crime, the accuracy of a witness' prior description of the suspect and their overall confidence regarding witness statement and conduct, and the length of time between the crime and subsequent identification should be considered relevant observations in considering a line-up [CALEA 42.2.11]: a. Photograph line-ups will consist of a minimum of six individual photographs (six is recommended). Only one member of the photographic line-up will be a suspect in the case. Each member of a photographic line-up should resemble the witness's description of the suspect's significant features, such as: age, race, facial features, weight, build, and any unique or unusual features. If possible, the photograph should be recent and resemble the suspect's appearance at the time the offense was committed. Photographic line-ups should be compiled using the same quality of photo, i.e. all black and white or all color, and not a mixture [CALEA 42.2.11 a.]. b. If possible, photographic line-ups should be video and/or audio recorded [CALEA 42.2.11 b.]. c. If the same photographic line-up is to be presented to multiple witnesses, then those witnesses should be separated before and during the administration of the identification process [CALEA 42.2.11 c.]. d. Before a photographic line-up identification procedure begins, the witness should be informed that the offender may or may not be among the photographs shown. Also, before a photographic line-up identification procedure begins, the witness should be informed that they may take as much time as needed to review the line-up, and they are not required to make identification [CALEA 42.2.11 d.]. The officer presenting the line-up will be alert to the level of confidence expressed by the witness [CALEA 42.2.11 e.]. e. The officer presenting the line-up is prohibited from indicating in any way the identity of the suspect. The witness should understand that their contribution is important whether they can identify the suspect or not and that the investigation will continue [CALEA 42.2.11 f.]. f. All line-ups will be documented (along with the results) in a supplemental report added to the original investigative case file [CALEA 42.2.11 g.]. 8. Eyewitness identification is a frequently used investigative tool. The following is to establish procedures for the eyewitness identification of suspects through the use of show -ups or field identifications. Because of the inherent suggestiveness of these types of identifications, they should be avoided if possible. However, circumstances are not always conducive to preferable identification techniques and sometimes necessitate the use of these types of identifications. When these show -ups or field identifications are utilized, or considered for use, the following conditions should be considered: the witness' degree of attention and their opportunity to view the criminal during the crime, the amount of time that the suspect was detained and brought before the witness and the length of time since the incidents passing is reasonable, a photographic line-up is impractical, the accuracy of the witness' prior description of the suspect, and there is an immediate need to arrest the suspect [CALEA 42.2.12 a.]: a. If possible, show -up / field identification line-ups should be video and/or audio recorded. b. The witness should be transported to the suspect's location in a police vehicle [CALEA 42.2.12 b.]. 42.1.1 Criminal Investigation Page 5 of 6 c. if there are multiple witnesses, the v► ithdsto:sliauld b6 separate, l in order to• iew the show-up/field identification individually [CALEA 42.2.12 c.]. d. Before a show-up / field identification viewing, the witness should be advised the subject being viewed may not be the offender, and they are not required to make identification [CALEA 42.2.12 d.]. e. The officer presenting the line-up will be alert to both: the level of confidence expressed by the witness, and the level of certainty demonstrated by the witness at the identification. This information should be documented in the officer's report [CALEA 42.2.12 e.]. f. The officer presenting the show-up / field identification is prohibited from indicating in any way, the identity of the suspect. The witness should understand that their contribution is important whether they can identify the suspect or not and that the investigation will continue [CALEA 42.2.12 f.]. g. All show-ups / field identifications will be documented (along with the results) in an officer's report and included in the investigative case file [CALEA 42.2.12 g.]. 42.1.1 Criminal Investigation Page 6 of 6 FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND RULES Subject: 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Effective Date: Reference: Version: 1 CALEA: 83.1.1, 83.2.1, 83.2.2, 83.2.3, 83.2.4, 83.2.5, 83.2.6, 83.2.7a,b,c,d, 83.3.1, 83.3.2 No. Pages: 5 Purpose It is important the integrity of crime scenes be properly maintained and all items of evidence be collected, marked, maintained and processed in a professional manner to ensure court cases are not lost or overturned due to improper or incomplete police procedures. This policy shall apply to all members of the Fayetteville Police Department. II. Policy It is the policy of the Fayetteville Police Department to provide its employees with guidelines and procedures that incorporate the effective application of scientific methods for the collection and preservation process. III. Procedure A. Responsibilities: 1. The primary assigned officer is responsible for protecting a crime scene until relieved of the responsibility. Additional officers may be requested for larger or more complex scenes. 2. Personnel are subject to call out to crime scenes on a twenty-four (24) hour basis. A Criminal Investigation Division (CID) supervisor must approve requests for detectives and crime scene personnel [CALEA 83.1.1]. 3. A detective or an accident investigator called to the scene will direct the collection and preservation of evidence. 4. Officers assigned to a crime scene shall provide assistance to the detective or crime scene personnel as necessary to include providing scene security, media relations, crowd control or any other duties as directed. B. Crime Scene Processing: Patrol officers may process basic crime scenes. Crime scene personnel may process more complicated scenes or major case crime scenes. Basic steps for processing a crime scene may include but are not limited to [CALEA 83.2.1]: 1. Secure the scene: 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 1 of 5 a. On arrival to the scene, officers must locate and assist any person who is injured, ill or needs assistance. b. Officers shall initiate security measures to protect the scene. Officers must prevent unauthorized persons from entering the scene. A log should be kept of anyone entering/leaving a major crime scene. c. Officers should not touch, move or pick up objects or disturb in any manner any article, mark or impression that may be related to a major crime. An emergency exception to this rule may be made when it is necessary to protect officers and bystanders or to protect the integrity of the evidence. 2. Assess the scene and determine the scope of the investigation. 3. Conduct a detailed search to locate evidence. 4. Record the scene [CALEA 83.2.2]: a. Take notes of the location/condition of evidence. b. Diagrams will be completed at all accidents and major crime scenes. c. Photograph the evidence or video the scene if needed; photographic evidence will be completed at all major crime and accident scenes. Photographs and/or video should depict all possible elements of the crime. 5. If liquids or body fluids are present, they should be collected and labeled prior to processing for latent fingerprints due to contamination issues. 6. Process for latent fingerprint evidence [CALEA 83.2.3]: a. Officers shall use issued print kits to process for latent prints. b. Information about date, time and location the print was lifted shall be documented on the print card. c. Comparative prints should be taken from victims and witnesses if possible. d. Print lifts should be submitted into evidence using proper evidence submission procedures. 7. Collect/Package physical evidence [CALEA 83.2.1]: a. Each item of evidence should be placed in its own appropriate container and appropriately sealed. b. Documentation about the date, time and location the evidence was found and by whom should be placed on each container. c. When available for comparative purposes, a known sample of the material or substance should be collected, packaged and maintained [CALEA 83.3.1]. Examples include glass, hair, fibers, wood, soil, tool marks and paint. 8. Chain of custody/transfer of evidence in the field [CALEA 83.2.1]: a. Officers and crime scene personnel must maintain a strict chain of custody on all items of evidence, b. Personnel will document items of evidence collected by way of a CID 7 Receipt Form and/or Evidence Submission Form and in the incident report. c. Personnel providing evidence to another officer or crime scene 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 2 of 5 investigator in the field must ensure the receiving person acknowledges the transfer of evidence. d. Both the personnel providing the evidence and the personnel receiving the evidence in the field will be required to document the transfer of evidence in an incident report. 9. Submit all evidence to the evidence room using the proper evidence submission procedures [CALEA 83.2.1]. 10. An accurate synopsis of the evidence collection shall be included in an incident, accident or supplemental report and should include: [CALEA 83.2.I6,[ixt]] a. Date and time of arrival on scene; b. Specific list of evidentiary items collected; c. Listing of photographs and any measurements taken, and; d. Any other applicable documentation. C. Computer Related Evidence [ CALEA 83.2.5]: 1. Computers seized by department personnel shall be treated as evidence and processed according to the procedures outlined herein. 2. Absent exigent circumstances, only personnel who have been trained in computer seizures shall power off, disconnect, power on or access a computer system, recording device or recording media that is to be seized. 3. Only individuals who are trained in computer forensics shall examine computers, recording devices or recording media for the evidence contained therein. The Criminal Investigation Division shall be responsible for maintaining employees trained in computer investigations. 4. A CID supervisor shall be contacted when a computer is to be seized and processed. A computer forensic investigator may be assigned to assist in the seizure. D. DNA Evidence [CALEA 83.2.7]: 1. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as an investigative tool is a major factor in solving cases when the offender is unknown. DNA results can be produced from very small or degraded samples. Types of biological evidence containing DNA are blood, semen, tissue, bones, teeth, hair, nails, and saliva. 2. First responders to a crime scene with potential DNA evidence[CALEA 83.2.7a]: a. Officers and crime scene personnel should take notice of possible DNA evidence and initiate measures to protect it from contamination or being destroyed. b. Officers and crime scene personnel should use appropriate biohazard protective gear, if necessary, for personal safety and to avoid direct contact with blood or body fluids. 3. Collection of DNA Evidence [CALEA 83.2.7b]: 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 3 of 5 a. Tissue, blood stains and other body fluids: 1) Samples are recovered by swabbing or collection of the stained item itself. 2) The stain can be swabbed by using a sterile cotton swab or patch lightly moistened with distilled water. The swab/patch should be allowed to dry and placed in an envelope or other sterile container. 3) If the stained item can be collected, it should be packaged in a clean paper wrapper or wrap. If the stain is wet, allow it to air dry before packaging. 4) Each item of evidence will be labeled, marked and packaged individually and properly submitted to the Property and Evidence Division. 5) Collected items containing suspected DNA material should never be placed in plastic. b. DNA samples from persons (Buccal Swab) [CALEA 1.2.8 a.]: 1) A buccal swab is a search of a subject's mouth that maybe collected by an officer, detective, or crime scene personnel, only by consent or search warrant. 2) To obtain a buccal swab, a sterile cotton swab should be rubbed vigorously on the inside cheek lining (both right and left cheek) of a person for 20-30 seconds. The sample should be allowed to dry, placed into a swab box or similar container, properly labeled and submitted to the Property/Evidence Room. 3) Buccal swabs should never be packaged in plastic. c. Bones, Teeth, Hair and Nails: 1) Sterile latex gloves should be used to transfer the item of evidence onto a clean piece of paper, envelope or other sterile container. 2) Each item of evidence will be labeled, marked and packaged individually and properly submitted to the Property and Evidence Division. E. Training [CALEA 83.2.7c]: 1. All persons responsible for major crime scene processing shall receive specialized training to develop the following skills: a. Recovery of latent finger/palm prints; b. Recovery of foot, tool and tire impressions; c. Photographing crime scenes; d. Preparing crime scene diagrams; e. Collecting, preserving and transmitting physical evidence, and; f. DNA evidence collection. 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 4 of 5 2. All officers shall be trained in basic crime scene processing. F. Equipment [CALEA 83.2.4]: 1. Patrol officers will be equipped with basic photography and fingerprinting equipment and other supplies used to collect and preserve physical evidence [CALEA 83.2.4 a., b., d.]. 2. Personnel may use department authorized software for completing crime scene and accident sketches [83.2.4 c.]. 3. The crime scene vehicle shall contain equipment and supplies that allows timely and effective processing of the scene to include: a. Recovery of latent finger/palm prints [CALEA 83.2.4 a.]; b. Photography [CALEA 83.2.4 b.]; c. Diagram of the scene [CALEA 83.2.4 c.], and; d. Collection and preservation of physical evidence [CALEA 83.2.4 d.]. G. Analysis/Examination [CALEA 83.3.2, 83.2.7d]: 1. Evidence requiring expert analysis/examination shall be submitted to the Arkansas State Crime Laboratory or other duly certified institution. 2. Evidence should be packaged in a manner that is consistent with the requirements of the receiving laboratory [CALEA 83.3.2 b]. 3. A Crime Lab Submission Sheet must be completed for those items of evidence requiring expert analysis and examination [CALEA 83.3.2 c.]. 4. The investigating officer, detective, crime scene personnel, or Property and Evidence personneli must complete the Crime Lab Submission Sheet [CALEA 83.3.2 d]. 5. Employees of the Property and Evidence Division will normally transport evidence items to the Arkansas State Crime Lab for analysis/examination and ensure the chain of custody is maintained properly. It is recognized other members of the police department, such as detectives, may make a submission of evidence to the crime lab for analysis/examination. In such cases, that employee will maintain appropriate chain of custody [CALEA 83.3.2 a.]. 6. Results of such analysis/examination shall be made in writing and filed with the appropriate incident report [CALEA 83.3.2 e.]. 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 5 of 5 FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND RULES Subject: 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Effective Date: Reference: Version: 1 CALEA: 83.1.1, 83.2.1, 83.2.2, 83.2.3, 83.2.4, 83.2.5, 83.2.6, 83.2.7a,b,c,d, 83.3.1, 83.3.2 No. Pages: 5 I. Purpose It is important the integrity of crime scenes be properly maintained and all items of evidence be collected, marked, maintained and processed in a professional manner to ensure court cases are not lost or overturned due to improper or incomplete police procedures. This policy shall apply to all members of the Fayetteville Police Department. II. Policy It is the policy of the Fayetteville Police Department to provide its employees with guidelines and procedures that incorporate the effective application of scientific methods for the collection and preservation process. III. Procedure A. Responsibilities: 1. The primary assigned officer is responsible for protecting a crime scene until relieved of the responsibility. Additional officers may be requested for larger or more complex scenes. 2. Personnel are subject to call out to crime scenes on a twenty-four (24) hour basis. A Criminal Investigation Division (CID) supervisor must approve requests for detectives and crime scene personnel [CALEA 83.1.1]. 3. A detective or an accident investigator called to the scene will direct the collection and preservation of evidence. 4. Officers assigned to a crime scene shall provide assistance to the detective or crime scene personnel as necessary to include providing scene security, media relations, crowd control or any other duties as directed. B. Crime Scene Processing: Patrol officers may process basic crime scenes. Crime scene personnel may process more complicated scenes or major case crime scenes. Basic steps for processing a crime scene may include but are not limited to [CALEA 83.2.1]: 1. Secure the scene: 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 1 of 5 a. On arrival to the scene, officers must locate and assist any person who is injured, ill or needs assistance. b. Officers shall initiate security measures to protect the scene. Officers must prevent unauthorized persons from entering the scene. A log should be kept of anyone entering/leaving a major crime scene. c. Officers should not touch, move or pick up objects or disturb in any manner any article, mark or impression that may be related to a major crime. An emergency exception to this rule may be made when it is necessary to protect officers and bystanders or to protect the integrity of the evidence. 2. Assess the scene and determine the scope of the investigation. 3. Conduct a detailed search to locate evidence. 4. Record the scene [CALEA 83.2.2]: a. Take notes of the location/condition of evidence. b. Diagrams will be completed at all accidents and major crime scenes. c. Photograph the evidence or video the scene if needed; photographic evidence will be completed at all major crime and accident scenes. Photographs and/or video should depict all possible elements of the crime. 5. If liquids or body fluids are present, they should be collected and labeled prior to processing for latent fingerprints due to contamination issues. 6. Process for latent fingerprint evidence [CALEA 83.2.3]: a. Officers shall use issued print kits to process for latent prints. b. Information about date, time and location the print was lifted shall be documented on the print card. c. Comparative prints should be taken from victims and witnesses if possible. d. Print lifts should be submitted into evidence using proper evidence submission procedures. 7. Collect/Package physical evidence [CALEA 83.2.1]: a. Each item of evidence should be placed in its own appropriate container and appropriately sealed. b. Documentation about the date, time and location the evidence was found and by whom should be placed on each container. c. When available for comparative purposes, a known sample of the material or substance should be collected, packaged and maintained [CALEA 83.3.1]. Examples include glass, hair, fibers, wood, soil, tool marks and paint. 8. Chain of custody/transfer of evidence in the field [CALEA 83.2.1]: a. Officers and crime scene personnel must maintain a strict chain of custody on all items of evidence. b. Personnel will document items of evidence collected by way of a CID 7 Receipt Form and/or Evidence Submission Form and in the incident report. c. Personnel providing evidence to another officer or crime scene 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 2 of 5 investigator in the field must ensure the receiving person acknowledges the transfer of evidence. d. Both the personnel providing the evidence and the personnel receiving the evidence in the field will be required to document the transfer of evidence in an incident report. 9. Submit all evidence to the evidence room using the proper evidence submission procedures [CALEA 83.2.1]. 10. An accurate synopsis of the evidence collection shall be included in an incident, accident or supplemental report and should include: [CALEA 83.2.GJHt]] a. Date and time of arrival on scene; b. Specific list of evidentiary items collected; c. Listing of photographs and any measurements taken, and; d. Any other applicable documentation. C. Computer Related Evidence [ CALEA 83.2.5]: 1. Computers seized by department personnel shall be treated as evidence and processed according to the procedures outlined herein. 2. Absent exigent circumstances, only personnel who have been trained in computer seizures shall power off, disconnect, power on or access a computer system, recording device or recording media that is to be seized. 3. Only individuals who are trained in computer forensics shall examine computers, recording devices or recording media for the evidence contained therein. The Criminal Investigation Division shall be responsible for maintaining employees trained in computer investigations. 4. A CID supervisor shall be contacted when a computer is to be seized and processed. A computer forensic investigator may be assigned to assist in the seizure. D. DNA Evidence [CALEA 83.2.71: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as an investigative tool is a major factor in solving cases when the offender is unknown. DNA results can be produced from very small or degraded samples. Types of biological evidence containing DNA are blood, semen, tissue, bones, teeth, hair, nails, and saliva. 2. First responders to a crime scene with potential DNA evidence[CALEA 83.2.7a]: a. Officers and crime scene personnel should take notice of possible DNA evidence and initiate measures to protect it from contamination or being destroyed. b. Officers and crime scene personnel should use appropriate biohazard protective gear, if necessary, for personal safety and to avoid direct contact with blood or body fluids. 3. Collection of DNA Evidence [CALEA 83.2.7b]: 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 3 of 5 a. Tissue, blood stains and other body fluids: 1) Samples are recovered by swabbing or collection of the stained item itself. 2) The stain can be swabbed by using a sterile cotton swab or patch lightly moistened with distilled water. The swab/patch should be allowed to dry and placed in an envelope or other sterile container. 3) If the stained item can be collected, it should be packaged in a clean paper wrapper or wrap. If the stain is wet, allow it to air dry before packaging. 4) Each item of evidence will be labeled, marked and packaged individually and properly submitted to the Property and Evidence Division. 5) Collected items containing suspected DNA material should never be placed in plastic. b. DNA samples from persons (Buccal Swab) [CALEA 1.2.8 a.]: 1) A buccal swab is a search of a subject's mouth that may be collected by an officer, detective, or crime scene personnel, only by consent or search warrant. 2) To obtain a buccal swab, a sterile cotton swab should be rubbed vigorously on the inside cheek lining (both right and left cheek) of a person for 20-30 seconds. The sample should be allowed to dry, placed into a swab box or similar container, properly labeled and submitted to the Property/Evidence Room. 3) Buccal swabs should never be packaged in plastic. c. Bones, Teeth, Hair and Nails: 1) Sterile latex gloves should be used to transfer the item of evidence onto a clean piece of paper, envelope or other sterile container. 2) Each item of evidence will be labeled, marked and packaged individually and properly submitted to the Property and Evidence Division. E. Training [CALEA 83.2.7c]: 1. All persons responsible for major crime scene processing shall receive specialized training to develop the following skills: a. Recovery of latent finger/palm prints; b. Recovery of foot, tool and tire impressions; c. Photographing crime scenes; d. Preparing crime scene diagrams; e. Collecting, preserving and transmitting physical evidence, and; f. DNA evidence collection. 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 4 of 5 2. All officers shall be trained in basic crime scene processing. F. Equipment [CALEA 83.2.4]: 1. Patrol officers will be equipped with basic photography and fingerprinting equipment and other supplies used to collect and preserve physical evidence [CALEA 83.2.4 a., b., d.]. 2. Personnel may use department authorized software for completing crime scene and accident sketches [83.2.4 c.]. 3. The crime scene vehicle shall contain equipment and supplies that allows timely and effective processing of the scene to include: a. Recovery of latent finger/palm prints [CALEA 83.2.4 a.]; b. Photography [CALEA 83.2.4 b.]; c. Diagram of the scene [CALEA 83.2.4 c.], and; d. Collection and preservation of physical evidence [CALEA 83.2.4 d.]. G. Analysis/Examination [CALEA 83.3.2, 83.2.7d]: 1. Evidence requiring expert analysis/examination shall be submitted to the Arkansas State Crime Laboratory or other duly certified institution. 2. Evidence should be packaged in a manner that is consistent with the requirements of the receiving laboratory [CALEA 83.3.2 b]. 3. A Crime Lab Submission Sheet must be completed for those items of evidence requiring expert analysis and examination [CALEA 83.3.2 c.]. 4. The investigating officer, detective, crime scene personnel, or Property and Evidence personnemust complete the Crime Lab Submission Sheet [CALEA 83.3.2 d]. 5. Employees of the Property and Evidence Division will normally transport evidence items to the Arkansas State Crime Lab for analysis/examination and ensure the chain of custody is maintained properly. It is recognized other members of the police department, such as detectives, may make a submission of evidence to the crime lab for analysis/examination. In such cases, that employee will maintain appropriate chain of custody [CALEA 83.3.2 a.]. 6. Results of such analysis/examination shall be made in writing and filed with the appropriate incident report [CALEA 83.3.2 e.]. 83.1 Collection and Preservation of Evidence Page 5 of 5 FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND RULES Subject: 44.1.1 Juvenile Operations Effective Date: May 1, 2012 Reference: 44.2.4 Version: 1 CALEA: 44 No. Pages: 3 I. PURPOSE The purpose of this directive is to establish policies concerning the department's juvenile programs and the processing of juvenile offenders and victims [CALEA 44.1.1]. II. POLICY A. ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION - The Fayetteville Police Department is committed to the development and perpetuation of programs designed to prevent and control juvenile delinquency and victimization. 1. The Fayetteville Police Department shall maintain an investigative division with specializations associated with juvenile matters, this division will fall under the command of the Criminal Investigation Division (CID). 2. The responsibility of juvenile operations and delinquency prevention efforts is to be shared by all agency personnel and not just limited to the responsibility of CID. In particular, all patrol officers should familiarize themselves in proper handling of juvenile problems, both criminal and non -criminal. 3. The Fayetteville Police Department will strive to maintain a working relationship with other elements of the juvenile justice system, namely the Washington County Juvenile Court and the Washington County Prosecutor's Office. 4. An additional resource regarding Juvenile Operations is the School Resource Officer Division (reference can be made to FPD 44.2.4). B. OPERATIONS 1. Encountering Abuse and Neglect: a. Any time an officer encounters a juvenile who has been exposed to neglect or abuse, the officer shall report the neglect and or abuse to the Arkansas State Police Hot Line. Contacting the local DHS office or a local DHS employee does not fulfill the obligation of reporting to the hot line. 44.1. l Juvenile Operations Page 1 of 4 2. Taking Juvenile Into Custody - A juvenile may be taken into custody without a warrant: a. Pursuant to an order of the court under Arkansas Code § 9-27-301 (Act 273 of 1989); or b. By a law enforcement officer without a warrant under circumstances as set forth in Arkansas Rules of Criminal Procedure 4.1 (also see Policy 1.2.1); or c. By a law enforcement officer or by a duly authorized representative of the Department of Human Services (DHS) if there are clear, reasonable grounds to conclude that the juvenile is in immediate danger and that removal is necessary to prevent serious harm from his surroundings or from illness or injury and if parents, guardians, or others with authority to act are unavailable or have not taken action necessary to protect the juvenile from the danger and there is not time to petition for and obtain an order of the court prior to taking the juvenile into custody [CALEA 44.2.2 b.]. d. When determining to take a child into protective custody, officers will follow the legal guidelines of Arkansas law. When necessary, officers may seek guidance from a supervisor [CALEA 44.2.2 b.]. 3. Alternatives to Arrests of Juveniles for Delinquent Acts - Officers making contact with a juvenile who has committed a delinquent act which does not involve a victim, (such as loitering, etc.) or an act whose victim does not wish to press charges may use alternatives to arrest [CALEA 44.2.1 a.] [CALEA 44.2.2 a.]. a. Alternatives to arrest include: verbal warning, referral to a School Resource Officer or other juvenile services office, conference with the juvenile's parent(s) or guardian, or report and referral to Washington County Prosecutor's Office Juvenile Division [CALEA 44.2.1 c.]. b. If alternatives to arrest are employed, it is not necessary to contact any officials with the juvenile court system. 4. Taking a Juvenile into Custody - With or Without a Warrant a. No juvenile shall be incarcerated in the Washington County Jail. An exception to this is afforded to prosecutors under state law, when charging juveniles as adults [CALEA 44.2.2 c.]. b. The officer should always attempt to make contact with the parent(s) or legal guardian of any juvenile taken into custody and advise them of the situation [CALEA 44.2.2 e]. c. When a juvenile is arrested and taken into custody the officer should contact the juvenile intake officer of the Washington County Juvenile Court to discuss terms and conditions of release or detention. Officers will follow the direction of the juvenile intake officer of the Washington County Juvenile Court who will decide if the juvenile is to be released to a parent/guardian or is to be taken to Washington County Juvenile Detention Center. If the intake officer directs the juvenile to the detention center, the officer will take the juvenile to the detention center without delay, unless the juvenile is in need of emergency 44.1.1 Juvenile Operations Page 2 of 4 medical treatment. If the juvenile is in need of emergency medical treatment, officers will follow FPD 71.1.1. At that point, the juvenile's medical care will receive priority. The intake officer of Washington County Juvenile Court should be notified of the juvenile's condition ,and assist in determining how the juvenile isto remain in custody during medical treatment or make additional release determinations [CALEA 44.2.2 d.] d. An alternative to taking a juvenile into custody is release of the juvenile through the use of a uniform traffic ticket/citation or an Arkansas Criminal Citation [CALEA 44.2.1 b.]. If the juvenile is to be released on a traffic violation that would go through Fayetteville District Court, it is not necessary to obtain the authorization of the Washington County Juvenile Court Intake Officer. However, if the juvenile is to be released on a criminal violation that would go through Washington County Juvenile Court, the intake officer should be contacted. e. Traffic Offenses - If a juvenile is taken into custody for a warrant on a traffic offense from another jurisdiction, the jurisdiction which issued the warrant should immediately be contacted to determine conditions for release. If the juvenile cannot be immediately released, the juvenile detention center should be contacted [CALEA 44.2.2 d]. 5. Taking a Juvenile into Custody - Protective Reasons a. An officer may take into custody any "Dependent -neglected juvenile". "Dependent -neglected juvenile" means any juvenile who as a result of abandonment, abuse, sexual abuse, sexual exploitation, neglect, or parental unfitness is at substantial risk of serious harm. When determining to take a child into protective custody, officers will follow the legal guidelines of Arkansas law under Title 12-12-516. When necessary, officers may seek guidance from a supervisor [CALEA 44.2.2 b]. b. Any officer taking a juvenile into custody as a "Dependent -neglected juvenile" should immediately contact the Washington County Department of Human Services. Custody of the juvenile will then be transferred to the Washington County Department of Human Services. 6. Investigation of Juvenile Offender- Interrogation [CALEA 44.2.3] a. Officers of the Fayetteville Police Department must understand that just like adults, juveniles must be afforded certain constitutional rights in respect to Miranda rights. When a juvenile is taken into custody for a delinquent act or criminal offense, a juvenile may invoke his or her right to speak to a parent or guardian in addition to standard Miranda. b. During an interrogation, the juvenile's parent or guardian must be present in the building; the parent or guardian must be aware the juvenile waived his/her rights; the parent or guardian must have had the chance to speak with the juvenile about the waiver and the parent or guardian should sign the waiver before an investigator questions a juvenile in custody. c. When questioning a juvenile in custody for a delinquent act or criminal offense, officers shall provide the juvenile his or her rights using the Juvenile Waiver of Right to Counsel form and answer any questions that may ensure 44.1.1 Juvenile Operations Page 3 of 4 the juvenile understands his or her rights. Officers should refer to Arkansas Statute 9-27-317 that governs Questioning of a Juvenile. d. The duration of interrogation officers or detectives conduct will be reasonable in length. Officers and detectives must understand that the voluntariness of the juvenile's statement will be judged by the totality of the circumstances which may involve a review of several factors: Officers should take into consideration the age, intelligence, educational background, psychological state of the juvenile, mental capacity, including whether the defendant is nervous, physical condition and if an officer with training in youth matters is available or present. Officers should consider the juvenile's prior experience in the criminal system, whether the juvenile is suffering from any injury or pain at the time the statement is given, the time of day, any length of confinement, and whether the juvenile is tired and is desirous of sleep. e. During the interrogation, the juvenile should not normally be handcuffed unless they are a danger to themselves or others. Juveniles should not be threatened with bodily harm or made promises of leniency for cooperation. f. During interrogation of the juvenile at the Fayetteville Police Department, officers shall not enter the interview room with their firearms but may retain possession of other less -lethal weapons. Firearms shall be locked in departmental provided lock boxes. During the interrogation, there shall be no more than, one suspect and two investigators in the interview room. An exception to this rule is that suspects are afforded legal representation, or accompanied by a parent, guardian, or other representative. g. Officers/detectives conducting interrogations should ensure that the juvenile is afforded adequate access to restrooms, water, and breaks. h. Officers/detectives should ensure the juvenile is familiar with English prior to conducting the interrogation. If the juvenile is not familiar with English and speaks another language, officers/detectives should make arrangements for an interpreter or arrange for an officer to conduct the interrogation in the juvenile's language. i. Juveniles who are in the custody of the Department of Human Services must be represented by their attorney ad litem before they can be questioned by police. 44.1.1 Juvenile Operations Page 4 of 4 FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND RULES Subject: 41.2.11 Use of Department Vehicles Effective Date: May 1, 2012 Reference: 41.2.8, 41.2.13 Version: 1 CALEA: 41.3.1, 41.3.2, 53.1.1 No. Pages: 4 I. Purpose The purpose of this policy is to establish guidelines for the use and operation of vehicles owned, leased or operated by the Fayetteville Police Department. II. Policy Officers and employees of this department shall operate department vehicles in a legal, safe and courteous manner. Employees shall not abuse or misuse department vehicles and equipment. Employees are responsible for the care and maintenance of vehicles in their control. Employees shall make proper use of vehicle safety equipment while operating department owned or authorized vehicles. III. Procedures A. Vehicle Safety Inspection - Patrol vehicles shall be inspected on a daily basis by the officer assigned to the vehicle. [CALEA 53.1.1] 1. Deficiencies shall be noted and brought to the attention of a supervisor to make a determination as to whether the vehicle should be removed from service until repaired. Repair requests will be completed on vehicle maintenance requests. 2. Equipment required for patrol vehicles will be replenished or repaired upon inspection or as needed. 3. The inspection will be documented on officers' daily activity reports. B. Vehicle Equipment 1. Patrol vehicles will be conspicuously marked and outfitted with the following specifications: [CALEA 41.3.1 ] a. Exterior mounted operational emergency lights b. Siren c. Agency's name in reflective materials d. Unit number e. Reflective striping on sides 41.2.11 Use of Department Vehicles Page 1 of 4 2. Equipment required for patrol vehicles will be replenished or repaired upon inspection or as needed [CALEA 41.3.2]. a. The department will assign a primary and secondary supervisor to monitor equipment needs and deficiencies through the use of inspections and the daily vehicle inspection process. Assigned supervisors will be listed on the Duty Assignment Roster. b. Vehicles will be inspected daily by officers assigned to the unit. Officers are required .daily to report any vehicle deficiencies or deficient items in writing to their shift supervisor. c. Those supervisors assigned as primary on the Duty Assignment Roster for unit supplies/unit inspections will oversee an annual inspection of vehicles and vehicle equipment and report the results through memorandum to the patrol captain. d. Items reported as being deficient will be replenished by a shift supervisor through the Quartermaster System. 3. Equipment for patrol vehicles to maintain operational readiness includes but is not limited to [CALEA 41.3.2]: a. Fire extinguisher b. Tire deflation device c. Spare tire/jack d. 50 ft. measuring tape and rolling tape measure e. Blanket f. Crime scene tape g. Paper towels and bags h. Personal protective equipment — gloves, masks, shoe covers, tyvex suit i. Radar unit and tuning forks j. Digital camera k. VL removal tool 1. Prisoner leg straps/belly chain m. First Aid Kit n. Disinfectant 4. Supervisor patrol vehicles will contain a door entry breaching kit. [CALEA 41.3.2]: C. Take Home Units- Officers will be assigned either a marked or unmarked vehicle for use according to the responsibilities of the officer's position and the needs of the department (i.e. canine units, drug task force officers, etc). 1. To serve as a crime deterrent, take home units that are marked will be parked in the officer's driveway or an openly prominent location at the officer's residence. 2. The assignment of a take home unit is a privilege, not a right, and can be revoked at any time. Assignment of a take home unit is determined by the Chief of Police. 3. No alcoholic beverages are to be consumed or carried in take home units, nor are they to be driven after the officer has been consuming alcoholic beverages. 4. While off duty, officers will not take law enforcement action to address a minor violation. The off duty officer in a marked unit should be prepared to assist in traffic control on motor vehicle collisions until assigned officers arrive. a. While off duty, 41.2.11 Use of Department Vehicles Page 2 of 4 b. Officers in take home units must carry their credentials and service weapon. c. While off duty, officers in take home units will dress in such a manner as to not discredit the department should they have to perform in a professional capacity. 5. Use of take home vehicles is limited to commuting to and from work, court, training, and other approved functions or other de minimis use. 6. Take home vehicles can be driven to department approved extra jobs requiring the performance of law enforcement duties. a. Assigned vehicles will not be used to patrol private property. The vehicle will be parked at a suitable location while security/protective services are being performed. D. Command vehicles are assigned to Captains whose responsibilities are critical to the operational efficiency of the police department, and the use of command vehicles is determined by the Chief of Police. Captains must be able to communicate with the department at all times and are subject to immediate response when needed. Command vehicles may be marked or unmarked as determined by the Chief of Police. E. Special Purpose Vehicles [CALEA 41.1.31 1. Motorcycles, bicycles, the ERT Transport Vehicle, and any other non -conventional vehicles shall be considered special-purpose vehicles of the Fayetteville Police Department and shall be treated accordingly. 2. The above mentioned special-purpose vehicles shall only be operated by authorized and assigned personnel that have completed or are undergoing required training as determined by the Fayetteville Police Department. In the event of a life threatening situation, sworn personnel not typically authorized may make use of a special-purpose vehicle. 3. The supervisor assigned over the unit of primary use of each special-purpose vehicle shall be responsible for required maintenance and for the determination and upkeep of required equipment to be kept in or on the vehicle. F. Vehicle Operation 1. Employees shall operate department vehicles in a careful and prudent manner. Unsafe, negligent or reckless driving is prohibited. Traffic laws and department policies shall be followed unless emergency circumstances warrant otherwise. 2. Department vehicles will be kept clean and serviceable at all times (i.e. washed, vacuumed, fueled, etc). 3. Seatbelt usage — refer to 41.2.13 4. When parked and/or unattended, department vehicles, when practical, shall be properly secured by: a. Locking the doors b. Ensuring the windows are up c. Ensuring any firearm in the vehicle is locked/secured 41.2.11 Use of Department Vehicles Page 3 of 4 5. Due to the nature of law enforcement work, officers are allowed to eat and/or drink in department vehicles; however, the vehicles must be kept clean of debris and trash by the end of the shift. 6. Passengers will generally be limited to police officers, city employees or other governmental officials. However, limited transportation of others is permissible, such as the transportation of an immediate family member to school or work or other incidental transportation needs. Exceptions to this rule include detainees, persons needing assistance, persons authorized in a ride along, persons assisting the officer or other persons with approval of a supervisor. 7. Authorization and protocol for citizen ride along program are as follows: a. An "Indemnify, Defend and Hold Harmless" agreement must be signed by the citizen wishing to participate in a ride along. b. The citizen shall only be permitted to ride with personnel approved by a supervisor. C. The citizen shall follow the directives of the patrol officer to whom they may be assigned. d. The citizen shall remain in the patrol unit unless the officer directs the citizen that it is safe to exit the unit. The citizen shall not exit the vehicle on any "high risk" calls to which they may be assigned. This includes family violence calls unless no elements of risk are present nor are expected and only a reporting procedure is necessary. e. Under no circumstances will a citizen be present in a patrol vehicle involved in any aspect of a pursuit. 8. Employees are prohibited from taking department vehicles outside the city limits of • Fayetteville. Exceptions to this rule include: a. Following up on an investigation, with supervisor approval b. Police pursuit (Further reference can be made to 41.2.8, Pursuit policy) c. Completing an assignment, with supervisor approval d. Picking up supplies e. Going to court f. Take home units authorized by the Chief of Police g. Attending meetings, training, etc. 41.2.11 Use of Department Vehicles Page 4 of 4 FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND RULES Subject: 1.2.2 Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure Effective Date: November 15, 2011 Reference: 61.4.3 Version: 1 CALEA: 1.2.3, 1.2.4 No. Pages: 4 I. Purpose The purpose of this policy is to establish guidelines for temporary detention, warrantless search and seizure decisions by officers in order to assure they are made in a manner consistent with constitutional guidelines, federal and state laws. II. Definitions Consent: Permission for an officer to search a constitutionally protected area given by a person with standing to grant it. Permission must be given without force, duress or coercion of any kind. Field Interview: A field interview is a brief interview of a person to determine the person's identity and to resolve the officer's suspicions about possible criminal activity. A field interview is intended to resolve an ambiguous situation. A field interview contrasts with an investigative stop in that an investigative stop must be based upon reasonable suspicion of criminal behavior. A field interview may be conducted only with the voluntary cooperation of the citizen being interviewed and shall be immediately terminated if the citizen does not wish to speak. Frisk: A frisk is a "pat down" of the outer garments for a weapon or contraband. Investigative Stop: An investigative stop is the temporary detention of a subject when the officer has reasonable suspicion that criminal activity has occurred, is occurring or is about to occur and that the person to be stopped is involved or is a witness. Probable Cause: Probable cause has been interpreted as facts and circumstances that amount to more than mere suspicion but less than proof beyond a reasonable doubt that would lead a prudent person to believe a crime has been committed or is about to be committed. III. Procedure A. Field Interview — The fourth amendment allows an officer to approach a person and ask if he/she is willing to answer questions, and to ask questions if the person is willing to listen and respond. The person shall not be detained and may leave at any time without answering questions. No stop or detention of a person or a driver of a vehicle is allowed. The person's 1.2.2 Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure Page 1 of 4 voluntary answers to such questions may be offered into evidence in any subsequent criminal proceedings. [CALEA 1.2.3 a] B. Investigative Stop — An officer may temporarily detain a person if reasonable suspicion exists that a crime has been committed, is committed or is about to be committed; or the officer reasonably suspects the person is illegally carrying a concealed weapon. 1. Officers may make such stops even if probable cause is insufficient to make an arrest. 2. The following factors may be considered in determining whether reasonable suspicion exists to justify an investigative stop of a person. These factors must be considered in view of the officer's training, knowledge and experience. All of the factors need not be present in order to establish reasonable suspicion: a. The officer has valid knowledge that a person has a prior felony record. b. The person fits the description of a wanted person. c. The person has exhibited conduct in an attempt to conceal an object from the officer's view. d. The person exhibits unusual behavior. e. The area or time of day is indicative of possible criminal activity. f. Hearsay information or an anonymous tip is acceptable dependent upon the content of the information and the degree of reliability. An officer must corroborate some of the hearsay information when developing reasonable suspicion to conduct the investigative stop. 3. An investigative stop must be conducted as briefly as possible. The stop must be restricted only to the time necessary to confirm or dispel the officer's reasonable suspicion of criminal activity. a. Upon determining the basis for the stop no longer exists, the person detained will be immediately released. b. The detention period may be lengthened only if the suspicion becomes reinforced with additional supportive information or if the officer develops probable cause. 4. Field Interview (FI) Cards: Officers are encouraged to conduct field interviews as an investigative tool, crime prevention and information in collecting, preserving and disseminating information on potential suspects or criminal activity. Officers shall document all field interviews on a "Field Interview" form in order to provide other officers and investigators with information concerning suspicious activities or persons. Completed field interview cards will be submitted to the Criminal Investigation Division (CID) for entry in to the department's Records Management System. C. Frisk — Although an officer may have reasonable cause to stop an individual, there must be a separate belief, based on articulable facts, that the subject is armed and dangerous in order to justify a frisk. The purpose of the frisk is not to discover a crime, but to allow the officer to continue the investigation without fear of violence. [CALEA 1.2.4] 1. The frisk is limited to a pat down of the outer clothing. 2. If bulky clothing, such as a heavy overcoat, is worn the officer may require the subject to open or temporarily remove the coat in order to complete the pat down. 1.2.2 Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure Page 2 of 4 D. Search Incidental to Lawful Arrest — An officer shall search a subject incidental to that subject's lawful arrest for any weapons, contraband or evidence of the crime. The search shall be confined to the subject arrested and that subject's access area at the time of arrest [CALEA 1.2.5 commentary]. 1. The search may extend beyond the arrestee's access area for other persons who the officer has reason to believe may endanger the safety of the officer making the arrest. 2. The search should be limited to locating and controlling the movements of such persons. 3. An officer should not make an arrest solely as a pretext to search for evidence. E. Search by Consent — An officer may conduct a search of any person, place or thing without probable cause when the person having legal control over that area consents to the search. [CALEA 1.2.4] 1. Consent must be freely and voluntarily given. Consent must be granted by a person who appears to possess the competent mental ability and language skills to fully understand the circumstances. 2. Burden of proof consent was granted is on the officer. 3. Consent may be verbal or written. Officers must inform the subject he/she has the right to refuse a consensual search of a residence; such warning is not required for consensual search of a vehicle. 4. Consent may be withdrawn at any time by the subject. 5. Scope of the search may be limited in any way the subject wishes. 6. If the search exceeds the authorized scope, it is unlawful. F. Officers may enter and search a constitutionally protected area under lawful exigent circumstances to include medical emergencies, or public safety issues such as violent felony in progress. This exception only extends to the termination of the emergency. [CALEA 1.2.4] G. Search of Vehicle under Movable Exception Rule — Due to the inherent mobility of a motor vehicle, the courts have historically held officers to a standard of probable cause for their search. There are conditions under which the officer does not need a search warrant in order to search a motor vehicle [CALEA 1.2.4] 1. The passenger compartment incident to and contemporaneous with the arrest of an occupant or the officer has reason to believe the vehicle contains evidence of the offense of the arrest. 2. Based on probable cause to believe the vehicle contains evidence of a crime or contraband. This search is only limited by the scope of where those items could be concealed. 3. In the event of a detention of the driver or occupant, and the officer has a basis for a frisk of that person, the frisk may extend into the vehicle to the areas where the subject might leap or lunge for weapon. 4. An inventory shall be conducted on all vehicles impounded by this department. Reference should be made to FPD 61.4.3 [CALEA 1.2.4] H. Search at the Scene of a Crime — If a crime scene includes a constitutionally protected area, and the suspect might have a reasonable expectation of privacy, it will be searched pursuant to a search warrant. Exceptions include [CALEA 1.2.4] 1.2.2 Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure Page 3 of 4 1. Officers may conduct a protective sweep of a crime scene for their protection prior to securing the scene pending a warrant or consent. 2. Upon exigent entry, the scope of any search is limited to provide aid to those believed to be in need of assistance or to secure evidence in plain view. Once aid is provided, a search warrant must be obtained before searching for evidence or contraband. 3. Constitutionally protected areas may be searched with the consent of a person with standing to give it. 4. When the suspect is arrested in the crime scene, an officer may search the area under immediate control of the suspect contemporaneous with the arrest. 5. Officers may enter and search a constitutionally protected area under lawful exigent circumstances to include medical emergencies, or public safety issues such as a violent felony in progress. This exception only extends to the termination of the emergency. I. Jail Booking Strip and Body Cavity Searches [CALEA 1.2.8] 1. Strip and body cavity searches during jail booking are sometimes necessary for officer safety, as well as the safety of the public, including other detainees. Such searches may be required to detect, secure and seize weapons, contraband or evidence of criminal activity. Body cavity searches are those that are conducted involving the anus or vagina. 2. Such intrusive searches shall be conducted only with proper authority, justification and within the policies and procedures of the detention center where the detainee is to be taken. 3. A strip search shall not be conducted unless there is a reasonable suspicion that such detainees are concealing weapons or contraband on their person [CALEA 1.2.8 a.]. 4. A body cavity search shall not be conducted unless there is probable cause to suspect such detainees are concealing weapons or contraband and consent to search or a search warrant have been obtained. 5. For.body-cavity searches officers will notify county jail supervisors, and only a nurse or physician -may conduct body cavity searches [CALEA 1.2.8 a.]. 6. Officers involved in a strip search should ensure that the search is conducted by personnel of the.same gender as that of the subject being searched and that the search is done out of the public view and with regard for human dignity [CALEA 1.2.8 b.]. 7. Officers of the department that cause: a strip or body cavity search to be conducted or that are involved in a strip search should include the details of the search in a report to include gender of the subject and identification and gender of personnel conducting the search [CALEA 1.2.8 c.]. J. Other Searches authorized by State and Federal Provisions [CALEA 1.2.4] 1. Officers may enter an open field and search it for items subject to seizure when they have reason to believe that the stated items are to be found at that location. 2. Officers may search public places, such as a public park, when they have reason to believe that the items subject to seizure are at that location. 3. Officers may search private locations open to the public, such as the lobby of a bank, when they have reason to believe that items subject to seizure are at that location. 4. Officers may seize items that are immediately apparent as evidence whey the come into view and the officers has the right to be in the area at the time. 5. Officers may search abandoned property if it can be established that the owner or person in possession of the property intended to abandon it. 1.2.2 Warrantless Detention, Search & Seizure Page 4 of 4 FAYETTEVILLE POLICE DEPARTMENT FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS POLICIES, PRO CED URES, AND R ULES Subject: 43.1.1 Vice, Drugs, and Organized Crime Effective Date: Reference: 42.1.1 Version: 1 CALEA: 43.1.1, 43.1.5 No. Pages: I. Purpose The purpose of this directive is to establish procedures governing the flow of intelligence/information relating to vice, drugs, and organized crime. This policy will provide guidance in these matters to all personnel. II. Policy A. Processing complaints of criminal activity (intelligence/information)-The following procedures will ensure that intelligence/information received is recorded and investigated to the fullest extent possible: 1. Complaints of criminal activity (intelligence/information) received by departmental personnel regarding drugs, vice, and organized crime will be recorded utilizing Intelligence Reports and delivered to the Criminal Investigation Division (CID) and logged [CALEA 43.1.1 a.]: a. The complaint will be processed based on type and forwarded to the supervisor for review and assignment: (1) Reports relating to vice, organized and all other crime will be provided to CID. Vice may include prostitution, illegal use/sale of alcoholic beverages, and gambling. (2) Reports relating to drugs will be provided to the Drug Task Force (DTF). (3) Reports relating to illegal alcoholic beverage issues will be provided to the Community Oriented Policing Division (COP). b. The following protocol will relate to assignments of complaints: (1) Supervisors assigned to CID, DTF and COP will review each complaint and make determinations for assignment. Complaints should be assigned when the supervisor is able to establish enough information exists to warrant an investigation. (2) Assigned personnel should investigate the complaint to the fullest extent possible utilizing the steps defined in 42.1.1 Criminal Investigations for preliminary and follow-up investigations [42.1.1]. c. Personnel completing an intelligence report should consider the following and include in the report when applicable: (1) Date and time of report; (2) Source of information - anonymous reporters should be kept confidential; 43.1.! Vice, Drug, and Organized Crime Page 1 of 2 (3) Suspect information; (4) Location of activity; (5) Dates, days, and times of activities, and; (6) Complete narrative of activity with consideration given to known associates, work, and vehicle information. d. CID will maintain a record of receipt and distribution of complaints received from citizens, department personnel and from outside agencies involving vice, drugs and organized crime [CALEA 43.1.1 b.] [CALEA 43.1.1 c.]. B. Advising chain of command/Chief of Police -The following procedures will ensure that the respective divisions listed in this policy are reporting to their chain of command to include the Chief of Police [CALEA 43.1.1 d.]: 1. Supervisors assigned to CID, DTF, and COP will file a weekly report through their chain of command that will include: a. Updates on major investigations when applicable; b. Updates of incidents or personnel matters where there may be a question as to the agency's liability or those incidents which may result in heightened community interest [see also FPD 41.1.1]; 2. Information/Intelligence determined to be sensitive should be reported to the Chief of Police immediately [CALEA 43.1.1 d.]. 3. Supervisors assigned to these units will file an annual report focusing on the following: a. Information/Intelligence assignments by number. b. Information/Intelligence assignment clearance data. 43.1 .1 Vice, Drug, and Organized Crime Page 2 of 2