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HomeMy WebLinkAbout116-11 RESOLUTIONRESOLUTION NO. 116-11 A RESOLUTION APPROVING AND ADOPTING CITY PLAN 2030 AND THE FUTURE LAND USE MAP AS THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS: Section 1: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby approves and adopts the Future Land Use Map, attached as Exhibit "A". Section 2: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby approves and adopts the City Plan 2030 document, attached as Exhibit "B". Section 3: That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby determines that the Future Land Use Map attached as Exhibit "A" and City Plan 2030 constitute Fayetteville's Comprehensive Land Use Plan and supersede the existing Comprehensive Land Use Plan. PASSED and APPROVED this 5th day of July, 2011. APPROVED: ATTEST: ltt. 0. .1 . ti- �: (1C._ SONDRA E. SMI'T'H, City Clerk/Treasurer �� „1lnnttt,, �.���•.•G1�Y 0:4 ••••(/ S w ; FAYETTEVILLE;5. =tea •� %9sygRkA N5Y: N) s' City Plan 2030 Future Land Use Plan City of Fayetteville, AR Adopted: July 5, 2011 Resolution Na 11611 EXHIBIT "A" yya e .Yvlle Future Land Use 2030 CLASS ®. N51at Arca . Riffq RefidNe' ftoT000 Nell Clry NnybOOM4 W[2 . Ufbu CeOWAML W.Va.! Cmpleie keiohlamood fun `.1-. Civ r4Pnrei[ Gpm aaamprws a . CNC IMe olrmel 51on+nnnit5 omenf WAl 0 05 Hillside -Hilltop Overlay District Flaad Plain (106Year) Lake Stream . Foalprints (2010) ti r i City Limit --,t--,--y T _ r' , _�+�-_ c Botanicaf Garden h ie .zarka. www.accessfayettevil le- ❑rglgovernment/planningICity_Plan_2030 City of Fayetteville Officials Mayor Lioneld Jordan City Council Rhonda Adams Robert Ferrell Adella Gray Mark Kinion Sarah Lewis Matthew Petty Justin Tennant Brenda Thiel -Boudreaux Planning Commission Sarah Bunch Matthew Cabe William Chesser Hugh Earnest Craig Honchell Tracy Hoskins Jeremy Kennedy Audy Lack Porter Winston Adopted Resolution No. 116-11 July 5, 2011 www, accessf ayettev i I le. orglgover n mentipl a n ni ng/C i ty_P!a n_20 30 introduction 1 community context 2 demographics 3 housing 4 employment Et income 5 Land use 6 transportation 7 historic a cultural resources 8 planning process 9 framework 10 economic analysis 11 guiding policies 12 appendix a online Survey Results appendix b Historic Structures appendix c City Services & Resources appendix d Resources appendix a Glossary www.accessfayetteville.org/government/planninWrity_Plan_2030 1 INTRODUCTION 1 . Foyetrevafe Sqac,re www. accessfa yettevi I ie. Or glove rnmentip la n n g/City_Pla n_20 30 City Plan 2030 Goals Goal 1 We will make appropriate infill and revitalization our highest priorities. Goal 2 We will discourage suburban sprawl. Goal 3 We will make traditional town form the standard. Goal 4 We will grow a livable transportation network. Goal 5 We will assemble an enduring green network. Goal 6 We will create opportunities for attainable housing. www.accessfayettville.orgigovernmentiplanning/City_Plan_2030 Message from the Mayor Growth is inevitable and desirable, but destruction of community character is not. The question is not whether your part of the world is going to change. The question is how. -Ed McMahon, Senior Fellow with the Urban Land Institute Fayetteville continues to be one of the most desirable places to lure in America and has been recognized by national organizations for aur economy, striking natural beauty, educational excellence and the quality of our urban planning. This recognition is especially remarkable in a time when nationally and locally we were faced with a recession and shrinking budgets. The fact that Fayetteville boasts a superb built environment that also protects our natural environment is a testament to the generations of people in our community who have thoughtfully planned for the future of our community. We continue this legacy with City Plan 2030. Hundreds of stakeholders contributed to the development of the principles in City Plan 2025, and hundreds more affirmed those principles during the City Plan 2030 update. Thank you to the members of the public, our elected officials, and Planning Commissioners for contributing your thoughts and insights to this update. City Plan 2030 takes our community planning to the next level by continuing to develop form -based zoning districts, taking concrete action steps to assemble an enduring green network and implementing context -sensitive street cross-sections that accommodate cars, pedestrians, cyclists and mass transit. I am confident that the implementation of the recommendations in this document will preserve what we treasure about Fayetteville and harness the opportunities that come with growth. Mayor Lioneld Jordan www. accessfayettev i I le. orglgore r n mentlp IannfnglC i ty_P la n_20 30 "What we need is an overall comprehensive plan system approach that looks at the whole thing proactively. We need a vision for what we want the City to be in 2025... My number one priority is for the Planning Division to become proactive and fake that leadership role.' -West Side Fayetteville Resident Focus Group, 2005 Nestled in the Ozark Hills of Northwest Arkansas, Fayetteville is a rapidly growing city of 73,580 people. Home to the University of Arkansas, Fayetteville has been cited by Partners for Livable Communities as one of the most livable cities in America due to its job growth, arts scene, vibrant downtown and over 3,129 acres of community parks and lakes. However, Fayetteville's population has been growing at a rate of more than 2.4 per- cent annually, over twice as fast as the state as a whole, and is part of the sixth fast- est growing MSA in the nation. This rapid growth has led to suburban sprawl in the Planning Area, environmental concerns and increased traffic congestion. City Plan 2030 is envisioned to give staff and elected and appointed officials a Comprehensive Plan that outlines criteria for effective decision-making based on a widespread public participation process. The General Plan evotved from the efforts of the citizens, City Staff, the Planning Commission, and the City Council over the past 40 years. In 1970, the first General Plan was adopted. This plan was not updated again until 1993 when the City adopted the General Plan 2010, which was then revised in 1995 and 2001. In the summer of 2004, the City Council held a strategic planning retreat and formu- lated a Strategic Plan 2004-2009. Developing a Fayetteville Vision 2020 was at the heart of this process. This Vision is what the community via their representatives wanted Fayetteville to be in 2020 as defined by value -based principles that guide poli- cies, plans, and decisions. 1-4 www, accessfayet Levi I le. org/gare r n mens/p Ianning/C i ty_P la n_20 30 City Plan 2025 was one of the priorities identified by the City Council. City Plan 2025 provided an analysis of current circumstances and policy frameworks in a similar format to the General Plan 2020. However, City Plan 2025 also included the results of a widespread public participation process and an economic analysis. City Plan 2030 further refines the goals and objectives outlined in City Plan 2025 and establishes action steps that will forward the document's principles. Public participation resulted in the creation of several maps that identify future land uses and areas targeted for greenfield development as well as infill. Arkansas Code Annotated §14-56-412 states that the Planning Commission's powers and duties include, but are not limited to, the development of a land use plan, master street plan and community facilities plan. Further, A,C.A. 514-56-413 states that a Land use pian may include: •The reservation of open spaces; •The preservation of natural and historic features, sites and monuments; •The existing uses to be retained without change; •The existing uses proposed for change; •The areas proposed for new development; and -The areas proposed for redevelopment, rehabilitation, renewal and similar programs. The land use maps and policies recommended in City Plan 2030 seek to balance growth within a livable, sustainable community, providing a comprehensive ap- proach to planned and managed growth. 1 think the chances are really great that we will see higher density come. ! don't think we can stand here and say, 'Okay, our plan is that we wish that wouldn't happen.' l think it would be more beneficial to say, 'That's going to happen --to some extent. How can we maintain the quality in the midst of a boom?' That's the real challenge.' -South Fayetteville Resident Focus Group, 2005 et �=- Faye{[evil le FormerMarket 1-5 www.accessfayetteville"orglgovernment/planning/City_Plan_2034 COMMUNITY CONTEXT T m. Paul 's Epfsrapc! Church Location 2.1 Planning Area 2.2 City Growth 2.3 Regional Growth 2.4 ww w.accessfayetteville.arglgowemmentipiariningfcityPlan_za3a 2.1 2.1 Location Fayetteville, the third most populated city in the state, is an attractive and prospering city of 73,580 people (Source: U5 Census 2010). Located in Northwest Arkansas, the city is the economic, political and cultural center of a diverse and growing region. The region, consisting of Washington and Benton counties, contains 424,404 people representing over 14.5 percent of the state's population. Fayetteville presently occupies 55.4 square miles on the western edge of the Boston Mountains, an elevated feature of the greater Ozark Plateau extending further west and north. This modest mountainous terrain shapes the more linear north -south development pattern and intense concentration of land uses along the valley floor occupied by Fayetteville and Interstate 540. The nearby White River provided water for early settlers, which guided growth along the western side of the White River drainage basin prior to 1970. The location of 1-540 to the west and north of the city extended more recent growth into the Illinois River drainage basin. The completion of Interstate 540 and Highway 412 provides even greater attraction of growth to the west. As the largest city in Northwest Arkansas, Fayetteville serves as the gateway to the Ozark Mountains. The growing tourism industry is one of the factors associated with the region's rapid economic development. 2.2 Planning Area In August 2001, the Northwest Arkansas Regional Planning Commission coordinated with the cities of Fayetteville, Greenland, Johnson and Farmington to revise the Planning Area boundaries for each jurisdiction. The Planning Area is comprised of the city corporate limits and a portion of the extraterritorial jurisdiction, which extends up to 2.5 miles from the corporate limits. The total planning area is approximately 89 square miles, 55 square miles in the Fayetteville city limits and 34 square miles in the Planning Area outside the city limits. The City of FayettevilLe's expansion within the Planning Area is restricted by the immediate proximity of the cities of Springdale and Johnson to the north, Farmington and Greenland to the south. www.accessfayetteriiie.oralgovernment/plannlne/CItyJIsn_2030 2-2 Fayetteville, Early 1909s Source: AShaed Hillary: Fayertevilk, Arkmuas and the University of/Weaver. University ofArkaasas Libraries The role the City plays in administering and serving these two areas varies. Within the corporate Limits, the City may exercise a full range of development controls and administrative functions. Within the extraterritorial jurisdiction, the City exercises joint subdivision authority with Washington County. 2.3 Fayetteville Growth Transitions Since its establishment in the early 1800's, Fayetteville has experienced four distinguishable transitions in growth and development, each centering on major economic change. A fifth transition is emerging as a result of the mare diverse economic expansion of the region. EARLY SETTLERS. The original community of Washington, as Fayetteville was first called, was established in 1828. The name was changed a year later due to confusion with a city named Washington in southern Arkansas. Early settlers were involved in the relocation of the Cherokee Nation to the southwest. Fayetteville, being near the terminal point of the journey, became the new home for the escort party. The McGarrah family was among Fayettevitle's first settlers and laid claim to a large tract of Land at the corner of Spring and Willow Streets. McGarrah's property included the southern part of what is now designated as the Washington -Willow Historic District, north to Maple Street. In 1834, Congress authorized Washington County to sell 160 acres to underwrite the building of a proper courthouse. This 160 acres became know as the original. town of Fayetteville. The city grew over the next three and half decades, and in 1870, approximately 1,200 acres were incorporated as the City of Fayetteville. Although the early settlement period appeared to be blessed with prosperity, the community suffered through a particularly disastrous Civil War experience. Much of the original Fayetteville community was destroyed by fire during the Battle of Fayetteville on April 18, 1863. RECONSTRUCTION PERIOD. Following the Civil War, in 1869, the McGarrah farm was bought by the Masan family, subdivided and the lots sold, referred to as the Masonic Addition. In the 1870's several homes were constructed on the large lots of the subdivision. Portions of the land were subdivided again and built on in the 1880's and thereafter. The Masonic Addition represented Fayetteville's first reconstruction period following www.accessfayetteville.erg/governmentiplannirrgfaty_Plan_2030 2-3 Fayetteville, Early 1900s Source: A Shared History: Fayetteville, Arkanaor and the ilaivcraily ofArkansas, University ofArkawas Libraries the Civil War. The initial filling in of antebellum homes began in this addition and was significant because of the many students, lawyers, administrators and faculty of the University who would make their homes here. in 1871, Fayetteville was chosen as the site of the land-grant Arkansas Industrial University. A north -south railroad was constructed through town in 1882, confirming the growth of Fayetteville's initial phase. In the 1890's, Fayetteville established itself as a banking and distribution center and, ultimately, the hub of prosperous tourist, lumber and fruit -processing industries. It was during this period of prosperous growth that two of Fayetteville's current Historic Districts, Mt. Nord and Washington -Willow, became the area of more prestigious residences. These districts attracted bankers, lawyers, lumber merchants, furniture manufacturers, university professors, railroad men and wholesale grocers. The homes were large and many had servants. At the turn of the century, many households rented rooms to tourists and university students. Beginning in the 1890's, many of the Large Lots were again subdivided and the process of infill with smaller homes and student housing initiated. POST-WAR INDUSTRIAL EXPANSION. Fayetteville's third transition in growth and development followed the Second World War. Approximately 60 percent of Fayetteville's residential stock was built following the depression years, with most of it coming after World War 11. This was encourged by the fact that the federal government began insuring mortgages on new homes and that building materials were plentiful and inexpensive. Also, at this time, there were few code regulations guiding the growth and development of the city. Rapid growth during this period resulted in greater demands for housing, community services, space for University of Arkansas expansion and space for parking. During this same period (1945-1958), Fayetteville experienced a rapid growth in commercial uses. New business enterprises were forced to locate along existing traffic arteries due to the lack of available space in the central business district. Some chose to locate on vacant lots between residential areas. Although these businesses were able to purchase land at more reasonable rates and to occupy larger sites, their proximity to downtown and related business enterprises was markedly diminished. Fayetteville's first industries continued to expand during this period. it was during this phase of growth that a shift from railroad service to truck service was realized. Wholesalers, bakeries, hatcheries, repair services and other traditional commercial enterprises, once located along the railroad but needing space and access to truck routes, were forced to scatter to larger sites. www.accessfayetteviite.orygovernmenupiatioing/city_Pian_20 30 2-4 Fayetteville, Early 19005 Source: A Sloane' Fayetteville. Mamas and the Clothvraity leArkansas. Universilyakkansas Libraries The transition in industry from non -durable goods to durable goods resulted in a similar need for larger sites and highway frontage versus railroad siding. Thus, industries began scattering throughout the southwest quarter of the city. UNIVERSITY EXPANSION. The fourth major transition in growth and expansion of Fayetteville occurred between 1960 and 1970 and paralleled the expansion experienced by the University of Arkansas. From 1960 to 1965, the University doubted in enrollment, creating an unanticipated demand for dormitories, apartments and small houses near the campus. The initial market reaction to this demand resulted in numerous conversions of older homes and garages near campus into boarding houses and apartments. - When the large-scale multi -family housing boom occurred, most were built within existing residential areas that were near the University. The growth that accompanied the University's expansion created an even greater demand for commercial services. New commercial establishments, in response to the increased demand, began locating outside the traditional center. Due to the sloping topography on either side, new establishments located in narrow bands along existing major streets, creating the first commercial strip. NEW ERA. Between 1970 and 1990, Fayetteville grew at a fairly steady rate of 1.6 to 1.9 percent per year. Between 1990 and 2000, Fayetteville grew at an annual compound rate of 3.2 percent, and between 2000 and 2010 at a rate of 2.4%. Residential, commercial and industrial uses have all experienced significant increases_ Subdivision and large-scale development activity indicate that the area is entering a new era of growth, one based on expansion of the region as a whole. Meanwhile, the University of Arkansas, who in 2010 experienced its largest numerical enrollment increase since 1946, continues to have a major impart on attracting residents, students and professionals to the city. The effect on the local economy derived from the University's presence has a supporting and stabilizing effect on the community -at -Large. The University has also attracted specialized community activities that enable Fayetteville to remain the cultural center of the region. The most notable of these is the Walton Arts Center, which has given new emphasis to the link between the University and downtown and between the region and downtown in general. Recently, Fayetteville has experienced a more active role on both the public and private level in revitalizing and preserving the character of its past. This effort brings the current development phase full circle as planning for the future builds upon the community's rich heritage. Both new and old play a vital role in the community's success. wwwaccessfayettevl[Ie.orglgovernrnentlplanning/Cky PIan_2O30 2-5 2.4 Regional Growth Transitions Historically, the smaller communities within Washington County and Northwest Arkansas have served as semi -autonomous incorporations, providing the basic needs of the mostly residential occupants. Fayetteville, with 37 percent of the County's population, plus the location of the University of Arkansas, served as the governmental, economic, and cultural center of the area. FAYETTEVILLE-SPRINGDALE TRANSITION. The traditional relationship of urban center and surrounding smatter communities began a transition that became somewhat noticeable by 1970 and dramatically evident by 1980. It was first marked by the emergence of Springdale as a major employment center with 3,700 new jobs added between 1970 and 1980, compared to 4,600 for the much larger Fayetteville. The figures suggested the emergence of a twin -cities economy between Fayetteville and Springdale. Population during the same period showed a similar pattern: Springdale, with an increase of 5,994, rose from 18 to 23 percent of the County total, while Fayetteville's increase of 5,430 dropped it from 36 to 35 percent of the total. The U.S. Bureau of the Census recognized this new status when it identified the two cities as the Fayetteville -Springdale Metropolitan Statistical Area (VISA) in 1980. NORTHWEST ARKANSAS REGION TRANSITION. The second metamorphosis of the area started in the 1990's with the regionalization of Northwest Arkansas, consisting predominantly of Washington and Benton counties. The entire region is becoming a more diversified and integrated economic unit through the expansion of tourism, Wal-Mart and related services, and the Northwest Arkansas Regional Airport. Between 1990 and 2000, Washington County's population increased by 44,306, or 39.1 percent and Benton County's increased by 55,907, or 57.3 percent. In 1990, the U.S. Bureau of the Census once again recognized the significant growth in Fayetteville and surrounding areas by changing the metropolitan statistical area name to Fayetteville -Springdale -Rogers MSA_ The 2010 Census shows that Benton County is now the more populous county with 221,339 people compared to 203,065 people in Washington county. This newly gained regional status means that all of the cities of the region are now both competitors and partners in attracting significant economic growth. Having achieved the threshold level of a major economic center due to their joint size and resources, each are now catalysts for one another's development. Whereas larger industries may have previously looked at labor force and other production resources of individual cities as limited, the now combined resources are attracting national attention. www.accessfayettevllle.org/government/plarming/City_Plan_2030 2-6 3 DEMOGRAPHICS Population by Ape Group 2000 ■ Undsrs years • 5 to 9 ruar_ G 17 to 14 rears 015 to 19 years ■ 20 to 21 years ■ 25 to 34 years ■ 35 to 44 years 045 to 54 years . to 59 years . e0 Lo 64 rears 048 to 74 roars ■ 75 to 84 years 3.1 Population Trends 3.2 Gender 3.3 Ethnic Origin 3.4 Age 3.5 Households 3.6 Educational Attainment 3.7 Population Projections www. ac ces slayer Levi I le, arglgave rn mentJp lanni ng/C ity_P la n_20 30 3.1 Population Trends HISTORIC TREND. Viewed on a decennial basis, Fayetteville's 70 -year population growth has been sporadic, affected in part by major annexations in the 1960s and significant growth in Northwest Arkansas between 1980 and 2000. As Table 3.1 shows, the greatest period of growth was recorded between 1940 and 1950 with a percent increase of 107 percent. Between 1950 and 1960, the growth rate declined to 19,1 percent. Between 1960 and 1970, the growth rate experienced another surge at 51.6 percent. Between 1970 and 1990, the growth rate remained relatively steady, varying between 15 percent and 19 percent. CURRENT POPULATION. The 2010 Census found that Fayetteville's population is 73,580, an increase of approximately 27 percent from 2000. Approximately 28 percent of the 2010 population can be attributed to the presence of the University of Arkansas, which had a 2010 fall enrollment of over 21,000 students. 00434 450,010 400,044 n0,00 300.010 650.090 40.40 15044 100.44 5044 Historic Population 061$63 311.121 20.101 41.111 02 s'r 1940 1950 1960 1976 1910 140 2000 2616 This continued increase reflects the growth in Northwest Arkansas, which experienced an increase of 49 percent in the same time period. Both of the increases are considerably higher than the increase in population for Arkansas. Due to growth in surrounding areas, Fayetteville's share of the region's population has dropped from 39 percent in 1970 to 16 percent in 2010, but has grown from 1.6 percent of the state's population in 1970 to 2.5 percent in 2010. www.accessfayettevikig,orgigovernmentlptanning/City_Plan_20 30 tF ayelreville —s—MSA sal/me: MI.ril:an Community survey 2009 3.2 Gender The American Community Survey shows a fairly even split between men and women in Fayetteville, the MSA and Arkansas, with little difference in the gender breakdown between 2000 and 2009. 3.3 Ethnic Origin FAYETTEVILLE ETHNIC CHARACTERISTICS. Fayetteville experienced Little change in the representation of different ethnic groups from 2000, with the exception of an almost two percentage increase in people who identified themselves as Hispanic. Approximately 86 percent of the population identified themselves as White and 6 percent as African-American, which is the second largest ethnic group_ The significant decline in the White population percentage in Fayetteville occurred between 1990 and 2000 when the White population dropped from 93 percent to 86.5 percent of the total. This decline was a result of significant increases in the African-American and Hispanic populations during the same time period. The number of African-Americans almost doubled between 1990 and 2000, and the Hispanic population more than quadrupled between 1990 and 2000. TABLE 3.1 GENDER Fayettevile, HW Arkansas, Arkansas (2000 8 2009 Gender Fayetteville PASA Arkansas Percent of Total Population Population Percent Population Percent Population Percent 2010 2009 2009 2009 Male 36,415 50 220,276 50 1,388,745 49 Female 36,413 50 221.376 50 1,449,398 51 2,439 2000 2000 2000 Male 29,458 50.7 154,697 49.7 1,304693 48,8 Female 28,589 49.3 156,424 50.3 1,368,707 512 Spume. 0.S. Census TABLE 3.2 ETHNIC ORIGIN rayenevine {zuuu is nnul Popu ation Percent of Total Population Ethnic Origin 2810 2000 2010 2000 White 61,681 50,212 86 86.5 African-American 4,379 2,969 8 5.1 American Indian, Eskimo or Aleut 785 730 1 1.3 Asian or Pacific Islands 2,439 1574 3 2.7 Other Ethnic Group 2,054 1,158 3 2.0 Two or More 2,262 1,404 3 2.4 Hispanic Origin {of any group)' 4.725 2.821 6.6 4.9 • Hispanics may consist of one or more of the above groups. Source: U.S. Census www. acressfayetteviIle.org/government1pIanntngFCity_Plan_2030 TABLE 3.3 ETHNIC ORIGIN NW Arkansas and Arkansas (1990 & 2000) Percent of Total Population Ethnic Origin NSA Arkansas 2010 2000 2010 2000 White 81.1 59.4 78.5 80.0 African-American 2.0 1.3 15,7 15.7 American Indian, EskimoorAleut 1.4 1.4 .8 .7 Asian or Pacific Islands 3.7 1.5 1.5 .9 Other Ethnic Group 8.8 4.2 3.5 1.5 Two or More 2.7 1.9 2 1.3 Hispanic Origin (of any group)' 15.5 8.4 8.5 3.2 Hispanics may consist of one or more of the above groups. Source: U.S. Census REGIONAL TRENDS. While Arkansas diversified in the Last 10 years, Northwest Arkansas diversified even more. The White population declined by eight percent, while the African-American population increase by one percent, the Asian American and Pacific Islander population increased by two percent, and the population that self -identified as another ethnic group increased by over four percent. Notably, the Hispanic population increased by over 7 percent, almost doubling in population from 2000. This reflects the findings in a report completed by the Urban Institute and funded by the Winthrop Rockefeller Foundation in 2007 that found a significant increase in the Hispanic population in Arkansas overall and particularly in Northwest Arkansas. .1 77'„1, ” . t -~. - . : Rc?c,s;r:[k ...^riu:f- ........ www, occas s f ayettevi I le - orglgove rn mentlp la n ni n glCity_P I a n_20 30