HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-83 RESOLUTION•
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RESOLUTION N0. Silt -23
A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THE MAYOR AND CITY CLERK
TO EXECUTE AN AGREEMENT WITH CH94 HILL SOUTHEAST, INC.
FOR WASTE WATER ENGINEERING SERVICES.
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CITY OF
FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS:
That the Mayor and City Clerk are hereby authorized and
directed to execute an agreement with CH2M Hill Southeast, Inc.
for waste water engineering services. A copy of the contract
authorized for execution hereby is attached hereto, marked
Exhibit "A", and made a part hereof.
.w.,, PASSED AND APPROVED this 'i day of July, 1983.
o
,:
COUOI
"ATTEST:
By:
APPROVED:
By:
4 r
Mayor
?di -Lee&
AGREEMENT TO FURNISH WASTEWATER ENGINEERING
SERVICES TO THE CITY OF ?AYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS
Basic Agreement
This Agreement made this AO day of
between the firm of CH2M HILL Southeast, Inc.() heMinafter
referred to as the ENGINEER, and the City of Fayetteville,
Arkansas, hereinafter referred to as the OWNER, wherein the
ENGINEER agrees to provide certain engineering services as
defined in Article 1 and for the consideration defined in
Article 2 herein.
ARTICLE 1
The OWNER, utilizing the Professional Contract Policy
(adopted April 21, 1981) for the selection of firms to
provide professional services, has selected the ENGINEER to
provide the necessary services to implement a wastewater
program to serve the City of Fayetteville. These services,
when requested by the OWNER, will be described in specific
Task Orders which become a part of this Agreement upon
execution. The ENGINEER agrees to perform the services
described in the Task Orders after execution by both parties
to the agreement.
The services provided by the ENGINEER are anticipated to
include Design Services (Task Order 1), Services during
Construction (Task Order 2), and Plant Operation and
Maintenance Services (Task Order 3). The ENGINEER
guarantees that the treatment facilities to be designed and
constructed, will consistently meet the applicable NPDES
permit limits for a period of two years following plant
start-up, provided Services during Construction (Task Order
2) and Plant Operation and Maintenance Services (Task Order
3) are provided to the OWNER by the ENGINEER. Services to
be provided under Task Order 2 shall include but shall not
be limited to:
1) Preparation of a Plan of Operation
2) Bid advertising and sale of plans and
specifications at the Engineer's cost
3) Pre bid conference assistance and follow-up
4) Bid evaluation/recommendation
5) Pre -construction meeting assistance
6) Shop drawing submitted review
7) COE/Regulatory coordination
8) Resident and field engineering services
9) Preparation of record drawings
10) Grant administration submittal
c
11) Preparation of Operation and Maintenance manual
12) Operation certification
The ENGINEER agrees to provide a draft of Task Order 3 to
the OWNER within 60 days following execution of Task Order 1
and to make every effort to conclude final negotiations
within 30 additional days. Task Order 3 will detail
provisions of the plant operation, guarantee, penalties,
compensation, and other provisions relative to this service.
ARTICLE 2
The compensation for services to be provided will be
negotiated will be specified in each Task Order.
ARTICLE 3
Payment to the ENGINEER for services provided as described
in Article 1 is to be made within 15 days after date of
billing, the amount due will be for services rendered during
the previous month, unless prescribed differently in the
Task Order.
ARTICLE 4
It is further mutually agreed by the parties hereto:
4.1 That the OWNER will designate a representative to
direct and coordinate the ENGINEER's efforts who will
be the only source of instructions to the ENGINEER and
who shall have the authority to interpret the OWNER's
policy as necessary to maintain the ENGINEER's work
schedule, administer the Agreement, and certify the
ENGINEER's payment request.
4.2 That the OWNER shall make available to the ENGINEER all
technical data in the OWNER's possession, including
maps, surveys, borings, and other information required
by the ENGINEER and relating to his work.
4.3 That, the estimates of cost for the Projects provided
for herein are to be prepared by the ENGINEER through
exercise of his experience and judgement in applying
presently available cost data, but it is recognized
that the ENGINEER has no control over cost of labor and
materials conditions, so that he cannot warrant that
the project construction costs will not vary from his
cost estimates.
4.4 That, the ENGINEER's Salary Overheads are defined as a
percentage of wages or salaries of employees working
and premiums measured by or applicable at the time of
performance to such wages or salaries, such as, but not
limited to, Worker's Compensation Insurance, Social
Security, State and Federal unemployment insurance,
medical -hospital insurance, salary continuation
insurance, pension plan costs, and pro rata allowances
for vacation, sick pay, and holiday pay. — Direct Salary
plus Salary Overhead is defined as Payroll Cost.
4.5 That, the ENGINEER's direct expenses are defined as the
costs incurred on or directly for the Project, other
than the Salary and General Overhead Costs (as defined
hereinbefore). Such direct expenses shall be computed
on the basis of actual purchase price for items
obtained from commercial sources and on the basis of
usual commercial charges for items provided by the
ENGINEER. Direct expenses shall include, but not be
limited to, necessary transportation costs, including
mileage at the ENGINEER's current rate per mile when
the ENGINEER's own automobiles are used, meals, and
lodging, laboratory tests and analyses, computer
services, word processing services, telephone,
printing, binding, and multilith charges.
4.6 That, in soils investigation work and in determining
subsurface conditions for the Project, the
characteristics may vary greatly between successive
test points and sample intervals. The ENGINEER will
perform this work in accordance with generally accepted
soils engineering practices and makes no other
warranties, expressed or implied, as to the
professional advice provided under the terms of this
Agreement.
4.7 That, if payment of the amount due as prescribed in
Article 2, or any portion thereof, is not made within
the period specified in Article 3, interest on the
unpaid balance thereof will accure at the rate of 12
percent per annum and become due and payable at the
time said overdue payments are made.
4.8 That, the Engineer shall maintain a level of competency
presently maintained by other practicing professional
engineers in the same type of work in the southeastern
United States, for the professional and technical
soundness and accuracy of all designs, drawings,
specifications, and other work and materials furnished
under this Agreement.
4.9 Either party may terminate this Agreement any time by a
notice in writing to the other party. If the Agreement
is terminated as provided herein, the ENGINEER will be
paid for services actually performed; the amount of
said payment shall bear the same ratio to the total
compensation specified in the executed task orders as
the services actually performed bear to the total
services of the Engineer covered by the executed task
orders, less payments of compensation previously made.
4.10 The OWNER may, from time to time, request changes in
the scope of the services of the ENGINEER to be
performed hereunder. Such changes, including any
increase or decrease in the amount of the ENGINEER;s
compensation, which are mutually agreed upon by and
between the OWNER and the ENGINEER, shall be
incorporated in written amendments to this Agreement.
4.11 That, the OWNER, shall pay for all costs of publishing
advertisements for bids and for obtaining permits and
licenses that may be required by local, State, or
Federal authorities and shall secure the necessary
land, easements and rights-of-way as described by the
ENGINEER.
4.12 That, all claims, counter -claims, disputes and other
matters in question between the OWNER and the ENGINEER
arising out of or relating to this Agreement or in the
breach thereof will be decided by arbitration only if
both parties hereto specifically agree to the use of
arbitration in regard to the individual matter in
dispute.
4.13 That, in the event of any legal or other controversy
requiring. the services of the ENGINEER in providing
expert testimony in connection with the Project, except
suits or claims by third parties against the OWNER
arising out of errors or omissions of the ENGINEER, the
OWNER shall pay the ENGINEER for services rendered in
regard to such legal or other controversy, on a basis
to be negotiated.
That, the OWNER will pay the ENGINEER for labor and
expenses incurred in satisfying the requirements and
assisting in any audit required by the OWNER, the
United States Environmental Protection Agency, the
Comptroller General, the United States Department of
Labor, the State Regulatory Agency or any of their duly
authorized representatives. The basis of payment will
be specified in an Amendment to this Agreement.
4.14 That, visits to the construction site and observations
made by the ENGINEER as part of his services shall not
relieve the construction contractor(s) of his
obligation to conduct comprehensive inspections of the
work sufficient to ensure conformance with the intent
•
of the Contract Documents, and shall not relieve the
construction dontractor(s) of his full responsibility
for all construction means, methods, techniques,
sequences, and procedures necessary for coordinating
and completing all portions of the work under the
construction contract(s) and for all safety precautions
incidental thereto. Such visits by the ENGINEER are
not to be construed as part of the inspection duties of
the on-site inspection personnel defined in other parts
of this AGREEMENT.
4.15 That, the ENGINEER shall provide on-site inspection
personnel and will make reasonable efforts to guard the
OWNER against defects and deficiencies in the work of
the contractor(s) and to help determine if the
construction contract has been fulfilled. Their
day-to-day inspection will not, however, cause the
ENGINEER to be responsible for those duties and
responsibilities which belong to the construction
contractor(s) and which include, but are not limited
to, full responsibility for the techniques and
sequences of construction and the safety precautions
incidental thereto, and for performing the construction
work in accordance with the Contract Documents.
4.16 That the ENGINEER has the right to subcontract services
however the OWNER has the right to reject
Subcontractors who perform work on the project in
excess of $50,000.
4.17 All documents including drawings, specifications,
estimates, field notes and other data pertaining to the
work or to the project shall become the property of the
OWNER. The OWNER shall not be restricted in the
subsequent use of the design, design documents or ideas
incorporated in the work. However, the ENGINEER shall
bear no responsibility for such reuse of the design
unless specifically agreed to in writing.
4.18 That, this Agreement is to be binding on the heirs,
successors, and assigns of the parties hereto and is
not to be assigned by either party without first
obtaining the written consent of the other.
ARTICLE 5
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto each herewith
subscribe the same in triplicate.
`ATTEST:
• i
FOR T �CITTY F FAYETTEVILLE,,ARKANSAS
By: ( Call / � "Gv
(Name) (Title)
2 ,g)14(,.,-_
ATTEST:
169.4144,601,
7h/CGT/032
FOR CH2M HILL SOUTHEAST, INC.///
(Title)
By
Dated this day of
1983
TASK ORDER NUMBER 1
DETAIL DESIGN OF 201 FACILITY PLAN
RECOMMENDED IMPROVEMENT
This Task Order amends Articles 1, 2, and 5 of the Basic
Agreement executed between CH2M HILL Southeast,
Inc., (ENGINEER) and the City of Fayettville, Arkansas
(OWNER) on the or"- day of P , 1983.
ARTICLE 1
On March 22, 1983, the ENGINEER presented to the OWNER a
detailed cost and technical proposal for engineer services.
Since the proposal, the ENGINEER has amended the 201
Facility Plan and has submitted the amended plan to the
appropriate agencies for review. Agency approval is ,
anticipated to require several months, however, only minor
modifications to the proposed facilities are anticipated.
This is the basis for the Scope of Services described
herein.
A summary description of the facilities to be designed is
shown in Table 6-7 and 6-8 of the June, 1983, 201 Facility
Plan which plan is incorporated herein by reference thereto
and made a part thereof. The sewer rehabilitation program
described in the Facility Plan is not included in this work.
The objectives of these services are to provide plans and
specifications of the facilities to allow competitive
bidding and to allow the submittal of a complete Step III
grant application. Specific services include:
1. Develop a predesign which will be the final basis
of design.
2. Provide value engineering to meet state and
federal requirement.
3. Complete the design of plans and preparation of
specifications. The number of projects to be bid
will be determined by the ENGINEER in the
predesign effort.
4. Provide necessary topographic and boundary surveys
and necessary easement descriptions.
5. Provide necessary geotechnical studies.
Prepare Step III grant application; and, prepare
and process all paper work required for said grant
application.
7 Provide five (5) sets of the final plans and
specifications.
All of the above services shall be completed on or before
May 1, 1984. Time is expressly made of the essence of this
Agreement.
ARTICLE 2
The total compensation for services to be provided in
Article 1 is to be a lump sum in the amount of $1,550,000.
ARTICLE 3
Payment to the ENGINEER for services as described in Article
1 is to be made within 15 days after date of billing. Prior
to the initial billing, the ENGINEER will provide the OWNER
with a budget for each of the seven (7) items described in
Article 1 and each billing will be for an amount which bears
the same ratio to the total compensation for each item as
the services actually performed bear to the total services
to be performed for each item.
ARTICLE 5
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto each herewith
subscribe the same in triplicate.
ATTEST:
•
7TEVILLEARKANSAS
(Title)
FOR CH2M HILL SOUTHEAST, INC.
ATTEST:
)h/CGT/032
Glege (Title)
Dated this day of )tib , 1.983
-MICROFILMED
TASK ORDER NUMBER 5
ENGINEERING SERVICES - ELECTRICAL REDESIGN
Task Order Number 5 amends the Basic Agreement executed be-
tween CH2M HILL Southeast, Inc. (Engineer), and'the City of
Fayetteville, Arkansas (Owner), on the 20th day of July
1983.
ARTICLE 1
The scope of work for this Task Order is:'
The Engineer will redesign the electrical service to
the treatment plant and the sludge management site per
a proposal from the Contractor from Ozarks Electric
Cooperative. The net effect of the change is an over-
all decrease in project cost to the City.
ARTICLE 2
As consideration for providing the services enumerated in
Article 1 above, the Owner shall pay the Engineer on the
basis of raw labor plus 163% for overhead plus 15% for prof-
it plus all project related direct expenses. Subcontractor
costs will be marked up 5%. The cost shall not exceed
$2,775 unless an increase is authorized by the City in writ-
ing.
ARTICLE 3
Payment to the Engineer for services provided as described
in Article 1 is due to be made within 30 days after date of
billing.
jh/MGDS/017
EXHIBIT A
ARTICLE 4
IN WITNESS
scribe the
ATTEST:
WHEREOF, the parties hereto each herewith sub -
same in triplicate.
FOR TI3E CfITY FA3Y T 'EVILLE, ARKANSAS
By:
ATT ST:
jh/MGDS/017
FOR C HILL SOUTHEAST, INC.
By:
Name)
Zedal
(Title)
'Dated this 4th date of November, 1985
•
•
TASK ORDER NUMBER 6 MICROFILMED
PROFESSIONAL SERVICES - EVIDENTIARY HEARING
Task Order Number 6 amends the Basic Agreement executed between
CH2M-Hill Southeast, Inc. (Engineer), and the City of
Fayetteville, Arkansas (Owner), on the 20th day of July, 1983.
Article 1
The scope of work is to provide engineering services on an as
needed basis in support of the Owner's efforts for the
evidentiary hearing granted to Oklahoma by the EPA.
Article 2
As consideration for providing the services enumerated in Article
1 above, the Owner shall pay the Engineer on the basis of raw
labor plus 163% for overhead plus 151 for profit plus all project
related direct expenses. Subcontractor costs will be marked up
57... The cost shall not exceed $20,000 unless an increase is
authorized by the City in writing.
Article 3
Payment to the Engineer for services provided as described in
Article 1 is due to be made within 30 days after date of billing.
Article 4
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto each herewith subscribe
the same in triplicate.
ATTEST:
ATTEST:Ay
'HILL SOUJHEAST,
By: X//�/t��i(�
Name
INC•
{/
/ / Dyec///k G96Y
Title
Dated this llth day of February , 1986
TASK ORDER NUMBER 7
SLUDGE MANAGEMENT SITE REDESIGN
Task Order -Number 7 amends the Basic Agreement executed be-
tween CH2M HILL Southeast, Inc. (Engineer), and the City of
Fayetteville, Arkansas (Owner), on the 20th day of July,
1983.
Article 1
The scope of work is to provide engineering services to re-
design the Sludge Management System to include the City's
recent acquisition of the 40 -acre parcel bounded on the west
and north by Wyman Road.
Article 2
As consideration for providing the services enumerated in,
Aiticle 1 above; the Ovrner`shall"pay the Engineer on the '-
basis of raw labor plus 163% for overhead plus 15% for prof-
it plus all project related direct expenses. Subcontractor
costs will be marked up 5%. The cost shall not exceed
$1,700 unless an increase is authorized by the City in
writing.
Article 3
Payment to the Engineer for services provided as described
in Article 1 is due to be made within 30 days after date of
billing.
Article 4
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto each herewith sub-
scribe the same in triplicate.
ATTEST:
FOR THE -CITY? 7TT VIL E, ARKANSAS
Name � Tit e.
By
FOR CH2? ILL •SOUTTHHEAS , INC.
By: r..A G/ Fro�./ys.'x,P�
Name Title
Dated this -2 ¢- day of FruGry - , 1986
v, Rt-JQtC
jh/DS2/047
• ,fJLrttsrIuntiv
TASK ORDER NUMBER 8
EXISTING PLANT EQUIPMENT REHABILITATION
DESIGN AND SERVICES DURING CONSTRUCTION
Task Order Number 8 amends the Basic Agreement executed be
tween CH2M HILL Southeast, Inc. (Engineer), and the City of
Fayetteville, Arkansas (Owner), on the 20th day of July,
1983.
Article 1
The scope of work is to provide engineering services to
prepare an addendum to the facility plan, prepare design
plans and specifications for bidding the rehabilitation of
the existing wastewater treatment plant's bar screens and
conveyor, vacuators, grit separators, classifiers, pumps and
conveyor, gravity thickeners and air float thickeners.
The bid documents will be prepared to phase the work such
that maximum use of the grant contingency for both the FY84
and 85 grants can be made as well as use of any additional
FY86 grant or FY87 grant money that may become available.
The Engineer shall also perform the engineering services
during construction, including shop drawing review and
resident observation. The resident observation is based on
an assumed need of a resident observer half time for 20
weeks of construction.
Article 2
As consideration for providing the services enumerated in
Article 1 above, the Owner shall pay the Engineer on the
basis of raw labor plus 163% for overhead plus 15% for prof-
it plus all project related direct expenses. Subcontractor
costs will be marked up 5%. The cost shall not exceed
$65,595 unless an increase is authorized by the City in
writing.
Article 3
Payment to the Engineer for services provided as described
in Article 1 is due to be made within 30 days after date of
billing.
Article 4
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto each herewith sub-
scribe the same in triplicate.
FOR ITY F YETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS
Nam
B
ATTEST:
T
FOR/CJH2M, •. LL SO/U/�/TH ST, INC. / ems.
Title
ATTEST:
- la _ c&Y ct
7h/DS2/047
By:
Name
Dated this ;/ day of 19ey/./ , 1986
Z `.
sateertumo
TASK ORDER NO. 8
AMENDMENT 1
EXISTING PLANT EQUIPMENT REHABILITATION
DESIGN AND SERVICES DURING CONSTRUCTION
This Amendment No. 1 amends Task Order No. 8 executed
between CH2M Hill Southeast, Inc. (Engineer) and the City of•
Fayetteville, Arkansas (Owner) on April 21, 1986.
Article 1
The amended scope of work is toinclude preparation of
design plans and specifications for bidding rehabilitation
or replacement, as appropriate, of the existing non -potable
water system;. pump #28 (future digested sludge transfer
pump) and valves; the slide gates in the diversion box on
the east side of lift station #2; the plant and storm sump
pumps and controls; removal of old coil filter filtrate
pumps; demolition of the filtrate pump and coil filter
vacuum pump concrete mounting pads; the grit pumps, motors
and controls; baffle plates downstream of bar screens;
rodding and cleaning of suction and discharge pipeline from
pump #11 and #12, #13 and #14; demolish the scum holding
tank; the 2 six-inch valves in the drain lines for the #1
and #2 gravity thickeners; the six-inch valve in line #38
supplying activated sludge to the #1 diversion box; the
six-inch valve in line #85 which supplys activated sludge to
the #1' Lift Station; the eight -inch valve in Line #24
from the #1 Lift Station which can supply primary influent
to air eductors and/or DAF .units; the 16 -inch valve in Line
#61 which allows choice between primary influent and process
water to DAF's and. pumps #5 and #6; the four personnel doors
and frames for the bar screen room; the four outside
personnel doors; the roll -up door with personnel door for
the north bay opening on the east side of the lower level;
two 7' x 16' metal frame windows on the east wall located
above the sludge holding tank; replacement of several broken
panes of glass in the existing windows together with
glazing; and repair work on the other doors not listed
herein.
Article 2
As consideration for performing the additional services
enumerated in Article 1 above the total amended cost shall
be increased by $3,600 to a cost not to exceed $69,195
unless authorized by the City in writing.
MGDS/040
Article 4
In witness whereof, the parties hereto each herewith
subscribe the same in triplicate:
ATTEST:
VILLARKANSAS
FOR CH2M ILL SOUTHEAST, INC. e
BY: � 4�%4/'�,
Nam i le
DATED:
A GG tAY OF �Zlilat � %
G//, 1986
MGDS/040
Appendix A - Resumes and Appendix B Background
to the
PROPOSAL
for
STEP 1.- PLANNING
and
STEP 2- DESIGN
ENGINEERING SERVICES
presented to
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE
FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS
March 18,1983
C142M 11 HILL
in association with
McClelland Consulting Engineers Inc.
0-273
IMPLEMENTATION
of
WHITE RIVER
ALTERNATIVE
9 of 9
1
1
1�
1'
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
MICRPHLME,.
Ws - 9\
Appendix A
Resumes
ci® CLIFF G. THOMPSON
ISa Project Manager
Education
Ph.D., Environmental Engineering, University of
Florida, 1971
M.S., Sanitary Engineering, Georgia Institute of
Technology, 1967
B.S., Civil Engineering, Auburn University, 1963
Experience
Dr. Thompson, with over 18 years experience in the
water supply and treatment field, is well qualified
to meet the specific needs of this project. As a
public health engineer with the Alabama State
Health Department, he has worked with the Calera
and Montevallo water systems many times.. He has been
involved in water treatment process development,
national water plant sludge disposal studies, and
has managed many projects involving water system
development and improvement. Work under his direction
specifically related to the proposed project include:
Project Manager for full water plant scale
studies in Montgomery, Alabama; Melbourne,
Florida; Johnson County, Kansas; Dallas, Texas;
and Dayton, Ohio.
■ Project Manager for the EPA Water Industry
Guidelines Study. Over 120 water plants were
visited throughout the county and a document was
prepared on effluent guidelines and the
technologies available to the water supply
industry.
Project Manager during this construction phase
of the Huntsville Water Plant. Services included
the preparation of the Operation and Maintenance
Manual. The innovative sludge dewatering system
was presented to the AWWA meetings by Dr. Thompsor.
in Tennessee and Pennsylvania..
■ Project Manager of the Water System Master Plan
for Alexander City, Alabama. This plan des-
cribed three phases of implementation that have
proven cost effective and have met the needs of th
city. In Phase 1, the existing plant was up-
graded to obtain maximum capacity available,
the distribution system was improved to assure
that water was available where needed, and
u
the storage tanks were telemetered to the water
plant to manage furnished water pumping. The
second phase of the project included the design
and construction of a new water plant while the
third phase recommended future distribution
system improvements.
The project was coordinated to assure that the financ
were adequate to cover the construction and operating
costs. Water rate studies were performed and assis-
tance was provided to the financing agencies. ARC
grants were obtained to assist in the facility
financing.
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•- JAMES L. HAWLEY
Manager, Water and Wastewater Division
Education
M.S., Sanitary Engineering, Iowa State University, 1964
B.S., Civil Engineering, Iowa State University, 1962
Experience
Mr. Hawley is currently involved in a wide range of water and wastewater
projects, as follows:
■ Chief engineer for planning, design, operation, and maintenance of
wastewater treatment plants on the Mississippi Gulf Coast, for the
Gulf Coast Wastewater Authority.
■ Design of water treatment plant improvements for the Ft. Pierce
Utilities Authority, Ft. Pierce, Florida.
■ WWTP evaluations for the City of Gainesville, Florida's, Kanapaha
Plant, Ft. Pierce Utilities Authority,.and Gulf Coast Wastewater
Authority.
■ Value Engineering —Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, and New York City
Wastewater Treatment Plants.
■ Project Manager of Hazardous Waste Installation Restoration
Program for Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts.
Prior to joining CH2M HILL, Mr. Hawley was director of the Environmental
Engineering Department with Clark, Dietz, and Associates Engineers, Inc.
He was responsible for the planning, design, and construction of projects
dealing with industrial and municipal waste treatment, water supply,
drainage, hydrology, and environmental assessment.
Specific projects in the Midwest on which Mr. Hawley had major responsi-
bilities include:
■ Combined sewer overflow studies for the Cities of Galesburg and
Joliet, Illinois.
■ Final design of advanced wastewater treatment plants employing
activated sludge, high purity oxygen, nitrification, and filtration,
including a 125-mgd plant for the City of Indianapolis, Indiana.
■ Value Engineering Analyses at a major industrial waste facility
for the Holston Army Ammunition Plant in Tennessee, and advanced
waste treatment plants for the Cities of Champagne -Urbana, Illinois,
and Richmond, Indiana.
-
JAMES L. HAWLEY
■ Design of combined sewer overflow containment and treatment
system for the City of Peoria, Illinois.
■ Conceptual and final design of the Illinois Environmental Resources
Training Center at Edwardsville, Illinois. The Center provides
training to waste and wastewater treatment plant operators in
Illinois.
Professional Engineer Registrations
Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, North Carolina, Ohio
Membership in Organizations
American Water Works Association
Water Pollution Control Federation
American Society of Civil Engineers
• KENNETH J. MILLER
Vice President and Director, Water Engineering
Education
B.A., Chemistry, University of Colorado, 1953
Experience
As Director of Water Engineering, Mr. Miller is responsible for main-
taining firmwide technical excellence, quality control, technological
development and cost-effective project execution within the Water
Engineering Group.
Prior to assuming his position with CH2M HILL, Mr. Miller served
as Director of Planning and Water Resources for the Denver Water
Department. He also served as Director of Environment and Quality
Control, and Superintendent of Water Treatment and Water Quality
Control. Throughout his 17 -year association with the Denver Water
Department Mr. Miller was instrumental in planning and developing the
water supply for the metropolitan Denver area. Previously, he was in
charge of the environmental health laboratory with the City and
County of Denver.
Mr. Miller is serving as National President of the American Water
Works Association. He has held numerous other leadership positions
with that organization including those of National Director and Chair-
man of the Rocky Mountain Section in 1973-74. He is serving a
3 -year term- as a committee member of the National Academy of
Sciences, Assembly of Engineers.
He is a past member of the National Drinking Water Advisory Council
having completed his term in 1981. He is also serving on three other
national committees of the EPA.
He was Chairman of the 1977 Water Quality Technology Conference
in Kansas City, Missouri, and is a past director of the Colorado
Public Health Association and a past trustee of the Colorado Associa-
tion of Sanitarians.
Membership in Organizations
American Water Works Association
International Water Supply Association
National Academy of Sciences, Assembly of Engineers, Committee
Member
National Drinking Water Advisory Council, Past Council Member
National Environmental Health Association
Water Pollution Control Federation
KENNETH J. MILLER
Awards
American Water Works Association Fuller Award
Environmental Protection Agency, Certificate of Appreciation
Rocky Mountain Section, American Water Works Association, Distin-
guished Service Award --1970
Rocky Mountain Section, American Water Works Association, Past
Chairman's Award --1974
People -to -People International, Appreciation Award
People -to -People International, International Ambassador Award
National Water Quality Division, Past Chairman's Award
■ L. GENE SUHR
Senior Vice President and Director of Water,
Wastewater, and Environmental Sciences
Education
M.S., Sanitary Engineering, Harvard University, 1959
B.S., Civil Engineering, Kansas University, 1956
Experience
Mr. Suhr has the full range of project management responsibilities for major
comprehensive sewerage system studies, advanced wastewater treatment
plant designs, special industrial waste treatment projects, and water re-
clamation considerations. Major projects on which Mr. Suhr has served as
principal -in -charge include a 142-mgd, pure oxygen -activated sludge treat-
ment plant for the City and County of San Francisco, California; a 100-mgd
similar plant for Denver, Colorado; and a 30-mgd pure oxygen plant for
Salem, Oregon. He has served as principal -in -charge or project manager on
several additional conventional air -activated sludge treatment plants,
including Albany, Oregon; Colorado Springs, Colorado; Bend, Oregon; and
Maui, Hawaii.
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Mr. Suhr is internationally recognized for his work in advanced waste treat-
ment and wastewater reclamation. He served as project manager for the
nation's first advanced waste treatment (AWT) plant at South Lake Tahoe,
California, and as principal -in -charge and senior technical advisor on several
more recent AWT plants including a 132-mgd design for Montgomery
County, Maryland, and the Upper Occoquan Sewerage Authority
reclamation plant in Fairfax County, Virginia. Smaller AWT projects have
included plants at Tahoe -Truckee, California; Rock Creek, Oregon; and
Irvine, California. His leadership in the field of advanced waste treatment
has earned recognition in the form of commendation for engineering
excellence from the President of the United States and invitation by the U.S.
Secretary of Commerce to participate, in engineering trade missions to the
United Kingdom, France, and the Federal Republic of Germany. Other
overseas experience has included conversion to mixed media filtration of the
water plant serving Caracas, Venezuela, and direction of the first -place -
winning CH2M HILL consortium entry, in the international AWT design
contest for upgrading the Zurich, Switzerland, sewage treatment plant.
Mr. Suhr is also nationally recognized for his work in the specialty area of
sludge management. He served as project manager for the recently
completed Los Angeles/Orange County Metropolitan Area Sludge Man-
agement Study, which developed facilities planning for the management and
disposition of over 1 ,700.dry tons per day of sludge from waste treatment
for a population in excess of 10,000,000 persons. Additionally, he has
served as technical advisor to similar sludge studies for the San Francisco Bay
area; Minneapolis, Minnesota; and Boise, Idaho.
He is currently chief technical consultant on the Water Pollution Abatement
Program for the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District, Milwaukee,
Wisconsin. This project is currently recognized as the largest single public
works project in the world.
L. GENE SUHR
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Mr. Suhr has developed several equipment and process improvements in the
sanitary and wastewater reclamation field. These include an improved
sewage and industrial waste sampler, advanced equipment application, and
process techniques in tertiary treatment.
Professional Engineer Registration
Kansas
Membership in Organizations
American Consulting Engineers Council
Water Pollution Control Federation
Consulting Engineers Council of Oregon
American Water Works Association
Tau Beta Pi Honor Society
Sigma Tau Honor Society
Awards and Publications
Mr. Suhr has authored over 50 technical papers on various sanitary
engineering, water treatment, and wastewater treatment subjects. His papers
have appeared in publications including the Journal of the Water Pollution
Control Federation, Journal of the American Water Works Association,
Journal of Process Biochemistry (U.K.), and Water and Wastes Engineering.
Seminar publications include research symposia prepared for U.S. Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Environment Canada, American Society of Civil
Engineers, and the National Pollution Control Conference. He is the
principal author and editor of the textbook Wastewater Treatment Plant
Operation, prepared for the State of Washington, Department of Ecology.
Mr. Suhr is the recipient of commendations from the President of the United
States, the Secretary of Commerce of the United States, and the Admin-
istration of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. His AWT design at
South Lake: Tahoe, California, was selected as a U.S. Bicentennial award
winner and was also awarded a national ACEC Grand Conception award.
Other major awards include Grand Conceptor and Water and Wastes
Engineering magazine's Second Annual Engineering Excellence award for the
Kahei, Maui, plant and the American Consulting Engineers Grand Conceptor
award for the Upper Occoquan AWT plant.
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■ JOHN W. FILBERT
Vice President, Wastewater Reclamation
Education
M.S., Environmental Health Engineering, Kansas
University, 1962
B.S., Civil Engineering, Kansas University, 1961
Experience
As CH2M HILL's Director of Wastewater Reclamation, Mr. Filbert provides
technical and management consultation on numerous municipal wastewater
treatment projects. He provides technical guidance to over 140 wastewater
treatment specialists in conducting facilities plans, special studies, pilot
plant programs, designs and post design services, including plant startup,
operations, and troubleshooting.
Prior to assuming his current role in 1977, Mr. Filbert held a broad range of
management responsibilities in both municipal and industrial waste treat-
ment. This experience has included extensive work in advanced wastewater
treatment studies and designs, research and development programs, major
comprehensive sewerage system studies, major wastewater treatment plant
design, special industrial waste treatment projects, and water reclamation
programs. Typical project responsibilities include:
■ Project director on the 70-mgd average flow Eugene/ Springfield,
Oregon, Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant.
■ Chief engineer on CH2M HILL'S design work at San Francisco's
main (Southeast) wastewater treatment plant, which has a
142-mgd maximum capacity. -
■ Project director for a 60-mgd average flow advanced wastewater
treatment plant for the Washington Suburban Sanitary Com-
mission to serve the Montgomery County, Maryland area. and
provide indirect augmentation of the Washington, D.C. area
water supply.
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■ Design of award -winning 17-mgd average flow secondary waste-
water treatment plant for Idaho Falls, Idaho, and local industrial
users. The design combined "bio-filter aeration" and activated
sludge secondary treatment technologies to provide a
cost-effective solution to high level secondary treatment of the
high strength wastewater.
Project manager for an FWPCA research and development
program for an activated sludge -type wastewater treatment plant
for the City of Dallas, Oregon.
JOHN W. FILBERT
■ Additional research and development projects include design and
operation of biological secondary treatment facilities for
plywood glue wastes, biological treatment systems for fiberboard
manufacturing wastewaters, pilot plant studies of anaerobic
treatment processes for potato wastewaters, and pilot plant
studies for a broad range of secondary treatment processes for
the potato industry.
■ Project manager on other industrial treatment projects involving
cannery wastes, milk and cheese processing effluents, tannery
wastes, and pulp and paper effluents; as well as municipal
projects treating combined domestic and industrial wastes.
Before joining CH2M HILL in 1963, Mr. Filbert was with the State of
California, Department of Public Health, Bureau of Sanitary Engineering.
Professional Engineer Registration
Idaho, Maine, Maryland, Oregon, Virginia
Membership in Organizations
Chairman, ASCE Task Committee on Anaerobic Digester Operation
Diplomate, American Academy of Environmental Engineers
American Society of Civil Engineers
National Society of Professional Engineers
Engineering Honorarium
Water Pollution Control Federation
Tau Beta Pi
Selected Publications
"Realities of Reclamation Plant Construction." Presented at 1977 Annual
Meeting of AWWA, Anaheim, California (co -authored by C.L. Hamann,
L.G. Suhr, and F.R. Day).
"Advanced Wastewater Treatment for Montgomery County," Baltimore
Engineer, January 1976.
"Zero Discharge and 100% Water Reuse." Proceedings of PEECON '73,
Chemical Engineering Division of McGraw Hill, Inc., New York, New York,
1973 (co-authored with Carl Hamann).
"Procedures and Problems of Digester Startup," Journal of the Water
Pollution Control Federation, 339(3):367-372, 1967.
• JAMES C. HAWKEY
Eastern District Director, Water and Wastewater
Education
Post-M.S. Work, Civil Engineering (Fluid Mechanics), University of
Wisconsin in Madison, 1966
M.S., Civil Engineering (Hydraulics), University of Wisconsin in Madison,
1965
B.S., Civil Engineering, Michigan Technological University in Houghton,
1964
Experience
Mr. Hawkey has held various positions with CH2M HILL since joining
the firm in 1974. He maintains overall direction of Water and Wastewater
activities in the Eastern District with responsibility for technical quality
assurance, business development planning, and technical education of the
staff. Mr. Hawkey previously served as the Division. Manager for Water and
Wastewater Systems, Wastewater Reclamation Department Manager, super-
visor of quality control of water and wastewater treatment facilities, and
Manager of the Engineering Design Department in the Gainesville, Florida
office. His range of engineering experience includes the following:
■ Design, review, and project management of several water softening
facilities in the southeastern United States, ranging in size to 40 mgd.
■ Design, review, and project management of numerous activated
sludge wastewater treatment facilities (including filtration) in the
southeastern United States, ranging in size to 20 mgd.
■ Project management and design of a sodium hypochlorite storage,
and distribution systems, other chemical feed systems, plant modifi-
cations, and automation of a 160-mgd surface -water treatment
plant for the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
■ Design coordination for a 7.0-mgd activated sludge advanced waste-
water treatment facility which includes nitrification, denitrification,
and filtration with provision for phosphorus removal.
Before working for CH2M HILL, Mr. Hawkey was employed by Clark,
Dietz and Associates, Engineers, Inc., from 1966 to 1974. During that
time, he held the positions of design engineer, project engineer, and project
manager. He worked on the following types of projects:
Project coordination, design, and engineering services during
construction of activated sludge wastewater treatment facilities
as large as 46 mgd as well as wastewater and stormwater collection
systems.
G ■ Project coordination, design, and engineering services during
IN construction for raw water intake structures, surface -water treatment
B facilities, and wholesale water distribution systems.
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JAMES C. HAWKEY
Professional Engineer Registration
Florida, Illinois, Mississippi
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Civil Engineers
American Water Works Association
Florida Engineering Society
National Society of Professional Engineers
Water Pollution Control Federation
■ GLEN THOMAS DAIGGER
Wastewater Treatment Specialist
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Education
Ph.D., Environmental Engineering, Purdue University, 1979
M.S.C.E., Environmental Engineering Emphasis, Purdue University,
1975
B.S., Civil Engineering, Purdue University, 1973
Experience
Since joining CH2M HILL in 1979, Dr. Daigger has served as a process
consultant and process engineer on a number of wastewater treatment
projects. Several examples include:
■ Served as a process consultant for a comprehensive pilot plant
study conducted for the Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Metropolitan
Sewerage District (MMSD). This study utilized seven 15-gpm
treatment trains to collect the data required for a detailed com-
parison of various secondary treatment alternatives for their
Jones Island and South Shore Wastewater Treatment plants.
■ An evaluation of the 135-mgd North Wastewater Treatment Plant
for the City of Memphis, Tennessee. This study determined
factors limiting the performance of the plant and recommended
methods for upgrading treatment capacity and performance.
■ Process evaluation of the 143-mgd San Jose/Santa Clara (California)
Water Pollution Control Plant to determine the cause of a severe
process upset which occurred during the Fall of 1979. The findings
of this study resulted in the design and construction of a unique
pure oxygen/fine bubble diffuser supplemental aeration system.
■ Chief Process Engineer for the process selection and design of
the 65-mgd West County Wastewater Treatment Plant for the
Louisville and Jefferson County (Kentucky) Metropolitan Sewer
District (MSD). The plant will be a secondary treatment facility
(fine bubble diffused air activated sludge) with extensive sludge
treatment and handling facilities.
Dr. Daigger has also been involved in the development of a compre-
hensive technical memorandum dealing with the anaerobic digestion of
organic sludges. He has also served as a special technical consultant
on several biological treatment process projects.
Prior to joining CH2M HILL, Dr. Daigger was employed by Purdue
University as a graduate teaching assistant and a research fellow.
He has also been employed by Walker Process Inc., where he.was
responsible for a research project dealing with the operational. charact-
eristics of an aerobic digester using a fiberwall reactor.
GLEN THOMAS DAIGGER
Publications
Roper, R.E., Jr., Daigger, G.T., and Grady, C.P.L.,
Div., ASCE, 100, 1048 (1974).
Jr., Jour. Envir. Engr,
Daigger, G.T., MSCE Thesis, Purdue University,
(1975).
Hockenbury, M.R., Daigger, G.T., and Grady, C.P.L.,
Div., ASCE, 103,9 (1977).
Jr., Jour. Envir. Engr.
Daigger, G.T. and Grady, C.P.L., Jr., Water
(1977).
Research, 11, 1049
Daigger, GT. and Grady, C.P.L., Jr., Jour. Water
2390 (1977).
Poll. Control Fed., 49,
Daigger, G.T., Gill, M.D., and Grady, C.P.L., Jr.,
Fed., 50, 784 (1978).
Jour. Water Poll. Control
Daigger, G.T., Ph.D. Thesis, Purdue University,
(1979).
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Civil Engineers
American Water Works Association
Chi Epsilon
International Association for Water Pollution Research
Tau Beta Pi
Water Pollution Control Federation
® RICHARD C. HUMPHREY
Director, Wastewater Collection Systems
Education
B.S., Civil Engineering, Oregon State University, 1958
Experience
As Discipline Director of Wastewater Collection Systems, Mr. Hum-
phrey has firmwide responsibility for the quality and completeness
of all wastewater collection projects. He is also responsible for person-
nel and administration of the wastewater collection group.
As a member of the CH2M HILL professional staff since 1959,
Mr. Humphrey has worked as a resident engineer, design engineer, pro-
ject engineer and project manager on a. wide variety of projects dealing
mostly with wastewater collection. He has extensive experience in
financing utility projects and also has a close working relationship
with many Federal and state agencies. He is particularly familiar with
Environmental Protection Agency procurement and grant procedures.
Although engaged primarily in waste collection and pumping projects,
he also has experience in various aspects of wastewater treatment
plants. The following projects represent Mr. Humphrey's supervisory
responsibilities:
Quality -assurance services for the wastewater collection seg-
ments of the $1.6 billion Water Pollution Abatement Pro-
gram of the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District.
■ Study, design, and construction services on the regional
sewerage system for the 208 -square mile Bear Creek Valley
Sanitary Authority, near Medford, Oregon.
■ Study, design, and construction services for Normandy Park
and Raymond, Washington; for more than one -quarter of
the cities in Oregon; for the Winchester Bay, North Rose-
burg, North Umpqua, White City, Odell and Parkdale Sani-
tary Districts; and for the Oregon counties of Clackamas,
Douglas, Jackson, Jefferson and Josephine.
Design and construction services for the wastewater treat-
ment plants for the Oregon cities of Ashland, Madras,
Maupin, Oakland, Oakridge, Yachats, and others and Mont-
gomery County, Maryland.
Before joining CH2M HILL, Mr. Humphrey worked for Gate City
Steel, Inc., where he was in charge of the Boise, Idaho, district fabri-
cated -steel sales office.
While attending Oregon State University, Mr. Humphrey worked at
the Mater Engineering Company, Corvallis, Oregon. He assisted in the
structural design of sawmill equipment and planning for integrated
forest products' plants.
RICHARD C. HUMPHREY
Professional Engineer Registration
Hawaii, Oregon, Wisconsin
Membership in Organizations
American Public Works Association
Consulting Engineering Council of Oregon
Pacific Northwest Pollution Control Association
Water Pollution Control Federation
® V. W. KACZYNSKI
Director of Environmental Sciences
Education
Ph.D., 1970; M.S., 1967; Limnology major, Ecology and Parasitology minor,
Cornell University
B.S., 1964, Biology, State University of New York
Experience
Dr. Kaczynski is Director of Environmental Sciences at CH2M HILL. His
assignments include:
■ Project manager of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's study of
the utilization of spent geothermal effluents to create waterfowl
wetlands and the wetland's potential to cleanse these effluents.
■ Project manager for the Tulalip Tribes salmon hatchery (Wash-
ington) and technical consultant on the walleye pike and rainbow
trout hatcheries for the Alberta Department of Fish and Wildlife
and the Colorado Department of Natural Resources.
■ Project manager for the mid -Columbia River fisheries production
study for Grant, Douglas, and Chelan County PUDs and technical
consultant on the Turtle Rock and Priest Rapids salmon hatcheries.
■ Project manager of the Bulb Turbine salmonid mortality studies
at Rock Island Dam for Chelan County PUD and. senior consultant
on the Rocky Reach spillway study and fingerling bypass studies
at these powerhouses (Washington).
■ Project manager of the Wisconsin River fishery study for Consoli-
dated and Nekoosa Papers
■ Project manager of the Klamath River (California) and Skokomish
River (Washington) fisheries studies for Simpson Timber
■ :Project manager for emergency remedial fisheries work in the
Yakima River for several Yakima Valley irrigation districts and for
the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.
■ Fisheries coordinator for the design of and operations manual
for the McCall, Idaho, summer chinook hatchery
■ Senior consultant for Washington State Energy Facility Siting
Evaluation Council for the Northern Tier crude oil pipeline, for
the Rocky Mountain Gas Pipeline for Pacific Gas Transmission
Company and the Alcan Gas Pipeline for Pacific Gas and Electric
■ Project manager, task leader, or senior consultant on several en-
vironmental assessments for potential hydroelectric power plants
in the Northwest, including new powerhouses at Wanapum and
Priest Rapids Dams for Grant County PUD, Copper Creek Project
for Seattle City Light, North Fork Payette Project for Idaho
Power, Lake Redding Project for the City of Redding, Nehalem
Falls Project for Tillamook PUD, and several projects for Pacific
Northwest Generating Company
V. W. KACZYNSKI
Before joining CH2M HILL, Dr. Kaczynski was President of Beak Consul-
tants, Inc. He served at a senior technical or management level on several
West Coast hydropower projects involving modified hydrology and tempera-
ture effects, salmonid impact prediction, spawning habitat requirements, and
mitigation requirements (Marysville, John Hart II, Nechako River), and on
many assignments for the timber, power, oil, and metals industries in the
Northwest. He was also a consultant to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on
impacts of minor shoreline structures, wetland classification systems, and
wetland biological values. In addition, he was principal investigator of
Washington State's Puget Sound oil baseline biological program. He was
senior consultant to DIAND on establishing environmental criteria for oil
and gas pipelines in the MacKenzie Valley N.W.T.
Before his assignment with Beak, Dr. Kaczynski was Environmental Tech-
nical Director for Texas Instruments, Inc., and he was project manager of
the multi -million dollar ecological impact evaluation of the Indian Point
battery of nuclear power plants on the Hudson Estuary. Part of this task was
an evaluation of a pilot striped bass hatchery. He was responsible for the de-
sign of the Storm King pump -storage impact assessment and was consultant
on five northeastern nuclear site impact assessments.
From 1969 to 1972 he was Assistant Professor of Biological Oceanography
at the University of Washington, where he conducted research on early life
history and feeding patterns of pink and chum salmon and on secondary
production of marine zooplankton.
Membership in Organizations
American Fisheries Society (Certified Fisheries Scientist No. 1429)
Ecological Society of America
International Association of Ecology
National Association of Environmental Professionals
New York Academy of Science
Society of Limnology and Oceanography
Sigma Xi
Publications
A number of publications on pink and chum salmon early marine life history
and feeding, alternative strategies for mid -Columbia River salmonid produc-
tion, parasite effects on blue -fish, population ecology of aquatic inverte-
brates, temperature effects on aquatic organisms, effects of large scale
industrial plant sitings (including nuclear) on aquatic communities, effects of
secondary treated pulp mill effluent on the fishes of the Wisconsin River,
utilization of spent geothermal fluids to create waterfowl wetlands, environ-
mental standards for the Mexican pulp and paper industry, and professional-
ism and ethics in fisheries biology.
® GLENN A. RICHTER
Chief Engineer, Water and Wastewater
Education
M.S., Civil Engineering, University of Iowa, 1968
B.S., Civil Engineering, Tri-State University, 1960
Experience
Mr. Richter joined CH2M HILL in 1968 and has performed studies, designs,
and startup services for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment,
disposal, and reclamation facilities. His experience includes:
Combined municipal and industrial
■ Wastewater treatment and disposal study, design memorandum,
operating manual, and treatment plant startup for Idaho Falls,
Idaho.
■ Wastewater facilities plan for Jerome, Idaho.
■ Wastewater treatment plant evaluation and treatability study for
Memphis, Tennessee.
■ Wastewater treatment predesign report for Greeley, Colorado.
■ Wastewater treatment final design report for. Louisville, Kentucky,
including process selection, preliminary drawings, energy analysis,
and value engineering analysis.
Industrial
■ Wastewater studies for Prosser, Yakima, and the Port of Benton,
Washington; Ore -Ida Foods, Greenville, Michigan, Burley, Idaho,
Ontario, Oregon, and Plover, Wisconsin; Rogers Brothers, Rexburg,
Idaho; the Port of Umatilla, Oregon; Chef -Ready Foods, Othello,
Washington; a Canadian potato chip plant; and Alimentos Heinz,
Venezuela.
■ An EPA project at the R. T. French Company, Shelley, Idaho,
demonstrating aerobic secondary treatment of potato processing
wastewater.
■ Wastewater treatment plant designs for Ore -Ida Foods, Ontario,
Oregon, and Plover, Wisconsin.
■ Research projects for the Potato Processors of Idaho Association,
including aerobic and anaerobic secondary treatment and waste
biological solids concentration and disposal.
■ Representation of the potato industry in detailed review of EPA
BPT and BAT discharge regulations and preparation of the technical
portion of a U.S. Court of Appeals brief for the American Frozen
Foods Institute court case against the EPA.
GLENN A. RICHTER
■ Representation of the potato industry in detailed review of EPA
BCT discharge guidelines and preparation of the technical portion
of formal comments to the EPA.
■ Wastewater treatment studies for wet corn milling at The Hubinger
Company, Keokuk, Iowa, and fertilizer production at J. R. Simplot
Company, Pocatello, Idaho. 1
Municipal
■ Wastewater treatment studies, designs, operating manuals, and
startup training for two plants at Boise, Idaho, including a centrifuge
facility for waste activated sludge concentration, aerobic digestion,
and anaerobic digestion.
■ Wastewater treatment (201 ) studies for many communities in Oregon,
Idaho, Utah, and Florida.
Professional Engineer Registration
Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Kentucky, Oregon, Tennessee, Washington,
Wisconsin
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Civil Engineers
Florida Engineering Society
Florida Pollution Control Association
National Society of Professional Engineers
Water Pollution Control Federation --past research committee member
and coauthor of annual literature review on fruit, vegetable, and grain
pFocessing wastes.
Technical Publications
Waste Disposal. In Potato Processing, 3rd Ed., AVI Publishing Company.
Coauthors R. E. Pailthorp and J. W. Filbert. 1975.
Nitrification, State -of -the -Art. Forty-second Annual PNPCA Meeting.
Coauthor J. M. Kelly. 1975.
ABF,rActivated Sludge Process Control. Forty-second Annual PNPCA
Meeting. Coauthors M. D. Guthrie and J. T. Easley. 1975.
Conditioning and Disposal of Solids from Potato Wastewater Treatment
Journal Food Science, 38, 2, 218. Coauthors K. L. Sirrine and
C. I. Tollefson. 1973.
Waste Treatment Removes 75-80% COD. Food Processing, 33, 6, 47.
Coauthor J. A. Mackie. 1972.
Aerobic Secondary Treatment of Potato Processing Wastes. Proceedings
Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, 26, 684. Coauthors R. E. Pailthorp
and K. L. Sirrine. 1971.
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U DONALD R. FOX
Department Manager, Agricultural Sciences
Education
B.S., University of California, Davis, 1956; Irrigation Science Major
Experience
As Department Manager of Agricultural Sciences, Mr. Fox is responsi-
ble for coordinating the work of this group with Water Resources and
other disciplines within the firm.
Mr. Fox joined CI -12M HILL in 1974 and has had extensive experience
in irrigated and nonirrigated agriculture in both public and private
sectors. Since joining the firm, he has managed and worked on
numerous projects involving 'irrigation and drainage planning and
design. Examples of major project experience includes:
Reclamation/Reuse Facilities Planning'-
■ San Francisco Bay Area Regional Water Reuse Study, San
Francisco, California —assessment of a market for approxi-
mately 400,000 acre-feet of reclaimed water from the Bay
Area for irrigation, wildlife, industry, and salinity control in
the Delta. Principal responsibilities 'included direct interviews
with water districts and farmers in the San Joaquin Valley.
■ County of Ventura, California —a facilities plan for reuse of
20,000 acre-feet of reclaimed water as an alternative to
serious ground -water overdraft in a water -short region. In
_addition to project management, specific efforts included
determination of quality suitability for reuse on fruit and
'vegetable crops, coordination of reuse with surface water
sources, and determination of market interest for replacing
ground water with reclaimed water for irrigation.
■ Santa Barbara Regional Water Reclamation Study, Santa
Barbara, California —study to determine the feasibility of
reclaimed water reuse in the city and three water districts.
In addition to study management, responsibilities included
development of quality and quantity requirements for reuse
on sensitive crops and landscaped areas, identification and
interviewing of potential users, and assisting in a thorough
public participation program.
Agricultural Development
■ Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation,
Pendleton, Oregon —the study of the present and future
agricultural water needs of the reservation including the
development of a projected cropping pattern considering the
soils, topography, and climate.
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DONALD R. FOX
■ U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco, California —
evaluation of the impact of increases in irrigation water
salinity on agriculture in the Sacramento -San Joaquin Delta
of California.
Land Application
■ California Correctional Center, Susanville, California —design
plans and specifications for land application by sprinklers of
domestic wastewater and the preparation of an agricultural
management plan.
■ Leprino Foods Co., South Waverly, Pennsylvania —management
of study and design involving land application of waste from
cheese manufacturing and development of a livestock whey
feeding program. Specific efforts included development of
loading criteria and land requirements. The result was the
development of one year-round application site and one
seasonal site to properly treat the material in this very cold
region. Extensive assistance was also provided in obtaining
State permits.
■ County of Fresno, California —study involving pretreatment
and land application of high -strength raisin packing waste-
water and preparation of a complete wastewater management
plan.
■ Anheuser-Busch, Inc., Jacksonville, Florida, and Williamsburg,
Virginia —site selection and preparation, agronomic, and drain-
age aspects for predesign and design of projects for land
application of brewery wastewater. Responsibilities also
included assisting the client with State permits and public
participation programs.
Prior to joining CH2M HILL, Mr. Fox was with the University of
California as a Farm Advisor in Yuba and Colusa Counties. Mr. Fox
has also worked as a professional farm manager; general manager of a
farming, cattle feeding, and meat packing corporation; and has conduc-
ted training programs in the field of agriculture.
Professional Registration
American Registry of Certified Professionals in Agronomy, Crops, and
Soils:
Certified Professional Agronomist
Certified Professional Crop Scientist
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Agronomy
Phi Kappa Phi Honorary Scholastic Society
,DANA W. RIPPON
Civil Engineer
Education
M.S., Environmental Engineering (Specialty: Water Quality Control),
Stanford University, 1972
B.S., Civil Engineering, Humboldt State College, 1971
Experience
Since employment with CH2M HILL in 1971, Mr. Rippon has been a
member of project teams for the following clients:
■ Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority. A member of the design team
charged with the design of the conventional treatment facilities and
the chemical treatment portion of the advanced wastewater treat-
ment facilities. Served as a consultant in the preparation of the O&M
manuals. Conducted a significant portion of the operator training
program and directed the plant startup and operations assistance
program.
■ Tahoe Truckee Sanitation Agency. Key engineer in preparation
of a Preliminary Design Report. Lead engineer in design of conven-
tional treatment facilities and chemical treatment portion of
advanced wastewater treatment facilities. Prepared O&M manuals for
the conventional and chemical treatment and solids handling
portions of the facility. Conducted a significant portion of the
operator training program and served as key engineer in plant
inspection, startup, and the operations assistance program.
■ Sewerage Commission Oroville Region. Member of the design team
to upgrade existing primary treatment facilities to secondary
treatment with filtration. Prepared O&M manual for the entire
-facility and conducted plant startup and operations assistance
program. Served as consultant to the Commission.
■ Olivehurst Public Utility District. Member of the design team to
upgrade existing lagoon system to secondary treatment facilities.
■ Humboldt Bay Wastewater Authority. Assisted in preparation of
Preliminary Design Report and a member of the design team to
provide new secondary treatment facilities.
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■ City of Redding. Assisted in preparation of Preliminary Design
Report. Member of design team to upgrade existing lagoon system to
secondary treatment with filtration. Directed design of the anaerobic
digestion and solids dewatering facilities.
■ United States Forest Service. Assisted in preparation of a manual of
planning guidelines for sanitary waste facilities in the National
Forests.
DANA W. RIPPON
■ Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District. Member of the facility
planning team and a lead engineer in the systems analysis effort
for the upgrading ofthe Jones Island Wastewater treatment facility.
■ City of Pompano Beach, Florida. Project manager for expansion
and upgrading of the City's water supply system. The project consists
of a new well field, 48 -inch raw water transmission main, and expan-
sion of the existing water filtration plant to a 40-mgd water softening
plant with provision for THM control.
Before joining CH2M HILL, Mr. Rippon worked as a student engineer
for the California Division of Highways.
Professional Engineer Registration
Florida (pending), California
Membership in Organizations
Caifornia Water Pollution Control Association
Publications
"Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority Water Reclamation Project —Operator
Training and Plant Startup Program" presented at the 1978 annual
Conference of the Water Pollution Control Federation at Anaheim,
California.
• GARY D. JARDINE
Agricultural Engineer
Education
B.S., Agricultural Engineering, Colorado State University, 1972
Experience
Mr. Jardine joined the Water Resources Discipline of CH2M HILL
in 1977. His primary areas of responsibility include reconnaissance,
master planning, feasibility, design and construction engineering, and
management of irrigation systems and projects. Included also are
responsibilities for the planning, design, and management of wastewater
irrigation systems. Examples of his project experience with the firm
include:
■ Project manager for a preliminary design effort to apply
secondary treated, municipal wastewater to existing brackish
water wetlands in a 900 -acre wetlands enhancement project
for the Incline Village General Improvement District (Nevada)
■ Project manager for reconnaissance and feasibility studies to
rehabilitate and improve nearly 5 miles of lift canal, six lift
canal pump stations and related pipelines and facilities for
the Banta-Carbona Irrigation District (California)
■ Project manager for a drainage study and resulting engine-
ering for Byron -Bethany Irrigation District (California)
■ Task manager for the land application of wastewater portion
of facilities planning for the Incline Village General
Improvement District (Nevada), the City of Tracy (Cali-
fornia), and the Mississippi Gulf Coast Regional Wastewater
Authority. Included were development of conceptual lay-.
outs, management plans, and cost estimates
■ Task manager for the site -specific analysis associated with
locating a dry sludge irradiation plant at Stockton, California.
The study was authorized by Sandia National Laboratories to
examine sludge management alternatives for the City of
Stockton.
■ Project engineer for preparing preliminary design plans and
specifications for a nearly 8 -mile, 48 -inch -diameter municipal
water supply pipeline for the Municipality of Anchorage,
Alaska
■ Project engineer for the Santa Barbara Regional Water Recla-
mation Study (California). Responsibilities included the
development and analysis of reuse alternatives.
GARY D. JARDINE
■ Project engineer for a distribution system layout and turnout
design for the Okanogan Irrigation District (Washington)
■ Project engineer for a reconnaissance study to rehabilitate
and modernize water supply facilities for the Outlook Irriga-
tion District (Washington)
Prior to joining CH2M HILL, Mr. Jardine worked for Harza Engi-
neering Company and the Great Western Sugar Company in their
Agricultural Research Center. Some additional areas of experience
include:
■ Project manager for a study which proposed future irrigation
development plans for a 12,000 -acre ranch in the San
Joaquin Valley of California
■ Irrigation management utilizing computerized irrigation sched-
uling to accurately model the crop, soil, water, and climatic
factors affecting agricultural production
■ Design and management of surface, sprinkler, and drip irriga-
tion systems and systems for the recovery and reuse of
irrigation runoff
Professional Registration
Agricultural Engineer, California
Civil Engineer, California
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Agricultural Engineers, Associate Member
The Irrigation Association, Technical Member
Publications
"Desktop Data System for Irrigation Scheduling," Proceedings -1981
Irrigation Scheduling Conference, American Society of Agricultural
Engineers, Chicago, Illinois. December 1981. Coauthored with
C. E. Crouch, W. E. Hart, and R. J. Brase.
"Successful Implementation of Computerized Irrigation Scheduling,"
Proceedings -1981 Irrigation Scheduling Conference, American Society
of Agricultural Engineers, Chicago, Illinois. December 1981. Coau-
thored with R. J. Brase and G. L. Jorgensen.
"Operation of a
Water Management ET
Model for
Scheduling Irriga-
tions," American
Society of Agricultural
Engineers,
Paper No.77-2053.
Coauthored with
J. M. Lord, Jr.,
and G.
A. Robb.
}
GARY D. JARDINE
"Panel Report -Irrigation Management," Proceedings —Agricultural Water
Conservation Conference, California Department of Water Resources.
June 1976.
"Sugarbeet Water Consumptive Use and Irrigation Techniques in Rela-
tion to Yield," Proceedings—IIRB 1976 Winter Congress (International
Institute for Sugar Beet Research), Brussels, Belgium. February 1976.
"Irrigation Scheduling and Sugarbeet Production," American Society of
Agricultural Engineers, Paper No.75-2556.
"Ventilated Canopy Storage System for Sugarbeets," Proceedings -
1975 Sugar Beet Storage Conference, Beet Sugar Development Founda-
tion, Ft. Collins, Colorado. May 1975.
0 JOHN F. TURNER
Education
B.S., Electrical Engineering, Oregon State University
Experience
At CH2M HILL, Mr. Turner is responsible for design of power distribution
and control systems, exterior and interior lighting, substation design, and
other electrical projects. His work at CH2M HILL has included:
Industrial
Electric power distribution and control systems for wastewater
treatment facilities for Weyerhaeuser at Springfield and Publisher
Paper Company at Oregon City, Oregon; for Ore -Ida Foods and J. R.
Simplot Company at Burley; and Idaho Frozen Foods at Twin Falls,
Idaho. Power distribution and lighting systems for process and
warehouse buildings at Port of Grays Harbor, Washington; and GPOD
at Shelley, Idaho. Power distribution and lighting system design for
central services building including boiler plant for St. Lukes Hospital
and additions to Capitol Mall Central Plant for State of Idaho, Boise,
Idaho. Conceptual design of power distribution and lighting systems
for SAREF (Safety Research Experiment Facility) for INEL, Idaho
Falls, Idaho. Lead engineer and electrical design for ANL-W
Contaminated Material Storage, Document Control Center Addition,
HFEF High Bay Expansion and HFEF Freight Elevator.
Municipal
Electrical power distribution and control systems for wastewater
treatment facilities at Harrisburg, .Oregon; McNeil Island,
Washington; Idaho Falls, Blackfoot, and Boise, Idaho; South Fork
Coeur d'Alene River Sewer District, Kellogg, Idaho; and Benquet,
California. Preparation of Process and Instrumentation Diagrams for
Department of Public Works, City and County of San Francisco,
California.
Supervisory control system studies for Idaho Falls, Water
Department; and Cities of Blackfoot and Caldwell, Idaho. Design of
supervisory control systems for Sun Valley Water and Sewer District,
Sun Valley, Idaho; Idaho Falls, Idaho; Halfway and Nyssa, Oregon;
Las Vegas Valley Water District, Las Vegas, Nevada; and Water and
Sewerage Authority, Government of Trinidad and Tobago.
Utility Projects
Substation design projects include the 500 -kV Marion and
230/115 -kV Lane substations for BPA in Oregon, 500 -kV Monroe
substation, and additions to the 230/1 3.8 -kV Tacoma and
230/115/69 -kV Port Angeles substations for BPA in Washington.
JOHN F. TURNER
An electrical distribution system voltage drop study and 30 -year,
long-range planning study for the Consumers Power, Inc., Corvallis,
Oregon.
■ Outdoor Lighting Projects
Lighting systems for parking lots for City of Corvallis and Medford
High School in Oregon; Boeing Company facilities at Kent,
Washington; lighting systems for parking lots, malls, and sidewalks at
College of Southern Idaho, Twin Falls; and an illumination study
for the 1-205 Interstate highway bypass around Vancouver,
Washington, for the Washington State Highway Department.
■ Building Electrical
Electrical power distribution and lighting systems for Indian Rocks,
Massacre Rocks, Farragut, and Malad State Parks in Idaho; and new
clinical support facility for Veterans Administration in Boise, Idaho.
NCO Club additions and officer housing at Beale Air Force Base,
California; Oregon State University Water Research Demonstration
Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon; building electrical systems for State of
Idaho, Commission for the Blind, Boise, Idaho, and Argonne
National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho.
Prior to joining CH2M HILL in 1965, Mr. Turner was employed by the
Portland General Electric Company and was engaged in transformer loading
surveys.
Professional Engineer Registration
Idaho, Oregon
Membership in Organizations
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
® JOHN D. SEWELL
Education
M.S., Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, 1967
B.S., Mechanical Engineering, California. State Polytechnic College, 1962
Experience
Mr. Sewell is responsible for the technical quality of engineering activities,
the expansion of technical capabilities, and the coordination of manpower
in the Mechanical, Electrical, and Instrumentation and Control Departments
in the Eastern District.. Before assuming his current position, he was
firmwide Director of Instrumentation and Control.
Since joining CH2M HILL in 1969, Mr. Sewell has directed and partici-
pated in the design of numerous mechanical systems involving process
piping, special pumping problems, and instrumentation and control systems.
He has served as both Mechanical staff member and project manager
on numerous major projects. Activities have included analytical studies,
coordination efforts, design, and supervision. Design activities have
encompassed industrial, military, commercial, and both water and waste-
watermunicipal projects. Examples of his work include:
■ Caroni -Arena Water System, Trinidad and Tobago. Chief I&C
engineer for the supervisory system, which features radio telemetry
and a computer -based data acquisition, display, and processing
system.
■ Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission, Montgomery County
AWT Plant, Maryland, Chief I&C engineer for the plant's instru-
mentation and control system. This $7 million I&C system includes
a computer -based central control system, remote multiplexing,
and three large plant operations centers where the plant's operating
• personnel interface with the 32 unit processes. Extensive electronic/
electric displays and controls are provided within these three
operations centers as backups to the computer -based system.
I. ■ Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority AWT Plant, Virginia. Chief
I&C engineer for the plant's computer -based data acquisition and
control system. Control system includes DDC and electronic analog
loops and an extensive telemetry system.
' ■ Fibreboard Corporation, Antioch, California. I&C engineer responsible
for the design of a hybrid pneumatic/electronic control system.
I. Mechanical engineer responsible for design of the solids handling
building and the solids pumping station.
0
■ Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington. Project
engineer responsible for the design of a large pump testing facility.
This facility permits pump testing with five different fluids and
is provided with heating, cooling, throttling, storage, and power
I. subsystems to support testing with each fluid. An extensive instru-
mentation and control system is also provided to monitor, control,
and document the testing.
I
JOHN D. SEWELL
Immediately prior to joining CH2M HILL, Mr. Sewell was Department
Head and Professor of Engineering and Physics at Butie College in
California.
Previously, he worked for the AiResearch Manufacturing Company in
Los Angeles, California, as a systems engineer. He was responsible
for design activities and qualification test programs for aircraft environ-
mental control systems. A major portion of his efforts in these areas
was devoted to instrumentation and control systems.
Mr. Sewell was also employed in the thermodynamics department of Lockheed
Aircraft Corporation in Burbank, California. His work was primarily
of an analytical nature and included air conditioning system design,
heat transfer studies, computer programming, and air distribution system
design.
Professional Engineer Registration
Mechanical: California, Oregon
Control Systems: California
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Instrument Society of America
JOHN D. MAXFIELD
Chief Structural Engineer
Education
M.E., Civil Engineering, University of Florida, 1978
B.S., Civil Engineering, University of Florida, 1977
Experience
Mr. Maxfield has been responsible for the design of bridges, architectural
buildings, water treatment, and wastewater treatment plants. He served as
the firm's lead structural engineer for the following projects:
■ Sugar Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant, Alexander City, Alabama
■ 800,000 -gal Clearwater Reservoir, Loveland, Colorado
■ Wastewater Treatment Plant Expansion for Reedy Creek Utility
Company, Inc., Walt Disney World Resort Complex, Florida
■ Digester Gas Utilization Facility, Point Loma Wastewater Treatment
Plant, San Diego, California
■ Ft. Pierce Water Treatment Plant, Ft. Pierce, Florida
■ St. Augustine Water Treatment Plant, St. Augustine, Florida
■ Pump Station and Ground Storage Reservoir, Goodland, Florida
■ 126 -Foot Single Span, Prestressed Girder Bridge, Washington
Department of Transportation
In addition, he was resident inspector, for the Leesburg Wastewater
Treatment Plant, Leesburg, Florida.
Mr. Maxfield was also project engineer for the following:
■ Alexander City Water Treatment Plant, Alexander City, Alabama
■ ITT Rayonier Wastewater Treatment Plant, Port Angeles, Washington
He also conducted structural review of the South Lake Wales Church of God,
Lake Wales, Florida.
Before joining CH2M HILL, Mr. Maxfield was employed as a research
assistant for the University of Florida. He investigated the response of
asphalt paving mixtures subjected to repeated load applications.
7
JOHN D. MAXFIELD
Professional Registration
E.I.T., Florida
Membership in Organizations
TAU BETA PI
Publications
"Fatigue of Asphalt Concrete," Florida Department of Transportation Final
Report, Project 245-D54, 1977.
• JOHN RAMAGE
Director, Geotechnical Engineering
Education
M.S., Civil Engineering (Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering),
University of Illinois, 1971
B.S., Civil Engineering, Washington State University, 1970
Experience
Mr. Ramage has firmwide responsibility for all CH2M HILL geotechnical
engineering projects. This includes soil and foundation engineering, under-
ground engineering, engineering geology evaluations, geophysical investiga-
tions, geomorphic and airphoto interpretation, rock mechanics, grouting,
sedimentation and erosion control, construction materials, and earthquake
•and seismic analysis.
Mr. Ramage's most recent assignment has been manager for all geotechnical
and underground engineering for the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage
District Pollution Abatement Program. Responsibilities include engineering
design, quality assurance, and construction monitoring for $490 million of
sewer tunnels completed, under construction, or in design. Examples of
underground projects requiring special geotechnical expertise are listed
below.
■ Inline sewerage storage system consisting of two main tunnel legs
totaling 15 miles of 12 -to 32 -foot diameter tunnel 350 feet below
the surface. This portion of the project will also require a 150-
mgd pump station constructed at the tunnel depth of 350 feet.
■ 35,000 feet of rock, softground and mijced face tunnel with a 6-
-foot inside finished diameter. Compressed air was used to elimi-
nate groundwater intrusion in problem soils during construction.
■ 15 -foot outside diameter harbor bottom crossing with a total
length of 3,000 feet.
In addition, Mr. Ramage has been responsible for a variety of study and
design projects including:
■ Geotechnical
investigations, foundation
load testing and
detailed
analysis for
the 1-205 Columbia River
Bridge, Portland,
Oregon.
■ Geotechnical investigation and design of an 80 -foot -diameter,
75 -foot -deep pump station caisson for Rock Creek Sewerage
Treatment Plant, Hillsboro, Oregon.
I
I
JOHN RAMAGE
■ Geotechnical investigation and foundation design for a pile -
supported grain handling dock for Cargill, Inc., Portland, Oregon.
■ Investigation, design, and construction supervision for site pre-
paration, foundation preloading, and dikes for Western Zirconium,
Inc., Ogden, Utah.
■ Investigation and
repair
and
stabilization
design for the Hat
Creek Landslide on
the
Little
Salmon River
near Riggins, Idaho.
Professional Engineer Registration
Oregon, Washington, Florida, Wisconsin
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Civil Engineers
The Deep Foundations Institute
International Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineers
Publications
"1-205 Columbia River Bridge Foundation Load Test Program," in Proceed-
ings of the 13th Annual Engineering Geology and Soils Engineering Sympo-
sium, April 1975, Moscow, Idaho, pp. 289-304. Coauthor: L. H. Roth.
"Underwater Placement of Sandfill at Port of Portland Terminal No. 6," in
Proceedings, ASCE National Water Resources and Ocean Engineering Con-
vention, April 1976, San Diego, California. Coauthor: L. R. Anderson.
"Evaluation of Sensing Systems for Measuring Properties of Ground Masses:
Static Cone Penetrometer," Report No. FHWA-RD-7-3-0157, Federal
Highway Administration, August 1978, Washington, D.C. Coauthor: S.
Stuart Williams, Jr.
"Stabilization of the Upper Portion of the Hat Creek Landslide, " in Proceed-
ings, 30th Annual Highway Geology Symposium, sponsored by Federal
Highway Administration, August 1979, Vancouver, Washington. Coauthors:
R. G. Charboneau, J. R. Kuenzli.
"Tunneling for the Milwaukee Water Pollution Abatement Program," Tun-
neling Technology Newsletter, U.S. National Committee on Tunneling Tech-
nology, June 1981, Washington, D.C. Coauthor: James H. Meinholz.
• JAMES C. THAYER
Soil Scientist
Education
M.S., Soil Science, University of California at Davis, 1973
B.S., Soil and Water Science, University of California at Davis,. 1970
Experience
Mr. Thayer has been on the CH2M HILL staff since 1975 where
his primary responsibilities include:
■ Evaluating the pedologic aspects of the soil, including the
physical, chemical, and biological properties, as related to
specific project use
■ Making soil surveys for project site investigations
■ Evaluating the results of soil and water tests for agricultural
production and site monitoring projects
• Making soil interpretations from existing soils information for
waste disposal, irrigation projects, and materials investigations
■ Evaluating site and soils data for assessment of soil erosion
and agricultural drainage
■ Using soil and topographic information for land classifi-
cation and land -use planning, including projects related to
agriculture, forestry, urban development, land regulation, and
appraisal
■ evaluating site suitability data, including soils, topography,
ground water, land use, and ownership for identification of
potential sites and processes of land application
The following paragraphs briefly state Mr. Thayer's experience on
projects involving soil classification and interpretations for specific uses.
Irrigation Studies. Soil classification and soil interpretations for soil
classification of suitability for irrigation were performed for agricultural
development of native lands at the following locations:
J -Spear Ranch, Paisley, Oregon
Umatilla Indian Reservation, Pendleton, Oregon
Hanna Ranch, Colorado Springs, Colorado
Landes Brothers, Lookout, California
Solano Irrigation District, Vacaville, California
South Yuba County Water District, Marysville, California
JAMES C. THAYER
Land Application Studies. The studies at the locations listed below
involved interpretations of soil properties and evaluations of soil
suitability for waste application on agricultural and nonagricultural
lands:
Metrogro, Madison, Wisconsin
Manassas Park, Virginia
Biogro, Salem, Oregon
Twin Cities, Minneapolis -St. Paul, Minnesota
Grand Strand, Conway, South Carolina
Winter Haven, Florida
Anheuser-Busch
Jacksonville, Florida
Williamsburg, Virginia
Marshall Durbin, Canton, Mississippi
Incline Village General Improvement District
Incline Village, Nevada
Western Polymer Starch Corp., Tulelake, California
Bremerton, Washington
Prior to employment with this firm, Mr. Thayer was an Associate
Agricultural Extension Agent, Soil Scientist, at North Carolina State
University working cooperatively with the Soil Conservation Service.
His duties involved detailed soils classification, delineation, and inter-
pretation for the cooperative soil survey. He also worked with SCS
personnel implementing soil conservation practices (primarily erosion
and drainage).
Professional Registration
Soil Scientist, No. 59, State of Maine
Soil Classifier, South Carolina
Certified Professional Soil Scientist, American Registry of
Certified Professionals in Agronomy, Crops, and Soils
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Agronomy
Soil Science Society of America
Professional Soil Scientists Association of California
• GARY E. EICHLER
Hydrogeologist
Education
M.S., Engineering Geology, University of Florida, 1974
B.S., Construction and Geology, Utica College of Syracuse
University, 1972
Experience
Mr. Eichler has been responsible for ground -water projects for both water
supply and effluent disposal. Studies have included site selection, well design,
construction services, monitoring and testing programs, determination of
aquifer characteristics, and well field design. In addition, Mr. Eichler has
conducted numerous studies to determine pollution potential of toxic and
hazardous wastes. Types of projects for which Mr. Eicher has been directly
responsble for include:
■ Exploration drilling, testing, and design of well fields for potable
water supply with an installed capacity of over 65 mgd.
■ ' Determination of pollutant travel time and direction of movement
at hazardous waste disposal sites.
■ Geophysical logging and testing programs for deep disposal wells for
both municipal and hazardous waste.
■ Aquifer modeling studies completed to predict effects of future
ground -water withdrawal.
■ Determination of saltwater intrusion potential and design of associ-
ated monitoring programs.
Prior to joining CH2M HILL in 1976, Mr. Eichler was an engineering geologist
with Environmental Science and Engineering, Inc., of Gainesville, Florida.
Responsibilities there included project management, soils investigations, siting
studies, ground -water and surface -water reports, and Federal and state
environmental impact studies. He has professional capabilities in the follow-
ing areas.
■ Hydrogeology. Water supply well location, aquifer testing, well
field layout, injection well testing and monitoring program design, and
well construction inspection.
■ Water resources inventory. Potentiometric mapping, water yield, and
availability determinations,
■ Site investigations. Determination of subsurface conditions, primarily
in soil media. Determination of stratigraphic correlation and associ-
ated physical properties for engineering design.
■ Environmental permitting. Federal, state, regional, and local permit
studies associated with industrial and mining oroiects.
a
GARY E. EICHLER
■ Clay mineralogy. Clay mineral reactions primarily associated with
lime stabilization for highways and other engineering projects -
Participated in a Brazilian highway project and developed laboratory
analysis for lime -soil reactions. I
■ Engineering geology. Geologic exploration, soil property determina-
tions for engineering design, and water and earth materials interactions
associated with construction.
■ Geophysics. Well logging and interpretation.
Mr. Eichler directed the laboratory analysis of tropical soils to determine
engineering properties and reaction potential with lime additives for a
Brazilian highway project. He also assisted in the preparation and presenta-
tion of a seminar on lime stabilization sponsored by the National Lime
Association.
Membership in Organizations
American Institute of Professional Geologists
American Water Resources Association
Association of Engineering Geologists
Geological Society of America
Southeastern Geological Society
National Water Well Association
Publications
Engineering Properties and Lime Stabilization of Tropically Weathered
Soils. M.S. thesis, Department of Geology, University of Florida. August
1974.
Certifications
Certified Professional Geologist
Certificate No. 4544
M. JOHN C. NEMETH
Manager, Environmental Sciences, Eastern District
Education
Ph.D., Plant Ecology, North Carolina State University, 1971
M.S., Botany and Zoology, North Carolina State University, 1968
B.S., Biology, Appalachian State University, 1964
Experience
Dr. Nemeth is responsible for the environmental sciences projects in the
Eastern District and a wide variety of waste management activities firmwide.
Before joining CH2M HILL, Dr. Nemeth was Chief Scientist and Corporate
Environmental Sciences Consultant for Law Engineering Testing Company,
where for 6 years he was responsible for business and project development
through policy establishment and implementation. Dr. Nemeth provided the
primary quality assurance, technical input, design, and interpretation for
disciplines common to environmental science and engineering projects, and
directed large multidisciplinary teams of professionals. He was formerly
the Senior Ecologist for Coastal Zone Resources Corporation.
His project experience, national in scope, spans both the public and private
sectors, including the complete spectrum of environmental services and
assessment work, baseline ecological and water resources management
studies, land treatment of waste materials studies, and adjudicatory and
expert witness consultation. He serves on committees of a variety of profes-
sional organizations. Examples of Dr. Nemeth's experience include:
Environmental impact statement preparation for a variety of projects
nationwide on behalf of Federal agencies such as the Corps of
Engineers, Soil Conservation Service, and Department of Energy;
municipalities such as the Cities of Dalton, Georgia and Newport
News, Virginia; and private industrial, clients such as Gulf Power Co.,
and Gardinier, Inc.
Baseline environmental and/or ecological assessments and studies for
a variety of private sector clients including manufacturing process
companies, land developers, pulp and paper firms, power industry,
agricultural interests, mining, petroleum/chemical, and other
businesses.
Environmental evaluations and related expert testimony on behalf of
various client types. Issues addressed included wetland determina-
tions, channelization and impoundment of streams, sedimentation
effects, effluent discharge effects, atmospheric emissions, ground-
water and surface -water contamination, and toxic/hazardous
substances issues.
Specialized studies for agencies such as the Corps of Engineers:
nationwide study to develop criteria for artificial habitat creation
using dredged materials; upland succession on old dredged material
disposal areas; and baseline biology and water quality studies of
Corps reservoirs.
L
JOHN C. NEMETH I
Professional Registrations '
Ecological Society of America Class 6
American Registry of Certified Professionals in Agronomy, Crops, and
Soils, Soil Specialist = 1488
Key Memberships in Organizations
American Clean Water Association (Board of Directors; Hazardous Waste
Committee Chairman)
American Institute of Biological Sciences
Ecological Society of America
National Association of Environmental Professionals
Society of the Sigma Xi
Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (Water Quality
and Forest Biology Committee)
Representative Presentations and Publications
'Pre -Operational Baseline Aquatic Biology Studies.'' Paper presented at
the Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Section ( 1980) and 1981 TAPPI
Environmental Conference, New Orleans, LA, pp. 279-284.
"The Consultant's Role in Environmental Assessment." Environmental
Professional. 1(2) 233-236.
"Thermal Impacts on a Fossil -Fueled Electric Power Plant Discharge: an
'Older Unit' 316 (a) Demonstration." Paper presented at the Savannah
River Ecological Society Symposium, October, 1977 and published in Civil
Eng, Design, 1 (1 ):43-68, 1979.
"Site Factors and the Net Primary Productivity of Young Loblolly and Slash
Pine Plantations." Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, 38:968-70,
1975.
"Forest Biomass Estimation: Permanent Plots and Regression Techniques."
pp. 78-88 in Statistics in Forestry Research, Proceedings, International
Union of Forest Research Organizations, Subject group $6.02, Vancouver,
B.C., Canada, August 1973.
"Dry -Matter Production in Young Loblolly (Pinus taedo L.) and Slash Pine
(Pinus elliottii Engelm.) Plantations." Ecological Monographs, 43:21-41,
1973.
"The Summer Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae of the Delmarva Peninsula
VA." Castanea 34:81-86, 1969.
"The Hardwood Vegetation and Soils of Hill Demonstration Forest, Durham
County, NC." Jour. Elisha Mitchell Sc!. Soc., 84(4):482-491, 1968.
® JIMMY W. OTTA
Agricultural Engineer
Education
B.S., Agricultural Engineering, Oregon State University, 1977
Experience
Mr. Otta
joined CH2M HILL in
1977 as a
member
of the Water
Resources
Discipline. His project
experience
with the
firm includes:
Project Engineer for design
of a 40 -acre wastewater applica-
tion site for
the Old Oregon Trail Development,
Redding,
California.
Responsibilities
included design of 1,400
gpm
return flow
system, 1,200 gpm irrigation system,
1,400 gpm
supplemental
water supply
system, land grading,
border
levees, and winter overflow
and discharge structure.
Prepared preliminary design and cost estimate for 50 -acre
overland flow system for the Marshall Durbin Co.,Canton,
Mississippi. Responsibilities included onsite storage facility,
pump station and distribution network for 30 fields, runoff
collection/pump-back system, discharge/retention monitoring
facility, land grading, and site roads.
■ Project Engineer for the design of land application facilities
for Anheuser-Busch Brewery, Williamsburg, Virginia. Respon-
sibilities included conceptual layout and final design of seven
center pivot irrigators, subsurface drainage, three retention
reservoirs, and construction startup for the 500 -acre land
application site. Additional responsibilities included road
design, runoff collection/pump-back systems, and overall proj-
ect coordination for construction.
■ Resident Engineer for construction of subsurface drainage
improvements at the Anheuser-Busch Brewery, Jacksonville,
Florida.
■ Project
Engineer
for the design of subsurface drains at
the Anheuser-Busch Brewery, Jacksonville, Florida. Respon-
R
sibilities
included
conceptual and final design of 12.5 miles of
'9
subsurface
drains,
design of site roads, and the feasibility of
8
using a
surface and
subsurface collection pump -back system
0
for the
300 -acre
land application site.
Project Engineer on the design of Grand Strand Water and
Sewer Authority's Central Wastewater Treatment Plant land
application site, Conway, South Carolina. Responsibilities
included conceptual and final design of subsurface drainage
system, surface runoff collection--pump-back system, and
sludge application system for the 150 -acre site.
JIMMY W. OTTA
■ Assisted on design of drainage improvements to the effluent
irrigation area at Winter Haven's Wastewater Treatment
Facility No. 3, Winter Haven, Florida. This included design
of 23 miles of subsurface drains, 6 miles of open channel
collection system, and 11 drop structures for the 1,500 -acre
irrigation area.
■ Prepared preliminary design and cost estimate for gravity
feed pressure pipeline to serve 44,000 acres in the Yakima-
Tieton Irrigation District, Yakima, Washington. This included
layout, computer sizing, and cost estimating the 90 -inch to
4 -inch main lines to serve District shareholders.
■ Assisted on design of Central Oregon Irrigation District's
Powell Butte Siphon and Byram Flume Structure Replace-
ments, Redmond, Oregon. Project included 72 -inch siphon,
dam, and flume replacement with compacted embankment
and lining. Responsibilities included hydraulic analysis of
flume for winter water runs, cost estimate for the project,
and design of anchor collars for the siphon.
■ Project Engineer for the design of 15 inverted siphons,
chute, and flume for the replacement of 17 lateral flumes
for Central Oregon Irrigation District's Rehabilitation Pro-
gram, Redmond, Oregon. This also included the replace-
ment or addition of headwalls, weirs, turnouts, trashracks,
and desilting basins.
■ Design of 16 -mile effluent export line for Livermore-Amador
Valley Water Management Agency (LAVWMA). Also
designed drip irrigation system for LAVWMA pump station
grounds, and assisted in design of sprinkler washdown system
for LAVWMA peaking ponds.
Professional' Engineer Registration
Civil and Agricultural, California
Membership in Organizations
American Society of Agricultural Engineers
National Society of Professional Engineers
California Society of Professional Engineers
Publications
"Solving Industrial Wastewater Problems with Land Application,"
a paper presented at the summer meeting of the American Society
of Agricultural Engineers, San Antonio, Texas, June 1980.
RESUME OF JAMES E. McCLELLAND, JR.
TITLE AND ADDRESS: Vice President, Branch Manager
McClelland Consulting Engineers,
Inc.
1311 West 2nd, Little Rock,
Arkansas 72201
DEGREES AND CERTIFICATES: B.S.C.E., Fayetteville, Arkansas;
Registered Professional Engineer
- Arkansas No. 3412; Louisiana
No. 14479, Texas No. 40,839; ASPE
State Young Engineer of the Year
Award- Arkansas 1977 & 1978
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: 1977 -Present
Principal in charge of Little
Rock office. Responsible for
environmental engineering design
of various water treatment &
wastewater treatment facilities
and appurtenant works for private
• and municipal clients in
Arkansas. Also, including
designs of various civil
• engineering projects such as
subdivisions, recreation
facilities, street and drainage
works, etc.
1967-1977
Similar duties and experience
with another consulting
• engineering company in Arkansas
PROJECTS AND DUTIES: Inspector; City of Mountain Home,
Contact Stabilization Aeration
Plant, 1 MGD and sewere outfall
lines.
Project Engineer, Salem,
Arkansas; Oxidation Pond
following Race Track Aeration
Treatment Plant.
Monitcello (1970) - 3.5 MGD
Aerated Facultative Lagoons (2)
utilizing 25 hp. floating
aerators. Also, including
outfall sewer line.
PROJECTS AND DUTIES:
Imboden (1972) - Extended
Aeration Waste Treatment Plant,
Sewer Lines and Pump Stations
utilizing 5 hp. floating
aerators.
Atkins (1973) - .15 MGD Huessman
Orbal Extended Aeration System
and sewer outfall lines.
Dumas - (1980) - 2 MGD Aerated
Facultative Lagoon System
utilizing compressed air and 2
aerators.
Arkansas Nuclear One Facility at
Russellville (1980) - 15,000 GPD
Extended Aeration Package
Treatment Plant, pump station and
outfall sewer line.
Harrisburg (1980) - Extended
Aeration Addition to Present
Oxidation Pond.
Warren (1980) - Extended Aeration
Waste Treatment Plant, 3 MGD.
Biscoe (1980) - .1 MGD 4 Cell
Facultative Lagoon and outfall
lines.
Wilmar (1980). - 1.2 MGD 4 Cell
Facultative Lagoon System,
including pump station and sewer
collection lines.
Mountain View (1980) - Addition
to primary and secondary filter
treatment plant, including a
sewer system evaluation survey
(Report).
Tucker Prison, (1982) Jefferson
County, Arkansas. Project
Manager on new aerated
facultative lagoon system for
existing unit and new 500 man
Maximum Security Unit.
PROJECTS AND DUTIES: Wrightsville Prison, (1983)
Wrightsville, Arkansas - Addition
of 75,000 GPD extended aeration
wastewater treatment facility.
Project Manager.
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES: President, Arkansas State Board
of Health and Chairman of
Executive Committee; Vice
President, Arkansas Society of
Professional Engineers; Member,
Continued Education Committee,
Professional Engineers in Private
Practice, and National Society of
Professional Engineers. Vice
President Elect, Arkansas Water
Pollution Control Association;
Past President, Little Rock
Engineers' Club; Past Chairman,
Arkansas Water Works and
Pollution Control Association;
Past Vice President, Little
Founder's Lion Club.
RESUME OF VERNON D. ROWE
TITLE AND ADDRESS:. Vice -President
McClelland Consulting Engineers,
Inc.
1810 North College Ave.
Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
DEGREES AND CERTIFICATES:
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
Bachelor of Science in Chemical
Engineering, University of
Arkansas, 1971; Master of Science
in Environmental Engineering,
University of Arkansas, 1973
Professional Engineer, No. 4105,
Arkansas
1977 - Present; McClelland
Consulting . Engineers, Inc.,
Fayetteville, Arkansas, Vice
President. Responsible for
project management, studies and
research, team management,
business development, and
client/firm liaison in the
environmental engineering area.
1972 - 1977
McClelland Consulting Engineers,
Inc., Fayetteville, Arkansas,
Project Engineer. Responsible
for planning, design and
construction observation of
various public works and
industrial projects.
1968 - 1972
ESCOMLAB, F
Division of
Engineers,
Technician.
basic water
ayetteville, Arkansas,
McClelland Consulting
Inc., Laboratory
Responsible for
quality analysis.
PROJECTS AND DUTIES: Mr. Rowe is a Vice President of
MCE. He has served in that
capacity since being made a
principal in the firm in 1978.
Prior to that, Mr. Rowe was a
Project Engineer and Project
Manager for MCE for 6 years. In
total, Mr. Rowe has over 10 years
experience in the planning,
design, and/or construction
management of industrial and
municipal projects, including
over 15 municipal wastewater
management projects.
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES: Water Pollution Control
Federation; Arkansas Activities
Federation of Air and Water
Users; Arkansas Society of
Professional Engineers; National
Society of Professional
Engineers.
RESUME OF JOHNNY QUINN
TITLE AND ADDRESS:
DEGREES AND CERTIFICATES:
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE:
I
PROJECTS AND DUTIES:
Projects Coordinator
McClelland Consulting Engineers,
Inc.
1810 North College Ave.
P.O. Box 1229 .
Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
B.S.C.E., University of Arkansas
M.S.C..E., University of Arkansas
Registered Prof. Engineer -
Arkansas No. 4314
Des. Rep. - Septic Tank Design
Washington County - Arkansas No.
72-10
1972-74; Staff Sanitary Engineer;
Chief, USARSUPTHAI, Bangkok,
Thailand. (U.S. Army)
1974-77; Site Engineer/Inspector;
various wastewater construction
projects, including the
Springdale and Jonesboro (West
Side) wastewater treatment plants
while in the employee of another
engineering firm.
1977 -Present; Design Engineer,
Project Engineer, and Project
Coordinator; McClelland
Consulting Engineers, Inc.,
Fayetteville,Arkansas,.
Project Engineer for design of
municipal wastewater treatment
facility; Dumas Arkansas;
including the upgrading of an
existing plant and nine (9)
sewage pumping stations.
Project Coordinator; design of
various municipal wastewater
I.
collection/treatment projects,
including: Wilton, Arkansas,
DeQueen, Arkansas; Elkins,
Arkansas; and Eureka Springs,
Arkansas.
1
■
PROJECTS AND DUTIES: Project Engineer; Wastewater
equalization project; Scott Paper
Co., Rogers, Arkansas.
Project Coordinator; design of
various industrial wastewater
treatment projects, including:
Mountaire Corporation
(Selbyville, Delaware); Hudson
Foods (Hope, Arkansas); Randall
Company (Wilmington, Ohio).
Project Engineer for treatment of
food -processing plant effluent;
Steel Canning Co.; Ft. Smith,
Arkansas.
Project Engineer for various
industrial wastewater treatment
projects specifically involving
the treatment of metal finishing
wastewaters: Darling Stores
Fixtures, (Corning, Arkansas);
Brown -Jordan, (Suffolk,
Virginia); Superior Electric
(Cape Girardeau, Missouri); and
Southern Steel & wire, (Fort
Smith, Arkansas).
Project Engineer for various
industrial wastewater treatment
projects specifically involving
the treatment of poultry
processing plant effluents;
Mountaire Corporation (DeQueen,
Arkansas); Tyson Foods
(Nashville, Arkansas); OK Foods,
Inc. (Ft. Smith, Arkansas).
Project Engineer for separation
of oil from wastewater; Crystal
Oil and Refining Co.; Longivew,
Texas.
In addition to the foregoing list
of specific projects, Johnny
Quinn has overall responsibility
for the in-house coordination of
projects within the Fayetteville
office of McClelland Consulting
Engineers, Inc.
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES:
Past -President, Northwest
Arkansas Chapter of the Arkansas
Society of Professional
Engineers.
Outstanding Young Engineer,
1980-81, Arkansas Society of
Professional Engineers. National
Society of Professional
Engineers. Arkansas Society of
Professional Engineers. American
Waterworks Association. Water
Pollution Control Federation.
RESUME OF ROBERT W. WHITE
TITLE AND ADDRESS:
DEGREES AND CERTIFICATES:
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
PROJECTS AND DUTIES:
Project Engineer
McClelland Consulting Engineers,
Inc.
1810 N. College Ave.
P.O. Box 1229
Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
B.S. Ag. E., University of
Arkansas
M.S. Env. E., University of
Arkansas
Registered Prof. Engineer
Arkansas No. 4695
1972-73; Line Officer U.S. Navy.
1974-75; Research Assistant;
University of Arkansas, Civil
Engineering Department.
1975 -Present; Design/Project
Engineer; McClelland Consulting
Engineers, Inc.; Fayetteville,
Arkansas. Activities during this
period have been related
primarily toward municipal and
industrial wastewater collection
and treatment facilities. Land
application systems were
evaluated for many of the below
listed municipal wastewater
treatment projects. A land
application system was designed
and subsequently installed for
the wastewater discharged by a
major poultry processing plant.
City of Elkins, Elkins, Arkansas;
Design and Project Engineer for a
municipal sewage collection
system and for water distribution
system improvements.
City of DeQueen, DeQueen,
Arkansas; Design Engineer for
municipal sewage collection and
treatment system improvements.
PROJECT AND DUTIES:
City of West Fork, West Fork,
Arkansas; Design and Project
Engineer for municipal water
system and ball park
improvements.
City of Huntsville, Huntsville,
Arkansas; Design and Project
Engineer for municipal water and
sewer system improvements.
City of Eureka Springs, Eureka
Springs, Arkansas; Design
Engineer for municipal sewer
system improvements.
City of
Fayetteville,
Fayetteville,
Arkansas; Design.
Engineer for
municipal airport,
park, and
swimming pool
improvements
projects. Design
Engineer for
subdivision sewage
systems within
Fayetteville.
City of Dumas, Dumas, Arkansas;
Design Engineer for municipal
sewage system improvements.
City of Sulphur Springs, Sulphur
Springs, Arkansas. Design and
Project Engineer for municipal
water distribution system
improvements.
City of Wilton, Wilton, Arkansas;
Design Engineer for municipal
sewage system improvements.
Washington County Rural
Development Authority, Washington
County, Arkansas. Design and
Project Engineer for rural water
distribution system expansion.
City of Warren, Warren, Arkansas;
Engineering analysis of sewer
system infiltration/inflow
quantities.
PROJECTS AND DUTIES; Hudson Foods, Inc., Hope,
3s Arkansas; Design Engineer for
poultry processing plant
industrial wastewater treatment
facilities, wastewater land
application system and oil spill
prevention, control and
countermeasure plan.
Anchor Post Products, Inc.,
Harrison, Arkansas; Design
Engineer for metal plating
industrial wastewater treatment
facilities.
Southern Steel and Wire Company,
Fort Smith, Arkansas; Design
Engineer for metal plating
industrial wastewater treatment
facilities.
Tiffany Conway, Inc., Conway,
Arkansas; Design Engineer for
metal plating industrial
wastewater treatment facilities.
Weyerhaeuser Company, DeQueen,
Arkansas; Design Engineer for
pole and timber preserving
industrial wastewater treatment
facilities.
Allen -Canning Company, Alma,
Arkansas; Design Engineer for
canning plant industrial
wastewater treatment facilities.
RESUME OF CHARLES MCLAUGHLIN
TITLE AND ADDRESS: Project Engineer
McClelland Consulting Engineers,
Inc.
1810 N. College Ave.
P.O. Box 1229
Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
DEGREES AND CERTIFICATES: B.S.E.E., University of Arkansas
M.S.C.E., University of Arkansas
Registered Professional Engineer,
State of Arkansas No. 4534
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: 1971-1972; Staff Engineer;
Arkansas Department of Pollution
Control and Ecology, Little Rock,
Arkansas.
1972-1973; Plant Electrical
Engineer; Big Chief Roofing
Company, Ardmore, Oklahoma.
1974-1978; Inspector, Resident
Engineer, Staff Engineer;
McGoodwin, Williams, and Yates,
Inc., Fayetteville, Arkansas.
Municipal water and wastewater
collection, transfer, and
treatment projects.
1978 -Present; . Design Engineer,
Project . Engineer; McClelland
Consulting Engineers, Inc.,
Fayetteville, Arkansas.
PROJECTS AND DUTIES:
Corps of Engineers, Little Rock
District, Little Rock, Arkansas;
Design Engineer for water
distribution system and sewage
collection, conveyance, and
treatment systems for Prairie
Creek Recreation Area, Beaver
Lake, Arkansas.
Mountaire of Delmarva,
Selbyville, Delaware; Project
Engineer for detailed engineering
study of wastewater treatment
requirements and alternatives for
poultry processing plant.
PROJECTS AND DUTIES: Elkhart Products Corporation,
Fayetteville, Arkansas; Project
Engineer for detailed engineering
study of wastewater treatment
requirements and alternatives for
metal cleaning facility.
Hudson Foods, Inc., Hope,
Arkansas; Project Engineer for
engineering study of wastewater
treatment alternatives for
poultry processing plant.
The Randall Company, Wilmington,
Ohio; Design Engineer for metal
plating industrial wastewater
pretreatment system.
City of Wilton, Wilton, Arkansas;
Design Engineer for municipal
wastewater treatment facility.
City of Hot Springs, Hot Springs,
Arkansas; Project Engineer for
study of energy conservation
alternative at existing municipal
wastewater facilities.
City of Bartlesville,
Bartlesville, Oklahoma; Project
Engineer for development of an
industrial wastewater
pretreatment program.
Electrical Design Engineer for
numerous municipal and industrial
wastewater projects.
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES: Arkansas Society of Professional
Engineers; National Society of
Professional Engineers;
Institute of Electrical and
Electronic Engineers; Instrument
Society of America; Association
of Energy Engineers.
e
r
•
Registration
Registered Professional Engineer in the states of Louisiana.
Maryland. Pennsylvania. Texas. and California.
Fields of Competent.
Management of environmental services for municipal and
indusrial wastewater treatment, with particular emphasis on
land treatment technology. Feasibility planning, concept
development, engineering design. construction management,
facility start-up. operational consultation, and liaison with
regulatory agencies.
Experience Summary
Ten year's experience as a corporate environmental engineer
with a major food processing company. Responsibilities
included concept and engineering design of varioustypes of
wastewater treatment systems. supervison of construction
and liaison with plant operating staffs and regulatory agencies.
Five years' experience as project manager of environmental
consulting services, specializing in the ddsign and construction
of land application systems for wastewater' treatment. Re-
sponsibilities included marketing, project development, and
project management.
Credentials
B.S., Sanitary Engineering —Pennsylvania State University.
1966
M.S.. Sanitary Engineering —Pennsylvania State University,
1967
Key Projects
• Designed expansions for a number of existing industrial
wastewater treatment systems.
• Designed new extended aeration system for Champion
Valley Farms. Inc. in Bloomsburg. PA.
ENVIRONMENTAL
' RESOURCES
ii MANAGEMENT, INC.
■
D. Donald Deemer, P.E.
• Designed new slow rate land treatment system for
Pepperidge Farm. Inc. in Richmond, UT. System was
recognized by Utah Water Pollution Control Association
as most outstanding wastewater treatment system in State
of Utah in 1977.
• Conducted numerous feasibility studies and conceptual
designs for municipal and industrial land treatment
systems.
• Designer and project manager of new overland flow land
treatment system for Nabisco. Inc. in Woodbury. GA.
System was chosen as the outstanding contributor to
Georgia's environment by the Georgia Business and
Industry Association in 1978.
• Project manager for the design of an overland flow land
treatment system for a new International Paper Company
mill in Mansfield. LA.
• Speaker at several EPA, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
and state -sponsored seminars on land treatment of waste-
water.
• Organized development of overland flow chapter in 2nd
edition of EPA's "Process Design Manual for Land Treat-
ment of Municipal Wastewaters;" 1981.
• Project Manager for design and construction of an over-
land flow land treatment system for the Town of Gretna,
VA. -
• Developed operating plan forland treatmentof oil refinery
sludges.
Publications
Author and co-author of approximately 12 papers dealing
with land treatment of wastewater.
Professional Affiliations
Water Pollution Control Federation
American Clean Water Association
Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry
National Food Processors Association
American Frozen Food Institute
American Textile Manufacturers Institute
Southeastern Poultry & Egg Association
Chi Epsilon Civil Engineering Honor Society
(g i
Appendix B
Rnrknrn• intl
®E
®i INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING
CH2M HILL prides itself in having contributed heavily to
the advancement of engineering technology. Our contribu-
tions have come over many years of activity in the consult-
ing engineering field. Technology advancements brought
forward by CH2M HILL have been in answer to practical
problems and have been shared with the profession at
large. Some of the innovative engineering advances we
have contributed are:
■ Invented and developed the FloMatcher System
• to control motor and pump speed.
■ Developed a process for removing nitrogen from
wastewater, recovering it as ammonium sulfate
fertilizer.
• Pioneered the recycle of waste biological sludge
protein back to feed animals for additional meat
production.
■ Designed a system for recovery of protein from
meat packing plant wastes.
■ Designed a system to reduce ammonium sulfate
fertilizer and ammonium hydroxide from zirconium -
hafnium separation plant effluent streams.
■ Proposed coupling of the activated biological
filter (ABF) with the activated sludge (AS) sys-
tem to yield the biofilter/AS system used in
treatment of both municipal and industrial
wastewaters.
■ Developed the mixed -media filtration system and
associated controls for treating both water and
wastewater.
■ Adapted, from the sugar industry, the use of
activated carbon systems for full-scale wastewater
treatment applications.
■ Pioneered and designed the first advanced waste-
water treatment plant (Tahoe process).
■ Designed first full-scale application of anaerobic
biological filters to treat wastewater.
• Developed and applied high -rate filtration of
industrial process water.
a
INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING
■ Applied microscreen treatment to oxidation pond I
effluent for meeting secondary treatment dis-
charge requirements. (Funded by the EPA as
innovative technology.)
■ Initiated first municipal use of liquid alum for
potable water coagulation.
■ Designed water recycle system for redwood hy-
draulic barker.
■ Pioneered cold climate (sub zero) land treatment ■
of wastewaters.
■ Pioneered use of glass -lined piping for raw '
sludge transport.
■ Performed, for the U.S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, several research and development
projects including:
Cost-effective advanced wastewater treat-
ment of small municipal and industrial flows
Biological treatment of plywood mill steam
vat wastes
Activated sludge treatment of potato process-
ing wastewater
Low cost, fully aerobic treatment (including
digestion) of municipal wastewaters
Screening of combined sewer overflow with
(a) discharge of screenings to further treat-
ment and (b) disinfection followed by storm
sewer discharge of the screened effluent
■ Designed first large-scale secondary treatment
system using deep (60 feet) tank aeration and
dissolved air flotation secondary clarification.
• Developed a recycled coagulation process for
treatment of both water and wastewater with
particular application for removal of color from
pulp and paper effluents.
■ Pioneered soil
profile
modification
as a
technique
to effectively
increase
infiltration
and
percolation
2-4
INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING
rates for land application of high BOD effluent
on problem soils.
■ Designed first fully automated surface irrigation
system for reuse of industrial wastewater for
commercial agriculture.
■ Developed a complex computer design model for
land leveling of surface irrigated land application
systems.
• Designed new type of valves for ocean outfalls,
to operate at diffuser outlets, prevent entry of
sand, resist anchor drag forces, and be reason-
ably maintenance free.
■ Pioneered deep -well injection of treated effluents
in the Southeast.
r Developed magnesium carbonate system of coagu-
lation utilizing coagulant recovery. Demonstrated
effectiveness of process for treating potable water
at four major water supplies and currently using
• process to treat pulp and paper wastewaters.
• Designed first use on the West Coast of a saw -
tooth weir on a dam to increase the effective
weir length.
■ Located and developed first municipal water wells
in the State of Florida using aerial photos and
fracture trace technique.
■ Designed and developed, the first artificially
recharged well field for municipal water supply
in the State of Florida.
■ Developed a sewer analysis model for sanitary,
storm, and combined sewer systems.
■ Designed a pollution -free system to recover
energy from sander dust in standard boilers.
• Developed a system to use energy generated from
wastes to dry particle board raw material.
• Developed McClellan AFB showcase of energy con-
servation, for Department of Defense.
INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING
■ Developed M90 system for pulp and paper mill
color removal.
■ Pioneered high -volume air pollution source sam-
pling; developed equipment and techniques.
■ Developed "portable port" system for transfer
of cargo between ship and shore in areas where
no docks exist.
■ Designed first West Coast use of large circular
cells of steel sheet piling to support a container
wharf and the first use anywhere of a canti-
levered concrete dock on such circular cells.
■ Development of a strain -gauge -type slope meter
for measurement of pile deflection.
■ Designed new simple apparatus to measure ten-
sile strain in cohesive soil beams so as to eval-
uate the effect of moisture content and remolding
on the formation of cracks in the soil.
■ Designed a curvature meter to measure curvature
of pilings in place and to determine stress in the
pilings.
■ Developed a rapid monitoring system which uti-
lizes aerial photography from fixed -wing aircraft
to detect movements in dams, landslides, etc.
for the U.S. Bureau of Mines.
■ Developed the Mineral Reserves Evaluation Sys-
tem for surface deposits using minimum depth
and maximum stripping ratio mining criteria
and graphic display of the results.
■ Pioneered and designed the first large scale
municipal treated wastewater irrigation system
utilizing schools, parks, public areas, and
residential lawns, as ultimate disposal points.
CH2M HILL continues to seek opportunities for application
of innovative engineering ideas to meet our clients' needs
and to further advance the engineering profession.
4-4
ENGINEERING AWARDS
RECEIVED BY CH2M HILL
1966
Lake Tahoe Water Reclamation Plant of the South Tahoe Public Utility
District, Bijou, California: First place in the FIRST ANNUAL DESIGN
AWARD competition sponsored by the Consulting Engineers Council of
Oregon.
1967
Bioxidation Aerated Pond System for Wastes From a Bleached Sulphite
Pulp Mill for the Weyerhaeuser Company of Cosmopolis, Washington:
Award for OUTSTANDING ACCOMPLISHMENT in water pollution abate-
ment from the Pacific Northwest Pollution Control Association.
Lake Tahoe Water Reclamation Plant of the South Tahoe Public Utility
District, Bijou, California: GRAND CONCEPTOR AWARD for design
in the 1967 International Engineering Excellence Awards competition of
the American Consulting Engineers Council.
125 -Acre Spray Irrigation System for Disposal of Industrial Plant
Wastes From a Separate Industrial Wastes Collection System. Project
completed for the City of Yakima, Washington: Award for OUTSTANDING
ACCOMPLISHMENT in water pollution abatement from the Pacific
Northwest Pollution Control Association.
Salmon Harbor
Project of the
Port of Umpqua and
Douglas
County,
Oregon: Winner
in the 1967
OUTSTANDING ENGINEERING
DESIGN
competition of
the Consulting
Engineers Council of
Oregon.
Tannery Wastes Treatment Facility of Frontier Leather Company,
Sherwood, Oregon: Award for OUTSTANDING ACCOMPLISHMENT in
water pollution abatement from the Pacific Northwest Pollution Control
Association.
1968
Clarifier -Incinerator System for Publishers Paper Company, Oregon
City, Oregon: ENGINEERING EXCELLENCE AWARD, Consulting
Engineers Council of Oregon.
Waste Treatment Plan for the Frontier. Leather Company of Sherwood,
Oregon: INDUSTRIAL PROTECTION AWARD, Pacific Northwest Pollution
Control Association.
1969
Klamath National Forest, U.S. Forest Service: AMERICAN INSTITUTE
OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION AWARD.
1970
Bridge Over Salmon River in Klamath National Forest: AWARD OF
MERIT from the American Institute of Steel Construction.
Scott River, Siskiyou County, California: AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF
STEEL CONSTRUCTION AWARD.
Sewage Treatment Plant, City of Dallas, Oregon: MUNICIPAL WATER
PROTECTION AWARD, Pacific Northwest Pollution Control Association.
Sewage Treatment Plant Expansion, Chehalis, Washington: MUNICIPAL
WATER PROTECTION AWARD from the Pacific Northwest Pollution
Control Association.
Waste Treatment Facility, Publishers Paper Company, Oregon City,
Oregon: ENGINEERING EXCELLENCE AWARD, Consulting Engineers
Council of Oregon.
Waste Treatment Facility, Weyerhaeuser, Cosmopolis: INDUSTRIAL
WATER PROTECTION AWARD, Pacific Northwest Pollution Control
Association.
1972
Clarifier -Incinerator and Chemical Recovery System, Publishers Paper
Company Pulp and Paper Mill, Oregon City, Oregon: OREGON CUP
(CLEANING UP POLLUTION) AWARD, Oregon Department of
Environmental Quality.
Photogrammetry and Computer Technology System for Seattle Storm
Drains, Seattle, Washington: DESIGN AWARD in the Consulting
Engineers Council of Washington annual competition.
Water Reclamation and Recycling System, Forest Fiber Products,
Forest Grove, Oregon: Award from the Pacific Northwest Pollution
Control Association.
1973
Sewage Treatment Plant, Idaho Falls, Idaho: MUNICIPAL WATER
PROTECTION AWARD of the Pacific Northwest Pollution Control
Association.
Water Recycling System, Simpson Timber Company, Korbel, California:
ENGINEERING EXCELLENCE AWARD, Consulting Engineers Council of
Oregon.
1974
Bridge over 1-80N at Interchange No. 1 in Bliss, Idaho: AWARD FOR
EXCELLENCE for the Rocky Mountain Northwest Region in the 1974
bridge awards program of the Portland Cement Association.
John M. Fulton Terminal 6 Wharf Project (Cellular Dock), Port of
Portland, Oregon: FIRST PLACE DESIGN AWARD of the Consulting
Engineers Council of Oregon. Also winner of HONORABLE MENTION
DESIGN AWARD in the National Engineering Excellence Awards
competition of the American Consulting Engineers Council.
Municipal Project, Sumner, Washington: Top MUNICIPAL WATER
PROTECTION AWARD of the Pacific Northwest Pollution Control
Association.
Sewage Treatment Plant, Wilsonville, Oregon: HOUSE BEAUTIFUL'S
1974 Award contest for landscaping.
1975
Bellingham Bay Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant, Bellingham, Washington
HONORABLE MENTION in the design competition of the Consulting
Engineers Council of Washington.
Solid Waste Processing and Recovery Facility, Cowlitz County, Washington:
HONORABLE MENTION AWARD in the 1975 Engineering Excellence
Competition of the Consulting Engineers Council of Oregon.
Waste Treatment Plant, Idaho Falls, Idaho: FIRST PLACE in the 1975
competition of the Consulting Engineers of Idaho.
Wastewater Treatment Plant, Kihei, Hawaii: FIRST PLACE AWARD in
the 1975 Engineering Excellence Competition of the Consulting Engineers
Council of Hawaii. Also EXCELLENCE IN ENGINEERING DESIGN
AWARD, Water & Wastes Engineering Magazine.
Waterton Sour Gas Plant Wastewater Treatment System, Shell Canada
Ltd: HONORABLE MENTION AWARD in the 1975 Engineering Excellence
Competition of the Consulting Engineers Council of Washington.
1976 •
Lake Tahoe Wastewater Reclamation Plant of the South Tahoe Public
Utility District, Bijou, California: Winner of one of 200 HORIZONS
ON DISPLAY citations by the Department of Housing and Urban
Development and the American Revolution Bicentennial Administration,
recognizing an outstanding example of community problem solving.
Southwest Wastewater
Named among the ten
OF 1976 by the Natioi
City of Boise, Idaho:
the Pacific Northwest
Treatment Plant, St. Petersburg, Florida:
OUTSTANDING ENGINEERING ACHIEVEMENTS
ial Society of Professional Engineers (USA).
MUNICIPAL WATER PROTECTION AWARD of
Pollution Control Association.
1977
Biogas Facility, Denver, Colorado: FIRST PLACE AWARD in the
competition of the research and development division of the Consulting
Engineers Council of Colorado annual Engineering Excellence Competition.
South Fork Coeur d'Alene River Sewer District, Idaho: MUNICIPAL
WATER PROTECTION AWARD of the Pacific Northwest Pollution Control
Association.
Idaho Falls, Idaho, Sewage Treatment. Plant: EPA EXCELLENCE IN
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE AWARD.
I Caldwell, Idaho, Sewage Treatment Plant: EPA EXCELLENCE IN
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE AWARD.
1978
Biogas Facility, Denver, Colorado: GRAND CONCEPTOR AWARD in
the 1978 Engineering Excellence Awards competition of the American
Consulting Engineers Council.
Rock Creek CMS System, Unified Sewerage Agency, Rock Creek,
Oregon: HONORABLE MENTION in the 1978 Engineering Excellence
Awards competition of the American Consulting Engineers Council.
Treatment Plant, ITT Rayonier, Hoquiam, Washington: HONORABLE
MENTION in the 1978 Engineering Excellence Awards competition of
the Consulting Engineers Council of Washington.
II Willow Lake Wastewater Treatment Plant, City of Salem, Oregon:
HONORABLE MENTION in the 1978 Engineering Excellence Awards
competition of the American Consulting Engineers Council.
' 1979
Point Roberts Marina, Washington: HONOR AWARD in the 1979
Engineering Excellence Awards competition of the Consulting Engineers
Council of Washington; and SPECIAL JURY AWARD in the Engineering
Excellence Competition of the Prestressed Concrete Institute.
I. Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority Advanced Wastewater Reclamation
Plant, Manassas Park, Virginia: RUNNER-UP in the 1979 Annual
Excellence in Engineering Design Award competition sponsored by
Water & Wastes Engineering.
Salmon Hatchery, Oregon Aqua -Foods Inc., Springfield, Oregon:
FIRST PLACE AWARD in the 1979 Engineering Excellence Competition
of the Oregon Consulting Engineers Council.
Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge, Olympia, Washington: HONOR
• AWARD from the American Society of Landscape Architects.
Reverse Osmosis Plant, Cape Coral, Florida: OUTSTANDING CIVIL
ENGINEERING PROJECT AWARD in 1979 from the South Florida Section
of the American Society of Civil Engineers.
Air Installations Compatible Use Zones Studies, Oahu, Hawaii:
COMMANDER AWARD from the Naval Facility Engineering Command
1980
Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority Regional Wastewater Reclamation
Plant, Centreville, Virginia: HONOR AWARD in the 1980 Engineering
Excellence Awards competition of the American Consulting Engineers
Council.
Resource Recovery Program, Monroe County, New York: Named amonc
the ten OUTSTANDING ENGINEERING ACHIEVEMENTS OF 1980 by the
National Society of Professional Engineers (USA). Also received an
award for Outstanding Achievement from the New York Society of
Professional Engineers and the Monroe Professional Engineering Society
Successive Reuse Program, Denver Water Board, Denver, Colorado:
ENGINEERING EXCELLENCE AWARD in the 1980 Engineering Excellence
Awards competition of the Consulting Engineers Council of Colorado in
the Research category.
1981
Ray D. Nixon Power Plant Water Systems, City of Colorado Springs
Department of Public Utilities, Colorado Springs, Colorado: HONOR
AWARD in the 1981 Engineering Excellence Awards competition of the
American Consulting Engineers Council.
Yakima-Tieton Irrigation District Emergency Canal Repair, Yakima,
Washington: HONORABLE MENTION in the 1981 Engineering Excellence
Awards competition of the Consulting Engineers Council of Washington.
Advanced Energy Technology Demonstration Program, McClellan Air
Force Base, Sacramento, California: HONORABLE RECOGNITION in the
1981 Engineering Excellence Awards competition of the Consulting
Engineers Association of California.
McCall Summer Chinook Salmon Hatchery, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Walla Walla, Washington: CO -WINNER in the 1981 Engineering Excellence
Awards competition of the Consulting Engineers Council of Idaho. This
project also received an AWARD OF MERIT in the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers Design and Environmental Awards competition.
1982 ,
Waste -To -Energy Program, Monroe County and Rochester Gas & Electric
Corporation, Greece, New York: FIRST PLACE AWARD from the Consulting
Engineers Council of New York State in their 1982 Engineering
Excellence Awards competition.
TRW/Ore-Ida Solar Industrial Process Steam System, Ontario, Oregon:
IDAHO GRAND CONCEPTOR AWARD in the 1982 Engineering Excellence
Awards competition of the Consulting Engineers of Idaho.
Secondary Wastewater Treatment Facility for ITT Rayonier, Port Angeles,
Washington: FIRST HONOR AWARD in the 1982 Engineering Excellence
Awards competition of the Consulting Engineers Council of Washington.
" WASTEWATER FACILITIES
PLANNING`}
In completing wastewater facilities
plans, municipalities must conduct popu-
lation and service area projections, an
infiltration/inflow analysis, a public
involvement program, and an environ-
mental impact assessment. Collection
and treatment system alternatives are
developed and evaluated prior to selecting
a cost-effective plan for implementation.
Pipe joint failure admitting infiltration
into a sewer. Conditions like this
and inflow conditions, roof drain
connections, for example, are
examined during the infiltration/inflow
analysis.
7
'2
3
R
E
V
Wastewater facilities planning is the first step in the Federal construc-
tion grant process leading to construction of improved wastewater
facilities. Completion of required analyses is mandatory to preserve
grant eligibility for subsequent design and construction activities.
Knowledge of the grant requirements, experience in dealing with
regulatory agency personnel, and familiarity with the range of options
available to provide improved facility operations make CH2M HILL
well -qualified to perform facilities planning for our clients. We can
also assist clients in grant administration and in gaining the best
possible priority rating for their proposed projects.
As a leader in wastewater treatment technology, CH2M HILL applied
innovative and alternative approaches to solving wastewater problems
before grant incentives were provided for such solutions. Now that
greater emphasis is being placed on such solutions, CH2M HILL has
an edge in conducting wastewater facilities planning projects incorpo-
rating analyses of innovative and alternative processes._
We are familiar with other wastewater facilities planning services as
well, including population and service area projections, infiltration/inflow
analyses, public involvement programs, environmental impact assessments,
flow and waste reduction techniques, and energy recovery or reduction
measures. These analyses supplement the basic purpose of the facilities
plan itself --to develop and evaluate transmission and treatment system
alternatives.
CHUM HILL can assemble a comprehensive team of engineers, environ-
mental planners, scientists, and economists to work with clients as
needed on all components of a facilities plan. Our capabilities include
a, modern in-house computer system, which can help categorize manage-
ment alternatives or predict the effects of future population growth
and development patterns.
Informational meetings are an important part of public participation in the planning process.
Opinion surveys, •media presentations; newsletters, workshops, citizen participation, and
communication programs also help gather public input.
• 1
CH2M HILL has prepared wastewater facilities plans for large and
small clients in many areas of the country. Our overall wastewater
management experience includes the planning and design of some of
the most advanced treatment systems in the world, and some of the
simplest. This background gives CH2M HILL a range of unique
insights and flexible approaches to wastewater planning.
Our services include preparation of applications, total plans, and
portions of plans for other consultants. Plans are developed in three
phases. In the inventory phase, data are gathered to determine
system characteristics. In the analysis phase, the various problems
of the existing system are determined. Finally, in the projection and
evaluation phase, alternative plans for serving existing and future
sewered areas are evaluated and the details of a recommended plan are
developed.
Infilt-,tl •n ramitu-ii, I i, F' xery 'n
e..J do tr Vit ante Iri:: ,inJ
tIn pruh'al Call tnr I td,iliav, Olen ncvelop,
Ilc Itrve, f., r n.n tI AItoi �uVt, nit end
trI Iit'-ent ,y.:,y i,.
®® FACILITIES PLANS -PREPARATION COMPLETED AND
■® IN PROGRESS UNDER PL92-500 AND PL95-217
Albany, Oregon
Anderson, California
Baker, Oregon
Bear Creek Valley. Sanitary Authority, Oregon
0 Medford
e White City
Bellingham, Washington
Bend, Oregon
Boise, Idaho
Boulder, Colorado.
Bridgeton, Maine
Burley, Idaho
Camas, Washington
Cannon Beach, Oregon
Clackamas County Service District
Oregon
Clatsop County (Wauna-Westport),
Crystal Bay General Improvement,
Dallas, Oregon
Donner, California
Douglas County (Roseberg), Oregon
East Bay Municipal Utilities District, California
Estacada, Oregon
Folsom, California
Fort Pierce Utility Authority, Florida
Gainesville, Florida
Government of American Samoa
Homer, Alaska
Howard County (Elliott City), Maryland
Incline Vill"age, Nevada
Jerome, Idaho
Kenai, Alaska
Kitsap County (Bremerton), Washington
LaGrande,. Oregon
Lake City, Florida
La Push, Washington
Lead -Deadwood Sanitation District, South Dakota
Lebanon, Oregon
Leesburg, Florida
Lewis County (Centralia), Washington
Logan, Utah
Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District, Wisconsin
Mariposa
Maryland
Maryland
Maui Cou
No. 1 (Oregon City),
Oregon
Nevada
County, California
Department of Public Works
Environmental Service
nty, Hawaii
Molokai
Paia
FACILITIES PLANS -PREPARATION COMPLETED AND
IN PROGRESS UNDER PL92-500 AND PL95-217
Merced, California
Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal District No. 1,
Colorado
■ Clear Creek Basin
■ Lower South Platte Basin
■ Lower South Platte River
• Sand Creek Basin
Metropolitan Milwaukee Sewerage District, Wisconsin
Metropolitan St. Louis Sewer District, Missouri
Milton-Freewater, Oregon
Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle, Washington
Nampa/Caldwell, Idaho
Nome, Alaska
Northeast Ohio (Cleveland) Regional Sewer District, Ohio
Olivehurst Public Utility District, California
Ontario, Oregon
Oroville, California
Parma, Idaho
Placerville, California
Port Angeles, Washington
Potlatch, Idaho
Redding, California
St. Petersburg, Florida
Salt Lake City, Utah
San Francisco, California
San Jose/Santa Clara, California
Sierra Lakes County Water District, California
Snohomish County (Everett), Washington
Soldotna, Alaska
South Tahoe Public Utilities District, California
State of California Department of Corrections
Stevenson, Washington
Stockton, California
Tillamook, Oregon
Tracy, California
Tulsa, Oklahoma
Tuolumne County Water District No. 2, California
Turlock, California
Unified Sewerage Agency of Washington County (Hillsboro),
Oregon
■ Lower Tualatin Basin
■ Rock Creek Basin
Walla Walla, Washington
Weaverville, California
Weaverville Sanitary District,
Weiser, Idaho
West Pasco County (New Port
Whatcom County Water District
Woodburn, Oregon
Yreka, California
California
Richey), Florida
No. 10, Washington
ON PROGRAM MANAGEMENT -
MILWAUKEE WATER POLLUTION
ABATEMENT PROGRAM
Regular schedule updates are important
to on -time, within budget delivery of
programs.
CLIENT: Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
The Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District (MMSD)
serves 26 communities within a 420 -square -mile area
bordering Lake Michigan. In 1977, two courts determined
that discharges from MMSD's sewer system were polluting
Lake Michigan and that overflow from combined sewers was
a major contributor to pollution in the Milwaukee River. To
comply with newly enacted state and federal laws that set
standards for effluent discharges and to meet stringent
requirements established for Milwaukee under the court
orders for the substantial elimination of combined sewer
overflow problems, MMSD undertook a 12 -year, $1.6 billion
water pollution abatement program.
This long-term, complex program, begun in 1976, is a major
facility planning, design, and construction effort involving
a staff of over 500 from more than 15 consulting firms.
The project itself consists of rehabilitation of the Jones
Island Wastewater Treatment Plant, expansion of the South
Shore Wastewater Treatment Plant, rehabilitation of the
sewage collection system, substantial elimination of combined
sewer overflows, establishment of &Total Solids Management
Program, and construction of a series of interceptors to
eliminate smaller wastewater treatment plants.
Recognizing the complexity of these tasks and the need for
innovative management, MMSD has operated under,a
Program Management concept from the beginning of the
project.- This approach has vested sole -source
responsibility for the management and technical performance
of the program in a single firm--CH2M HILL.
As head of the consulting consortium formed for the
Milwaukee. project, CH2M HILL is accountable directly to
MMSD for all program tasks, regardless of which firm or
individual is actually performing the work. In addition to
overall program/project management --which includes project
control (cost/schedule), strategic planning, and assistance
in funding de'velopment--CH2M HILL is responsible for
facility planning, environmental assessment, preliminary
engineering, design, and construction management,
including bid preparation and analysis.
IC By following a Program Management approach, MMSD has
5 relieved itself of many of the burdens of project super-
° vision. In addition, centralization of responsibility has
o
saved both time and money --a high level of efficiency has
been realized in the planning and organization of the work
and the effects of inflation will be more easily controlled
over the life of the project.
An indication of how successful this approach has been
comes from the Regional Office of EPA, which has com-
plimented the program by noting that facility planning has
been accomplished in 2-1/2 years instead of the more than 5
years it would have taken under traditional approaches.
A number of management techniques and organizational
arrangements have been employed to support the efficiency
and economy goals of the program, including:
■ Accelerated facilities planning with concurrent
environmental studies, infiltration/inflow analysis,
and SSES--together with tight construction
management --will save 2-1/2 years of design time
and over 3 years of construction time, saving a
potential $300 million in construction costs.
■ Close coordination with regulatory agencies,
careful matching of funding with program
elements, and "fast -track" reviews and approvals
were implemented to save additional time and
expense.
■ Technical expertise is provided as needed,
freeing the project from the long-term cost of
permanent personnel.
■ Central management fixes responsibility for
quality control and enables systems and services
to be standardized for all tasks of the program.
■ A community involvement program is maintained to
permit citizens to participate in the evaluation and
selection of project alternatives.
• Involvement of minority business enterprise is
coordinated and aggressively pursued to meet or
exceed established community or regulatory goals.
■ Design packages are reviewed for constructability,
optimizing scheduling, cash flow, resource availability,
and owner -managed construction opportunities.
■ Work being performed on design packages that
"cut across" facilities is internally monitored and
managed to ensure coordination among designs.
OUWATER RESOURCE PLANNING
AND DEVELOPMENT
CH2M HILL has 30 years of experience and broad capabilities in planning,
designing, and supervising the construction of both large and small water
resources development projects. Our clientsprojects have provided water
supplies for irrigation, municipal and industrial uses, flood control, hydro-
electric power development, water quality control, fish and wildlife enhance-
ment, and conjunctive use of surface and ground water. All types of water
resource projects, from the design of a dam and reservoir to the establishment
of a water quality management control policy for a watershed, require a multi-
discipline effort. CH2M HILL's project teams have all of the capabilities needed
to work effectively with the client in water resources planning and development.
Indian Valley Dam and Reservoir, designed by CH2M HILL for the -Polo County
Flood Control and Water Conservation District in California, performs all of
the above -described functions except power generation. In addition to the
design, CH2M HILL's services included an evaluation of the existing irrigation
system; water rights evaluations for acquisition through bond financing;
financial analyses and engineering reports in support of bond and federal loan
financing for the dam and reservoir; and assistance in long-range planning
designed to ensure maximum use of available water resources.
Indian Valley Dam and Reservoir.
Yolo County, California.
New Don Pedro Reservoir
CH2'd HILL tle ,Jned the recreation
'aCr it,es 'nr' n.' N.-rPerim Refit r: -.r, -
r n'nl 9ndryi I i.r hitt. Irrr lots onjiyl.[I
I. .r ill' rule
For the City and County of San Francisco, California, we prepared a plan for
development of the hydroelectric power potential (340 megawatts) of the
Tuolumne River between the existing Hetch Hetchy project and New Don Pedro
Dam and Reservoir.
For the Central Nebraska Public Power and Irrigation District, we prepared a
master plan for enlargement and rehabilitation of its 67,000 acre E65 irrigation
system. The plan included a system for conjunctive surface and ground water
management. We also studied a proposed 40,000 kW hydroelectric power plant
to be added to the irrigation outlet of Kingsley Dam on the North Platte River.
For the Sacramento District Office of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, we
prepared a design memorandum on hydrology and preliminary feasibility
studies far the proposed Humboldt River project in Nevada.
At Oroville Dam and Reservoir, for the State of California, and at New Don
Pedro Reservoir, for the Modesto and Turlock Irrigation Districts, CH2M HILL
planned, designed, and supervised the construction of comprehensive recre-
ation facilities.
In serving the Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle, we prepared a compre
hensive water resources management plan for the Green and Cedar River
Basins. Conjunctive surface and ground water supplies, streamflow mainte-
nance for recreation and fishery enhancement, watershed storage for flood
control, hydroelectric power, and water supply were among the considerations
CH2M HILL and Trintoplan Consultants, Ltd (our joint venture partner).
provided planning and design services to the Water and Sewage Authority,
Trinidad. West Indies, on a major water supply project - The components of
this multipurpose system include an earthen dam and raw water storage
reservoir (35,000 acre - feet capacity), two raw water pump stations, more
than 50 miles of large transmission pipelines, a 72-mgd treatment plant, and
several distribution system pump stations and reservoirs.
For the Placer County Water Agency's yliddle Fork American River project,
we designed four hydroelectric powerhouses and associated substations with
a total capacity of 210,000 kW.
Middle Fork pnaerfioinr on the AAirltlie
F nrk nl the Anu.ru an Rrvor This is one
n! Lru. I,dr.r.I,.r r o Pnnrrquuscs th it
w.. I
A
■
H ■■ WATER QUALITY AND,
• CAKE EUTROPHICATION STUDIES
CLIENT: Florida Sugar Cane League
Clewiston, Florida
In 1975, the Environmental Quality Committee of the Florida Sugar Cane
League retained our firm to prepare a report on the water quality of Lake
Okeechobee, the second largest lake in the United States. After a thorough
analysis of published information on the lake, we recommended a program
of further study, including a comprehensive evaluation of water quality in
the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) south of the lake. The EAA com-•
prises approximately 710,000 acres of peat and muck soils. The water
quality study involved the determination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and water
balances for typical sugarcane, pasture, and vegetable land use areas. The
quantity and quality of backpumped and irrigation waters were continuously
monitored and sampled at three representative farms. Five checkpoint sites
were also monitored periodically, as were several private drainage districts
that pump water directly into Lake Okeechobee. CH2M HILL also assessed
the effects of agricultural practices such as fertilizer application rates, water
table control, and type of crop.
The results of the study, which was carried out jointly with the South
Florida Water Management District, form a'basis for future water manage-
ment decisions in the EAA.
Field scientist making evaporation
pan measurements.
Typical pumping station in the EAA with CH2M HILL monitoring station upstream. .
ii FINANCIAL PLANNING
.12 ]O.CUJ'
AN
AL
..e20YEND
1
IOtAC IIJCOIAE `
t tniAL E%PEN Dl illf
'
1
CH2M HILL can develop the planning necessary to finance your waste-
water projects. We have more than 30 years' experience formulating
financial plans. for municipalities and special purpose districts. These
plans can. be simple, requiring only one or two sources of revenue,
or complex, requiring revenue from multiple sources such as grants,
bonds, taxes, assessments, user fees, and special or general funds.
With our assistance, municipalities and special districts can more
easily develop the ordinances, methods, and specific procedures to
provide the proper balance of revenue for satisfying short- and
long-term project expenditures.
We have developed computer programs for financial plans that allow
rapid analysis of such variables as interest rates, payment methods,
phase development schedules, and revenue sources themselves. Arch
Cape Service District, Clatsop County, Oregon, used such a program
to monitor past expenditures and to estimate future cash flow involved
with its sewerage system.
CH2M HILL prepares audio and visual presentations fbr use in public
participation sessions, which explain the basics of financial plans.
These multimedia presentations enable the public to more easily
understand complex concepts, and help resolve conflicts that often
arise with property owners over assessments and easements fbr public
.._`e •.. ^ �^ - improvements.
'!{
These programs, together with our knowledge of project funding,
ASSESSMENTS • l enable us to recommend financial plans that are workable. Being able
' i L 116EVFAL RP to present these plans confidently and in terms the public can under-
I.50ESS<MC 'f wx a -,w 8
e .�A1ea-I..+l evc.(,No6LTIDN stand helps to make an appeal for funds more credible and offers the
$ Im0. ¢OP 1 10 ew,ker °
9: iR?IM ITY + best chance to achieve public acceptance of necessary projects, and
� � 'O �e
L_ —_J. J,4tl BIG AT AT 1dty 6)\D _ to avoid costly project delays.
---�__._.__., Tt}TAL A55E65MENT- 319,5
6d LL n4.[,-2 . +. +.
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Cash flow program for the Arch Cape
Service District, Clatsop County, Oregon.
ofPUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROGRAMS
CH2M HILL has directed or conducted public involvement
programs for projects of local to regional scope. Our role
has varied, consistent with the nature of the project, the
techniques used, and extent of. our assistance. We have
designed, executed, and evaluated the effectiveness of each
major phase of public involvement:
1. Information dissemination --press releases and announce-
-ments for radio, television, newspaper, and magazine
coverage; leaflets and brochures; mailed notices; oral
presentations at public meetings; video tapes, slide
shows, and color movies.
Information acquisition --interviews, telephone polls,
mailed surveys, and questionnaires.
3. Information interchange --workshops, public meetings,
public hearings, informal group sessions, and negotiations.
Representative projects in which citizen participation was a
major consideration are listed below:
ALUMAX ALUMINUM REDUCTION
ALUMAX PACIFIC CORPORATION
UMATILLA, OREGON
We prepared a community impact
dinated the proposal with agencie
views, and presented our finding
PLANT
study for public use, Coor-
s, conducted agency inter-
s at public hearings.
BEND WASTEWATER FACILITIES PLAN
CITY,OF BEND, OREGON
During sewer' right-of-way acquisition, we personally con-
tacted each property owner to explain the project and begin
purchase negotiations. We also conducted the basic public
involvement program required by EPA regulations.
BROWNSVILLE CITY WATER SUPPLY
BROWNSVILLE, OREGON
Public information, public meetings, public hearings, and
interviews were conducted for this HUD -financed water supply
project.
CHEHALIS, WASHINGTON
APPLICATIONS FOR HUD BLOCK GRANTS
As part of a successful effort in applying for HUD Community
Development Block Grant funds for the City of Chehalis, we
designed and directed the required citizen involvement pro-
gram. This included printing leaflets, publicizing and con-
ducting•citizen meetings, and organizing public hearings for
both the Planning Commission and City Council.
1-7
PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROGRAMS
CORVALLIS, CITY OF
RIVERFRONT PARK MASTER PLAN
CORVALLIS, OREGON
Citizens were actually part of the planning and design team
for the Corvallis Riverfront Park. We conducted three work-
shops for goal setting, defining design alternatives, and
preparing a refined master plan. Extensive public notifica-
tion was accomplished by mail, news releases, and advertising.
CH2M HILL also conducted work sessions with the project
advisory committee and city staff. The public involvement
process produced strong local interest and enough support
to make the park a reality. Many workshops participants
later became volunteers who helped with improvements on
the riverfront.
GAINESVILLE, CITY OF
METROPOLITAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
ORGANIZATION
BICYCLE SYSTEM PLAN
GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA
Public involvement was a vital aspect in the development of
a bicycle system plan because of widely divergent philosophies
concerning bicycle use. Monthly workshops were held with
the 25 -member Citizens Review Committee, whose membership
included bicyclists, motorists, students, and representatives
of the Florida Department of Transportation (DOT), the city
and county staffs, and the Florida Utilities Council. Members
of this coalition actively participated in the formulation of
the final system plan. CH2M HILL planners also gave presen-
tations before the City Commission, County Council, and
the Florida DOT.
HELEN S. HOWORTH COMMUNITY PARK
PINELLAS PARK, FLORIDA
Through a series of hands-on public workshops, the citizens
of Pinellas Park designed their own 60 -acre community park
with the help of CH2M HILL planners. Goals were established,
needs were identified, and alternative park designs were
formulated before the final design was approved by the City
Commission. The public involvement program included work-
shops, meetings, interviews, newspaper articles, and public
sessions.
IDAHO FALLS, CITY OF
ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION LINE
IDAHO FALLS, IDAHO
CH2M HILL worked with local citizens to identify an acceptable
transmission line corridor that would not only meet the long-
term needs of the city but would be accepted by area resi-
dents as well. This was accomplished by a series of commu-
nity and public meetings and discussions with special interest
groups.
PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROGRAMS
IDAHO TRANSPORTATION DEPARTMENT
1-90 LOCATION ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
STATEMENT
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
COEUR d'ALENE, IDAHO
As part of a 2 -1/2 -year study to determine the route for
1-90 north of Lake Coeur d'Alene, special effort was made
to incorporate the community's views. We developed a pro-
gram in which all interested groups of citizens met with
staff from the Idaho Division of Highways in a series of
workshops to establish planning criteria for the projects.
Through this exchange, the division developed additional
alternatives for study and the citizens used the criteria to
evaluate alternatives and list preferences. The results were
communicated to the Idaho Board of Transportation and in-
corporated into the EIS and the decision making process. A
final hearing concerning the corridor location was then held
after publication and review of the draft EIS.
JBF SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION
POTENTIAL SOLAR ELECTRIC USE STUDY
WILMINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
The Solar Energy Research Institute of the U.S. Department
of Energy conducted a series of studies to assess the poten-
tial for solar electric technologies for six regions of the
United States. For studies in the ten -state Northwest Region,
JBF Scientific retained CH2M HILL to conduct a public aware-
ness and participation program. First, we helped identify
potential owners, users, and other persons concerned with
the acceleration of the practical uses of solar electric generat-
ing systems.' After more than 1,000 people were contacted,
a select group was chosen to participate in a series of work-
shops and seminars. CH2M HILL coordinated workshops
and seminars in Omaha, Portland, Anchorage, and Honolulu;
facilitated discussion sessions with program participants;
recorded proceedings and published their results; and served
as a local liaison for information dissemination.
LOWELL NEIGHBORHOOD PLAN
EVERETT, WASHINGTON
CH2M HILL staff worked closely with local citizens and city
staff in planning for future neighborhood land uses and public
facilities.` Work included the preparation and distribution of
citizen surveys and attendance at numerous small and large
meetings during which goals, policies, and plans for the
neighborhood were developed. Negotiations with owners of
adjacent industrial property were also included in the public
participation process.
3-7
PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROGRAMS
MUNSEL LAKE MOBILE HOME PARK
R. L. KUEBLER ENTERPRISES
ESCONDIDO, CALIFORNIA
Our planners interviewed local property owners and businesses
to determine the need for a new mobile home park and to
identify individuals and groups who would support the project.
We prepared graphic displays of conceptual plans and partici-
pated in several public meetings, including presentations
before the Planning Commission and Board of County
Commissioners.
ORE-IDA FOODS, INC.
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT
ONTARIO, OREGON
Under a program sponsored by the U.S. Department of
Energy, CH2M HILL assisted Ore -Ida Foods, Inc., in develop-
ing a system to demonstrate the feasibility of industrial use
of geothermal energy and to encourage its use by other
industrial processors. An effective public awareness program
was an integral part of the project. CH2M HILL was respon-
sible for developing and implementing a public information
program, including preparation of press packets, periodic
press conferences and news releases, and development of
other information and promotional materials throughout the
various stages of project development.
PAIUTE RESERVATION PLAN
PAIUTE TRIBE OF UTAH
Under the Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah Restoration Act,
Congress authorized the Tribe to select and acquire up to
15,000 acres of land for a reservation. Public involvement
was vital to the success of the land selection and reservation
planning process. To maintain an effective public awareness
program, CH2M HILL prepared press releases; conducted
meetings with local, state, and Federal agencies; and is
maintaining a mailing list for periodic updates on the program.
Internally, regular informational meetings are being conducted
with tribal members, and a tribal newsletter has been
established.
PORT QUENDALL MASTER PLAN
RENTON, WASHINGTON
As part of our efforts in preparing a master plan for an
environmentally sensitive tract of land adjacent to Lake Wash-
ington, we prepared an extensive news media and citizen
information program. This included conducting an open
house attended by more than 200 people, preparing press
packets, and meeting with small groups of citizens.
4-7
PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROGRAMS..
RICE HILL ESTATES
RICE HILL, OREGON
Our participation included surveys and informal interviews
with nearby property owners, interviews and negotiations
with regulatory agencies, and presentations at public hearings,
ST. LOUIS POLLUTION CONTROL PROJECT
METROPOLITAN SEWER DISTRICT
ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI
With the assistance of an opinion research firm and a film
producer, we conducted an ambitious public involvement
program that went far beyond conventional meetings and
public hearings. First, pollution problems were identified
through the use of questionnaires published in the city's
newspapers and through videotapes of small discussion groups.
A telephone poll surveyed 1,000 randomly selected people
and provided valuable information on the public's priorities.
Public workshops furnished an educational forum, and a
50 -member Community Resource Committee supplied additional
in-depth opinions and advice. Throughout the program,
news and feature articles along with radio and TV interviews
kept the residents of St. Louis informed of the progress of
the pollution control project.
SEATTLE, CITY OF
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENTS FOR LARGE
DOWNTOWN DEVELOPMENTS
SEATTLE, CITY OF
In the preparation of environmental impact statements for
several major downtown office buildings and condominiums,
we have prepared a variety of materials for required public
hearings, These included graphic displays, photo boards,_,
fact sheets, written and oral testimony, and summaries of
the costs and benefits of major new projects.
SEWARD, CITY OF
SEVENTH AVENUE GREENWAY
SEWARD, ALASKA
CH2M HILL planners prepared this urban waterfront park
and campground plan, which was based on survey results,
public meetings, a.public hearing, and interviews with af-
fected industries and agencies.
SILETZ RESERVATION LAND SELECTION AND PLAN
CONFEDERATED TRIBES OF SILETZ INDIANS OF OREGON
This project included preparation of tribal membership sur-
veys; conducting interviews, public workshops, and weekend
planning retreats; attending and testifying at congressional
hearings;, negotiating with individuals, industries, and agen-
cies; and preparing media releases, a scale model of proposed
developments, and graphic displays.
5-7
PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROGRAMS
SILVERTON, CITY OF
SILVERTON COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
SILVERTON, OREGON
Our planners were responsible for a public involvement pro-
gram that included interviews, public workshops, and public
meetings and hearings. We designed a questionnaire, which
was delivered to all city residents, and then analyzed the
responses to it. We also prepared newspaper notices and a
newspaper tabloid plan summary.
SPOKANE, WASHINGTON
NORTH RIVER BANK URBAN DESIGN PLAN
SPOKANE, CITY OF
CH2M HILL worked directly with the staff of the Spokane
City Planning Department in handling all public information
and community participation elements of a long-range plan-
ning and urban design study for a riverbank area in the
center of Spokane. This work has included attendance at a
number of citizen task force meetings at which project goals,
policies, planning principles, and plan proposals were pre-
sented for review and approval. Under our direction, a
large model of the entire area and features of the plan was
prepared. We also prepared a slide show and a summary of
the entire document in newspaper tabloid form.
WARM SPRINGS RESERVATION PLAN
CONFEDERATED TRIBES
OF THE WARM SPRINGS RESERVATION
OREGON
For this extensive public involvement program, we first
coordinated the formation of a comprehensive plan review
board. We are now preparing a slide/tape orientation; train-
ing tribal members to conduct orientation meetings; and
developing surveys, to be completed by tribal members,
which we will analyze. Throughout the 2 -year program, we
will be responsible for presenting plan materials at public
meetings, preparing graphic displays, developing tabloid
summaries of plan elements, and writing media releases.
WASTEWATER COLLECTION AND TREATMENT
FACILITY PLANS
NATIONWIDE
CH2M HILL has conducted both basic and full-scale public
involvement programs to meet Environmental Protection Agency
requirements under the Construction Grants program
(PL 92-500) in nearly every state in the United States.
This has included more than a hundred "201" and "208"
projects for local and regional governments.
677
y Y.
PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT PROGRAMS'
WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
COMPREHENSIVE PLAN
BELLINGHAM, WASHINGTON
CH2M HILL worked closely with several student planning
committees and college administrators as part of the task to
revise the long-range master plan for the campus of Western
Washington University. We also conducted a public hearing
on the campus and participated in a public hearing before
the Bellingham City Council.
7-7
®®
®® WASTE TREATMENT EXPERIENCE
In the last decade, CH2M HILL has achieved a unique posi-
tion in the field of wastewater treatment technology. It
was during this period that the firm achieved significant
breakthroughs in the field of advanced or tertiary waste-
water treatment, improved activated sludge design tech-
niques, physical/chemical treatment technology, and high -
rate solids separation. In addition, the firm has a strong
background in all land disposal and industrial waste treat-
ment applications. We have recently completed major con-
ventional treatment vs. land disposal studies for Montgomery
County, Maryland; Boulder, Colorado; Fort Ord, California;
and the Unified Sewerage Agency near Portland, Oregon.
We have also been extensively involved in land application
of sludges to agricultural land through projects for the City
of Salem, Oregon; Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal
District No..1; and Idaho Falls, Idaho.
CH2M HILL received the National Engineering Excellence
Award in 1967 from the Consulting Engineering Council for
the LakeTahoe Water Reclamation Plant. This plant has
been proclaimed by the U.S. Public Health Service as the
most advanced sewage treatment system in the world.
In addition, CH2M HILL has received regional awards for
seven municipal and industrial waste treatment projects
with which we were involved.
In 1.976, CH2M HILL's recycling system for the City of
St.. Petersburg, Florida, Southwest Treatment Plant was
designated by the National Society of Professional Engi-
neers as one of the, top ten engineering achievements for
the year.
Two principals of CH2M HILL have received special presi-
dential recognition for theircontributions to sewage treat-
ment technology.
CH2M HILL has played a leading role in the development of
new process techniques and equipment applications. These
range from the first large-scale use of complete mixed acti-
vated sludge systems and pioneering work in tertiary or
advanced waste treatment. to development of the first prac-
tical pump -speed control system and mixed media filtration
techniques. CH2M HILL can point with pride to at least 16
significant innovative contributions to sanitary engineering
technology.
./73.0
80
1-3
■
WASTE TREATMENT EXPERIENCE
CH2M HILL has had the opportunity to participate in the
planning for major wastewater reclamation (AWT) plants.
Included in these are: ,
o Advanced wastewater reclamation and disposal
facilities (100 mgd) for Clark County, Nevada,
serving the greater Las Vegas area;
o A plan for successive use of their water resource
through physical/chemical treatment techniques
(100 mgd ultimate) for Denver, Colorado, Board
of Water Commissioners;
o Advanced wastewater reclamation facilities (147
mgd) for Washington Suburban Sanitary Commis-
sion, Maryland;
o Pilot plant studies and process development for
advanced wastewater treatment facilities for the '
City of San Francisco (1,000 mgd maximum);
o Design of the Rock Creek AWT facility with phos-
phorus removal for Unified Sewerage Agency,
Hillsboro, Oregon;
o Design of a 7.5-mgd AWT plant for the Tahoe -
Truckee
Sanitation Agency;
o Design of a 15.0-mgd AWT plant for the Upper ,
Occoquan Sewage Authority in northern Virginia;
I
o Design and operation of AWT pilot plant facilities
for process development of treatment facilities for
the Lake Biwa, Shiga, Japan;
o Development of advanced waste treatment design '
concepts for Zurich, Switzerland.
In addition, CH2M HILL has served clients on more than
1,400 sewerage and waste treatment projects and has de-
signed
over 400 waste treatment systems for both municipal
and industrial applications.
Included in these projects have been land disposal of liquid
waste and sludges, physical/chemical treatment, all types of
conventional secondary treatment, and, of course, the sig-
nificant previous and on -going work in AWT processes.
- i,
WASTE TREATMENT EXPERIENCE
CH2M HILL has recently completed the following guideline
manuals, or technical design guides for EPA:
o Estimating Staffing for Municipal Wastewater.
Treatment Facilities
o Estimating Laboratory Needs for Municipal Waste-
water Facilities
o Basic Elements of State/Federal Programs on
Operation and Maintenance of Municipal Waste-
water Treatment Facilities
0 Process Design Manual for Carbon Adsorption
(revised)
o Three papers on AWT systems in EPA technology
transfer program
CH2M .HILL believes that waste treatment planning should
not only be technologically sound but must also meet the
environmental and water quality criteria expected by the
public. Toward this end, we have developed a large staff
of environmental planners, biologists, ecologists, geologists
and related scientific and environmental analysts, with sup-
porting analytical facilities, to ensure an environmentally
sound approach meeting public acceptance.
I./73.0
80 .
3-3
■■ MAJOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT DESIGN
■■ PROJECTS
ALACHUA, CITY OF
ALACHUA, FLORIDA
Designed a 400,000-gpd activated sludge wastewater treat-
ment plant including an agricultural spray irrigation system.
ALBANY, CITY OF
ALBANY, OREGON
Sewage treatment plant additions for 250,000 equivalent
population.
ANDERSON, CITY OF
ANDERSON, CALIFORNIA
One-mgd activated sludge plant with effluent filtration.
ARCADIA, CITY OF
• ARCADIA, FLORIDA
Designed a 1.0-mgd activated sludge wastewater treatment
facility with flow equalization.
ATLANTA, CITY OF
ATLANTA, GEORGIA
Designed sludge dewatering facilities, pollution control
facility, and modifications to wastewatertreatment plant.
BEND, CITY OF
BEND,. OREGON
Two-mgd complete mix activated sludge plant with effluent
disposal underground.
BLACKFOOT, CITY OF
BLACKFOOT, IDAHO
STP modifications and expansion, 30,000 population
equivalent.
' BOISE, CITY OF
BOISE, IDAHO
Expansion of activated sludge secondary treatment plant to
' 15 mgd.
BURLEY, CITY OF
BURLEY, IDAHO
' Design of sanitary and industrial interceptor sewers and
sewage treatment plant facilities, which consist of 80 acres
of sewage stabilization ponds and sewage pump station to
Iprovide treatment for a. population of 17,000.
1-7
MAJOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT DESIGN
PROJECTS
CALDWELL, CITY OF
CALDWELL, IDAHO
Interceptor sewers and complete treatment plant for a
design population of 20,000.
CAMAS, CITY OF
CAMAS, WASHINGTON
Four-mgd activated sludge plant with pump station and
river outfall.
CAPE CORAL, CITY OF
CAPE CORAL, FLORIDA
Designed a 4-mgd addition and modification to the existing
wastewater treatment plant with flow equalization.
CENTRALIA, CITY OF
CENTRALIA, WASHINGTON
Trickling filter expansion, 2 mgd.
CHEHALIS, CITY OF
CHEHALIS, WASHINGTON
Expansion of sewage treatment plant, treating a combined
domestic and industrial waste with a population equivalent
of 90,000.
CLACKAMAS COUNTY SEWER DISTRICT NO. 1
OREGON
Design of 10-mgd activated sludge treatment plant and
100,000 feet of 12- to 48 -inch interceptor sewer.
Design of 360,000 feet of main and lateral sewer system.
CLARK COUNTY
WASHINGTON
Design interceptor, force main, pump station, treatment
plant, and outfall for Salmon Creek drainage basin.
COLLIER COUNTY
FLORIDA
Designed 1.5-mgd wastewater treatment plant and sewerage
system.
COLORADO SPRINGS, CITY OF
COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO
30-mgd complete -mix activated sludge plant expansion and
100-mgd pump station.
2-7
I..
i
MAJOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT DESIGN
PROJECTS
' CORVALLIS,..CITY.OF
CORVALLIS, OREGON
Sewage treatment plant expansion for 300,000 equivalent
population.
DALLAS, CITY OF
DALLAS, OREGON
' Sewage treatment plant expansion for 100,000 equivalent
population.
DONNER SUMMIT PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT
I. CALIFORNIA
Wastewater treatment plant and 20,000 feetof sewers.
Expansion of existing 12-mgd trickling filter plant.
Storm water pumping station, interceptor sewers, raw sew-
' age pumping stations; and primary treatment for 78,000
population.
EUGENE, CITY OF
' EUGENE, OREGON.
Secondary treatment. plant additions for 78,000 population.
' Sewage treatment plant expansion for 400,000 equivalent
population.
GRAND STRAND WATER AND SEWER AUTHORITY
CONWAY, SOUTH CAROLINA
Designed a 6-mgd rotating biological contractor (RBC)
wastewater treatment facility; a $10 -million sewage ' trans-
mission system; 30,000 feet of 48 -inch -diameter effluent
outfall.
GREEN SANITARY . DISTRICT
I ROSEBURG, OREGON
Sewerage system.
IDAHO. FALLS, CITY OF
IDAHO FALLS, IDAHO
Additions and modifications to existing primary plant.
Secondary treatment added; 17-mgd, 350,000 population
equivalent.
Interceptor sewers and primary sewage treatment for a de-
sign population of 40,000.
MAJOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT DESIGN
PROJECTS
INCLINE VILLAGE GENERAL IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT
LAKE TAHOE, NEVADA
Three-mgd activated sludge sewage treatment plant; 13 -mile
export system; 250,000 feet of sewer.
MAUI, COUNTY OF
HAWAII
Complete sewerage system for north and south Kihei areas
of Maui involving approximately 100,000 feet of sewers and
force mains, seven pump stations, and a 4-mgd activated
sludge plant with filtration.
McMINNVILLE, CITY OF
McMINNVILLE, OREGON
Four-mgd activated sludge additions.
MERCED, CITY OF
MERCED, CALIFORNIA
10-mgd complete mix activated
of effluent.
sludge plant with land disposal I
METROPOLITAN DENVER SANITARY DISTRICT NO. 1
DENVER, COLORADO
70-mgd addition to secondary treatment plant utilizing high
purity oxygen (UNOX).
MODESTO AND TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICTS
DON PEDRO RECREATION AREA, CALIFORNIA
41,000 feet of sewers, three treatment facilities with spray
disposal.
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
WHISKEYTOWN, CALIFORNIA
Activated sludge and spray disposal system with winter
storage.
NATIONAL PART SERVICE
YOSEMITE PARK, CALIFORNIA
Design of treatment and disposal facilities for four major
park areas,
NEWBERG, CITY OF
NEWBERG, OREGON
Sewage treatment plant expansion; interceptor and pump
stations.
4-7
I
I
MAJOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT RESIGN
PROJECTS
OAKDALE, CITY OF
' OAKDALE, CALIFORNIA
Treatment plant expansion.
PASCO, CITY OF
PASCO, WASHINGTON
Trickling filter; sewage treatment plant expansion.
' PENDLETON, CITY OF
PENDLETON, OREGON
Interceptor sewer and complete treatment plant for a design
' population of 20,000.
Design of sewage treatment plant expansion to 12.5 mgd
'.• with complete -mix activated sludge. Equivalent population
185,000.
IH PORT ANGELES, CITY OF
PORT ANGELES, WASHINGTON
Design of interception system for existing sewer outfalls,
including seven pumping stations, 3.2-mgd primary sewage
treatment plant, and submarine outfall.
RAINIER, CITY OF
RAINIER, OREGON
STP expansion.
REDDING, CITY OF
REDDING, CALIFORNIA
Interceptor sewer and treatment plant for populaton of
15,000.
' REEDSPORT, CITY OF
REEDSPORT,. OREGON
' Two-mgd complete -mix activated sludge. treatment plant.
ROSEBURG, CITY OF
ROSEBURG, OREGON
'
Interceptor sewer and complete treatment plant for a design
population of 20,000.
SALEM, CITY OF
SALEM, OREGON
Secondary treatment plant expansion; 30-mgd, 1,000,000
equivalent population.
5-7
I
1
MAJOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT DESIGN
PROJECTS
SOUTH FORK COEUR d'ALENE SEWER DISTRICT
COEUR d'ALENE, IDAHO
Design of collection, interceptors, and sewage treatment
for five communities on South Fork Coeur d'Alene River.
SOUTH TAHOE PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT '
TAHOE, CALIFORNIA
Sewage treatment expansion No. 3 for 7.5-mgd tertiary '
plant.
Sewage treatment plant expansion No. 2 to 2.5-mgd tertiary
plant. '
SPRINGFIELD, CITY OF
SPRINGFIELD, OREGON
Treatment plant additions and interceptor to serve a design
population of 40,000.
STAYTON, CITY OF
STAYTON, OREGON
Sewage treatment plant and 75,000 linear feet of sewer.
STEVENSON, CITY OF
STEVENSON, WASHINGTON
Sewage treatment plant and 60,000 feet of sewers.
SWEET HOME, CITY OF
SWEET HOME, OREGON
Design of 1-mgd activated sludge plant with effluent fil-
tration and sludge dewatering.
TURLOCK, CITY OF
TURLOCK, CALIFORNIA
Upgrade and expansion of 15.5 mgd activated biofilter plant.
New solids handling systems, disinfection and outfall to irri-
gation canal.
UNIFIED SEWERAGE AGENCY
WASHINGTON COUNTY, OREGON
Sewage treatment plant, interceptors and trunk sewers.
UPPER OCCOQUAN SEWAGE AUTHORITY
MANASSAS PARK, VIRGINIA
Advanced waste treatment plant (15.0 mgd) design.
U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
FORT LEWIS, WASHINGTON
Sewage treatment expansion for 70,000 equivalent popula-
tion.
6-7
it
MAJOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT` PLANT DESIGN
PROJECTS
WEAVERVILLE, CITY OF
WEAVERVILLE, CALIFORNIA
0.5-mgd activated sludge plant with septage facilities.
WENATCHEE, CITY OF
WENATCHEE, WASHINGTON
Sewage treatment plant expansion for 50,000 population
equivalent.
WINCHESTER BAY SANITARY DISTRICT
WINCHESTER BAY, OREGON
Complete sewerage system including 13,500 feet of sewers,
0.16-mgd activated sludge plant, pump stations, and
appurtenances.
WILLAMINA, CITY OF
WILLAMINA, OREGON
Treatment plant expansion.
YREKA, CITY OF
YREKA, CALIFORNIA'
Two-mgd activated sludge plant.
7-7
on ADVANCED WASTEWATER
TREATMENT
In some areas of the country, concerns about water quality have led
to strict discharge standards that require nearly complete removal of
impurities (including nutrients) from wastewaters. Where overall
water resource conservation is a goal, reclamation for beneficial reuse
is another wastewater management objective. Advanced wastewater
treatment (AWT) technology, with its ability to produce effluents of
near -drinking -water quality, is a vital weapon in this battle to conserve
and protect our water resources.
In the first full-scale application of AWT concepts, CH2M HILL worked
with the South Tahoe Public Utility District to combine biological and
physical/chemical treatment processes in a 7.5-mgd plant. The tech-
nology developed in this successful, pioneering effort has since been
greatly improved by CH2M HILL and used throughout the. country.
We have•continued to play a role of leadership in the development,
refinement, and application of AWT technology.
Our design and operation experience includes a variety of 'AWT processes:
phosphorus removal by chemical precipitation, recarbonation, dual-
and'mixed-media filtration, ammonia stripping, breakpoint chlorination,
clinoptilolite ion exchange, biological nitrification-denitrification, reverse
osmosis,, and activated carbon adsorption. Our ancillary process
designs have 'included lime recalcination, carbon regeneration, sodium
hypochlorite generation, various gas recovery systems, and the
Ammonia Removal and Recovery Process.
Through past service to our clients, we offer unparalleled knowledge
and experience in the AWT field. With this "know-how," we can
approach each situation uniquely and give careful consideration to
factors such as influent characteristics, water -quality objectives,
reuse requirements; financial capabilities., energy conservation,
environmental effects, plant size and location, and existing treatment
facilities. Y (over)
The Tahoe -Truckee AWT Plant, California.
CH2M HILL's capabilities on AWT projects span development and
testing, feasibility studies, process comparisons, preliminary and final
design, construction supervision, plant startup and operation, and
operator training.
A few of our clients' AWT projects are briefly outlined below.
For the Tahoe -Truckee Sanitation Agency of Truckee, California,
CH2M HILL designed a 4.8-mgd AWT plant. The treatment process
includes high -purity -oxygen activated sludge, phosphorus removal by
lime coagulation, recarbonation, dual -media filtration, activated carbon
adsorption, and nitrogen removal by ion exchange.
For the Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority, Fairfax County, Virginia,
we designed a 15-mgd AWT plant with a treatment process similar to
the Tahoe-Tuckee plant. After storage in a recreational reservoir,
reclaimed water from this plant is released to Occoquan Reservoir as a
usable portion of the area's raw -water supply.
For the Unified Sewerage Agency, Washington County, Oregon, we
designed a 15-mgd AWT plant that includes phosphorus removal by
alum coagulation and mixed -media filtration.
For the City of Gainesville, Florida, we designed a 7-mgd AWT plant
that includes single stage activated sludge nitrification followed by
denitrification in the final effluent filters. Phosphorus removal is by
alum feed to the aeration basins.
For the Denver Board of Water Commissioners, CH2M HILL is acting
as technical consultant and designer on a program aimed at the develop-
ment of full-scale water reclamation processes that will ultimately
permit direct reuse of wastewater effluents.
For the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District, Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
CH2M HILL piloted AWT processes including chemical coagulation,
sedimentation, filtration, and ozone disinfection.
In major pilot plant studies for the City and County of San Francisco,
California, and for the Toray Engineering Company of Osaka, Japan,
we tested various physical/chemical and biological AWT processes.
Lpper 1k c,}gLh n Sewage Authority's AWT plan', Virginia
■■
■■ ADVANCED WASTE TREATMENT DESIGN EXPERIENCE
In the early 1960's CH2M HILL, on the Lake Tahoe project,
provided the major thrust toward today's advanced waste
treatment technology by first combining biological and
physical/chemical processes into a major advanced waste
treatment design. The successful Tahoe project was the
pioneer demonstration for economical use of lime as a
coagulant; recovery and reclamation of lime for reuse;
large-scale nitrogen stripping; mixed media filtration of
secondary effluent; design of carbon columns for removal
of taste, odor, color, ABS, and trace organics; and regenera-
tion of carbon for reuse.
UPPER OCCOQUAN SEWAGE AUTHORITY
FAIRFAX COUNTY, VIRGINIA
This 22.5-mgd plant includes activated sludge followed by
phosphorus removal with lime coagulation, nitrogen removal
utilizing clinoptilolite ion exchange, mixed media filtration,
carbon adsorption, lime recalcination, ion exchange media
and carbon regeneration, and sludge incineration.
The plant will utilize the first closed -cycle ammonia stripping
process for exchange media regeneration. The ammonia
removal and recovery process (ARRP) was developed by
CH2M HILL to eliminate the major objections to normal stripping
(scaling, temperature limitations, and discharge of ammonia
to the air) . The process includes recovery of ammonia nitrogen
in the form of common fertilizers such as ammonia sulfate and
aqua ammonia, which can be sold or used as byproducts.
TAHOE-TRUCKEE SANITATION AGENCY
TAHOE CITY, CALIFORNIA
This 7.5-mgd treatment plant includes a pure -oxygen -activated
sludge process; lime treatment with two -stage recarbonation;
mixed media filtration; activated carbon adsorption; ion exchange
for ammonia removal; and chlorination for disinfection. Additional
processes include the aforementioned closed -cycle ammonia
removal and recovery for the regenerate stream; activated
carbon regeneration in multiple -hearth furnaces; and dewatering
of the chemical precipitates with filter presses.
As with all of our design and predesign considerations, CH2M
HILL made a detailed cost-effectiveness analysis of all possible
processes to achieve a certain effluent requirement. The Tahoe -
Truckee project involved consideration of pure oxygen. versus
conventional air activated sludge; use of ozone in place of
recommended chlorine for disinfction and/or activated carbon
adsorption; use of alternative nitrogen removal processes
including ion exchange and vacuum degasifying of the
ADVANCED WASTE TREATMENT DESIGN EXPERIENCE I
regenerate solution; use of alum and ferric chloride as a ,
coagulant versus lime; use of anaerobic sludge digestion
versus incineration; and use of virgin lime versus recalcina-
tion. I
The closed -cycle ammonia recovery process using acid
absorption greatly simplifies the ammonia removal capabilities
in cold climates such as exist in the Lake Tahoe area and
Madison. This process, in combination with ion exchange, is
one of the more cost-effective solutions to ammonia removal _
in cold climates.
UNIFIED SEWERAGE AGENCY
WASHINGTON COUNTY. OREGON
This advanced waste treatment plant was designed for an
initial capacity of 15 mgd, with peak flows of 45 mgd. Three
alternative degrees of treatment were examined, including a
detailed study of land application of secondary effluent. Two
treatment systems and seven solids handling plans were
examined in detail. The final plant will include pure -oxygen -
activated sludge followed by alum coagulation, mixed media
filtration, and disinfection using chlorine or ozone. Sludge
from the primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment stages
will be anaerobically digested and applied to land.
WASHINGTON SUBURBAN SANITARY COMMISSION
MONTGOMERY COUNTY, MARYLAND
This initial 60-mgd capacity advanced waste treatment plant
has a maximum dry weather capacity of approximately 90 mgd,
with an ultimate capacity of 150 mgd. It involves all of the
processes described for the Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority
and, in addition, breakpoint chlorination for ammonia removal.
Final design of this facility was preceded by a detailed site
selection study, an in-depth pipeline and pump station route
selection study for the interconnecting sewers and force mains,
and a detailed predesign report fully describing all aspects
of the proposed facility.
CLARK COUNTY, NEVADA
This 80-mgd advanced waste treatment plant will treat
secondary effluent from the three major sewage treatment
plants in the Las Vegas Basin with a process including lime
coagulation for phosphorus removal followed by mixed media
filtration and carbon adsorption. Lime recalcination and carbon
regeneration are also planned. Prior to selection of this process
15 alternate treatment plants were considered, involving land
application of secondary effluents; evaporation ponds, and
combinations of treatment, land irrigation, and evaporation.
' U■ ADVANCED WASTE TREATMENT PAPERS
■■ BY CH2M HILL PERSONNEL,.
''.:.
' L. G. SU`HR
Nutrient removal at Lake Tahoe --costs and criteria. Pre-
sented at National Pollution Control Conference, April 1969,
Houston.
Design and operating data for a 7.5-mgd nutrient removal
plant.. Presented at Advanced Waste Treatment Symposium,
May 1968, Portland,
Practical concepts in activated sludge design. Presented at
the Second National Symposium Sanitary Engineering Re-
search. Development and Design. July 1969, Cornell Univer-
sity, Ithaca, New York.
Nitrogen. and phosphorus removal by high -pH lime coagula-
tion. Presented at Pacific Northwest Water Pollution Con-
trol Association Annual Meeting, October 1967, Portland.
I. Application of advanced waste treatment in the Tri-County
area. Presented at Advanced Waste Treatment Symposium,
May 1968., Portland.
'' Physical -chemical treatment of raw wastewater. With D. R.
Evans. Prepared for EPA Technology Transfer Seminar,
March 1972, Anchorage.
's
Summary of plant scale advanced waste treatment research
at South Lake Tahoe. With D: R. Evans, J. C. Wilson,
' G. L. Culp, and H. E. Moyer. Presented at 44th Annual
WPCF Conference, October 1971, San Francisco.
Design and operation of the Lake
Tahoe plant. With G. L.
Culp
and R. L. Culp. Presented
at ASCE Specialty Confer-
ence
on Nutrient Removal, June 1972,
Rochester, New York.
State
of the art: activated carbon
treatment of wastewater.
With
G. L. .Culp. Presented at the
Fourth Annual Joint
Chemical
Engineering Conference,
September 1973,
Vancou-ver.
Canada.
Concepts of wastewater reclamation.. Presented at the 44th
Annual Meeting of Rocky ,Mountain Section AWWA, September
1
1973, Denver.
HARLAN E. MOYER
' "The most complete wastewater treatment plant in the world."
The American City 79(9).
'72./73.1
2/80 1-4
■
ADVANCED WASTE TREATMENT PAPERS
BY CH2M HILL PERSONNEL
"The Lake Tahoe water reclamation project." Public Works
99(12):87-94.
"Wastewater
reclamation and export
at South Tahoe." With
R.
L. Culp.
Civil Engineering -
ASCE 39(6):38-42.
Summary of plant scale advanced waste treatment research
at South Lake Tahoe. With D. R. Evans, J. C. Wilson,
G. L. Culp, and L. G. Suhr. Presented at the 44th
Annual WPCF Conference. October 1971. San Francisco.
D. R. EVANS
Supplementing ammonia stripping with further nitrogen
removal by selective ion exchange and breakpoint
chlorination. FWQA Engineering Design Report. 1970.
Advanced wastewater treatment as practiced at South Tahoe
EPA Research Grant Report, 1971.
Summary of plant scale advanced waste treatment research
at South Lake Tahoe. With J. C. Wilson, G. L. Culp,
L. G. Suhr, and H. E. Moyer. Presented at the 44th
Annual WPCF Conference. October 1971. San Francisco.
"Capital and operating costs--AWT." With J. C. Wilson.
Journal WPCF 44(1):1-13.
Physical/chemical treatment. Presented at California WPCA
Annual Meeting, May 1972.
Physical/chemical treatment of raw wastewater. With L. G
Suhr. Prepared for EPA Technology Transfer Seminar,
March 1972, Anchorage.
High -quality treatment of combined municipal, fruit and
vegetable processing wastes. Presented at 45th Annual
WPCF Conference, October 1972, Atlanta.
"Pure
oxygen
plays a
big role."
Water and Waste Engineering,
9(11):53-54.
Physical -chemical wastewater treatment plant design. With
G. L. Culp and L. G. Suhr. EPA Technology Transfer
Seminar Publication. 1973.
2-4
ADVANCED WASTE TREATMENT PAPERS
BY CH2M HILL PERSONNEL
x
•
R. L. CHAPMAN
Recovery of coagulant, nitrogen removal, and carbon re-
generation in waste water reclamation. Report to FWPCA
under grant WPD-85, 1967.
CARL HAMANN
Reclamation of wastewater at Dallas. Presented at Annual
• Southwest Section AWWA Meeting, October 1968, Houston.
Published in Water: Southwest Waterworks Journal 51(12).
Application of upflow filters to wastewater treatment.
Proceedings, Advanced Water Utilities Conference, April
1969, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater.
Recarbonation and liquid carbon dioxide. With R. D. Haney,
Journal AWWA 61(10): 512-521.
Selection of a chemical process for phosphorus removal.
With Wahbeh. Proceedings, Sixth Environmental Engineer-
ing Conference, December 1971, Mississippi State Univer-
sity, State College.
Comparisons of physical/chemical treatment vs. biological
treatment. With Benjes. Presented at Annual Meeting of
Texas Water Utilities Association. March 1972.
"Water resource preservation by planned recycling of treated
wastewater." With G. L. Culp and R. L. Culp. Journal
AWWA 65(10):641-647.
Zero discharge and 100% water reuse. Proceedings, Third
Annual Pollution Engineering and Environmental Exposition
and Conference. May 1973, New York.
"Advanced waste treatment process selection." With G. L.
Culp. Public Works 105(3.4, 5).
J. C. WILSON
• Pilot scale comparison of biological and chemical -physical
processes at San Francisco. With Vagador, Cockburn, and
P. G. Hall. Presented at California WPCA Annual Confer-
ence, April 1974, San Jose.
Summary of plant scale advanced waste treatment research
at South Lake Tahoe. With D. R. Evans, G. L. Culp,
L. G. Suhr, and H. E. Moyer. Presented at 44th Annual
WPCF Conference, October 1971, San Francisco.
172./73.1
2/80
3-4
■
L
ADVANCED WASTE TREATMENT PAPERS
BY CH2M HILL PERSONNEL
"Capital and operating costs--AWT." With D. R. Evans.
Journal WPCF 44(1): 1-13.
JOHN W. FILBERT
Zero discharge and 100% water reuse. With C. Hamann.
Proceedings, Third Annual Pollution Engineering and
Environmental Exposition and Conference, May 1973,
New York.
Realities of reclamation plant construction, with C. L. '
Hamann, L. G. Suhr, and F. R. Day. Presented at 1977
annual meeting of the AWWA, Anaheim, California.
4-4
No POTABLE WATER REUSE PLANT
CLIENT: Board of Water Commissioners Denver, Colorado .
The City and County of Denver, although near abundant pure water in
the form of snowpack, is situated in .a semi -arid region of Colorado that
receives less than 15 inches per year average precipitation. Through the
acquisition of water rights on Colorado's western slope and the implemen-
tation of transmountain diversion systems, Denver has beneficially used
western slope waters in conjunction with available eastern slope sources.
As Denver's population has grown, so have the need and demand for
water and water supply facilities. Denver Water Department projections
indicate that this trend will continue, with .large amounts of additional
supply needed by the 1990's. One possible alternative for augmenting fu-
ture supply is successive use or reuse of water.
In anticipation of this shortage, the Denver Board of Water Commission-
ers embarked on a long-term program to evaluate the feasibility of direct
reuse of water. Initial steps taken include the design and construction of
a small test treatment facility, research at the University of Colorado
through the establishment of a cooperative program with its civil and en-
vironmental engineering departments, and application for and receipt of
research funds from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. After a
detailed investigation of qualified engineering consultants, CH2M HILL
was retained to augment the project team to investigate the direct reuse
of water.
ii
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ADSORPTION ST., SLLECTIVE
CARBON
ADSORPTION
DENVER WATER REUSE DEMONSTRATION PLANT PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
(over)
As a result of detailed planning, CH2M HILL developed the conceptual
predesign of a 1-mgd demonstration plant that will ultimately lead to the
construction of a full-scale (100-mgd) plant. This 1-mgd plant will demon-
strate the technical and economic feasibility, reliability, public acceptability,
safety, and health effects associated with a reuse facility designed to pro-
duce potable water equaling or exceeding the excellent quality of Denver's
water. This demonstration plant will be operated and the effluent tested
for up to 5 years prior to construction of the larger facility.
The prototype plant will treat secondary effluent from the Metropolitan
Denver Sewage Treatment Plant. The plant's process flow will include:
• Rapid mixing, flocculaton, sedimentation, and recarbonation
• Mixed media filtration
• Selective ion exchange for ammonia removal, with regenerant
ammonia removal and recovery
• Activated carbon adsorption and carbon regeneration
• Chemical oxidation with ozone
• Reverse osmosis for demineralization
• Disinfection
Throughout the life of the prototype plant, numerous water samples will
be drawn for intensive, sophisticated laboratory analysis.
CH2M HILL completed final design in the fall of 1980, construction began
early in 1981, and startup is expected early in 1983. The low bid for con-
struction of the plant was approximately $16.2 million, with a total program
cost expected to be approximately $29 million.
Denver Potable Water Reuse Demonstration Plant.
no KANAPAHA ADVANCED WASTEWATER
0o TREATMENT PLANT
CLIENT: Gainesville Regional Utilities
City of Gainesville, Florida
The 1971 10 -Year Wastewater Plan for the City of Gainesville by
CH2M HILL recommended construction of 7.0-mgd wastewater treatment
plant to serve rapidly growing suburban areas west of the City.
t -
Because the City lies within a 300 -square -mile area that has no surface
outflow, difficulties were encountered in locating the plant and determining
means for disposing of treatment plant effluent. All urban and agricultural
runoffs, as well as existing wastewater plant effluents in the area, are intro-
duced to the ground -water aquifer via small streams which flow into solution
cavities, or "sinkholes," that have formed in the shallow lime rock strata
characteristic of this area.
The Plan recommended locating the plant adjacent to Haile Sink and Lake
Kanapaha. This natural connection to the aquifer could prove economically
advantageous if incorporated into the plant's disposal plan.
Kanapaha Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant, Gainesville, Florida.
Disposal and treatment alternatives were developed. After careful evaluation
of environmental, economic, and logistical considerations with the
Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Environmental
Regulation, and the City, effluent disposal to gravity -fed, ground -water
recharge wells was selected as the best solution. Cost and geologic condi-
tions made effluent disposal by means such as spray irrigation and deep -well
disposal impractical. Discharge to the surface waters of Lake Kanapaha was
selected as the alternate disposal plan.
Recognizing that disposal to wells recharging a freshwater aquifer (and alter-
natively to a surface water) requires a high quality effluent, CH2M HILL
designed the Kanapaha Plant to include activated single -stage biological
nitrification; followed by deep -bed, downflow filtration for denitrification
(nitrogen removal), and by postaeration and chlorination. Alum can be
added to the aeration basin feed for phosphorus removal, which is needed
only when discharging to Lake Kanapaha.
The plant has been in full operation since January 1978 and has consistently
met all effluent requirements. The Kanapaha Plant is an impressive example
of efficient and innovative technology applied in response to unique
conditions.
®D WILLOW LAKE
®1 WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT
1
Y 4M1% Y
CLIENT: City of Salem, Oregon
M1
Th $18 5 'Ili n x nsi n ro'ect at Salem's Willow Lake
million
e .
o e pa o p 1
Wastewater Treatment Plant has been in operation since
December 1976. The new treatment system meets required
effluent standards even though the influent flow increases
abruptly during the two -month cahning.season. The popula-
tion equivalent increases from 100,000 to 800,000 as a result
of the foodprocessing waste discharges.
A high -purity oxygen activated sludge system was selected
as a result of CH2M HILL's major pilot plant study for the
City. This system is the key process in effectively treating
35 mgd of high -strength mixed canning and municipal wastes.
An existing trickling filter system operates in parallel with
the activated sludge system. Peak wet -weather capacity for
this plant is 105 mgd.
Waste sludges are anaerobically digested and stored.
During the dry -weather season, liquid digested sludge
commercially called "BIOGRO" is transported by truck and
spread on croplands.
f._.. r. '.Y'. 3ryry } I
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aa1•gL`'`S •� �a:L: .!1'� !. _ i/ i/ � ]1 . .2•y/J•� �i 1
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•■ TAHOE-TRUCKEE
■■ WATER RECLAMATION PLANT
CLIENT: Tahoe -Truckee Sanitation Agency
Truckee, California
The 4.8-mgd Tahoe -Truckee Water Reclamation Plant, sched-
uled for startup in late 1977, is part of the Tahoe -Truckee
Sanitation Agency's (TTSA) regional water reclamation project.
Advanced wastewater treatment at the plant will help protect
Lake Tahoe and the Truckee River by producing an effluent
of near -drinking -water quality.
The $19.2 -million Tahoe -Truckee Water Reclamation Plant,
now under construction along the scenic banks of -the Truckee
River, is designed to blend pleasingly with its natural sur-
roundings.
The treatment process consists of high -purity -oxygen activated
sludge secondary treatment followed by phosphorus removal
by lime coagulation, recarbonation, dual -media filtration,
activated carbon adsorption, and nitrogen removal by ion
exhange. Anaerobically-digested organic and lime sludges
will be dewatered and landfilled. Carbon will be recovered
and reused through regeneration in a multiple -hearth furnace
system. Carbon dioxide will be recovered from both the activated
sludge system and the digester gas boiler system for use
in the recarbonation process.
Through use of the Ammonia Removal and Recovery Process
(ARRP), valuable ammonium sulfate fertilizer will be a by-
product of nitrogen removal at the plant. This process, the
first closed -tyke ammonia -stripping process for ion exchange
media regeneration, was developed by CH2M HILL.
Another unique feature of the design is a combination piping,
electrical conduit, pedestrian, and light -vehicle corridor
that runs the full length of the plant. This corridor will
provide the operating staff with convenient access and pro-
tection during cold weather conditions. (Temperatures in
this area have been as low as -45°F.) It will also allow easy
access for maintenance and flexibility for future plant expansions.
Although the wastewater will be highly purified, regional
regulations prohibit its direct discharge to surface lakes
or streams. Thus, the plant effluent will be discharged to
an automated underground percolation system consisting of
80,000 lineal feet of perforated pipe. After discharge, the
effluent will join the natural ground waters and eventually
reach the Truckee River.
The TTSA comprises five districts that serve the North Lake
Tahoe and Truckee areas. Although only a small population
lives in the area permanently, a dramatic increase occurs
with the influx of seasonal residents and tourists. This
initial stage of the plant is designed to serve a population
equivalent of 54, 500 in the year 1985. It's peak capacity is
9 mgd. Plans call for doubling the plant's capacity by the
year 2020.
CH2M HILL has provided complete design and construction -
supervision services on the regional water reclamation plant
and the underground effluent disposal system. We are also
preparing an operation and maintenance manual and will
conduct an operator training program prior to plant startup.
on WASTEWATER RECLAMATION
r
CLIENT: Government of the U.S. Virgin Islands
St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands
Due to St. Croix's location, topography, and climatic conditions, it
lacks a sufficient supply of freshwater. Rainfall, although averaging
40 inches (100 cm) annually, is rapidly lost by evapotranspiration and
is unevenly distributed both geographically and seasonally. Complicating
this situation is the fact that the islands are subject to both flash floods
and long periods of drought.
Until 1968, most drinking water was collected in cisterns, which store
runoff from the roofs of houses, or obtained from some ground -water
development. Since 1968, numerous seawater desalination plants have
been constructed on the islands, and they now supply most of the public
potable water in the Territory. This water is expensive, costing $6
to $20 per 1,000 gallons ($1.50 to $5.25 per cubic meter), and the
plants often experience mechanical failures. CH2M HILL was retained
to explore wastewater reclamation as a means of increasing the available
ground water and protecting it against saltwater intrusion.
In order to offset the high cost of. desalinized seawater, a portion of
the domestic wastewater produced in St. Croix is processed in an advanced
wastewater treatment (AWT) plant designed by CH2M HILL and then
reused for a variety of purposes. These have included increasing
the ground -water supply through artificial ground -water recharge,
agricultural irrigation, and mariculture.
CH2M HILL designed this o.5-mgd
(1,630-ms/day) AWT pilot plant, whits is used to
reclaim wastewater for further beneficial uses.
The reclamation plant is located on St. Croix's
semi -arid south shore.
I
During the period 1971 through 1975, we performed hydrological investi-
gations, designed the AWT plant and artificial recharge areas, supervised
construction, and then operated the plant and recharge facilities for
over a year. Extensive data were gathered on various aspects of the
project, and local personnel were trained in facilities operation. In
1975, both the operation of the facility and the trained personnel were
transferred to the Virgin Islands Government, which is in charge of
operating the project.
One possible use of treated effluent from the
reclamation plant is for the irrigation of forage crops
for the Virgin Islands cattle industry.
U
1313 ROCK CREEK ADVANCED WASTEWATER -
0 1313 TREATMENT PLANT.:.
El
C` 4
CLIENT: Unified Sewerage Agency
Washington County, Oregon
At groundbreaking ceremonies for the Rock Creek plant, the
LIlate Burt Wilson Jr., then chairman of the board of the Unified
Sewerage Agency (USA) gave the principal address. He de-
scribed the plant by saying "... (it) is a real winner for the
a environment, and the way it is being designed and constructed
is a real victory over inflation."
By providing a high degree of wastewater purification, this
regional treatment plant will protect the environment and set
the stage for orderly growth in the 33,000 -acre Beaverton -Rock
Creek Basin. In addition, phased design and construction
methods are saving taxpayers more than $1.5 million.
The Rock Creek plant, a major part of USA's 10 -year master
plan for wastewater management in Washington County, will
treat a maximum flow of 45 mgd. Average design flow is 15
mgd. Secondary treatment is provided by the high -purity
oxygen activated sludge process. During the dry summer
months, secondary effluent is further treated by chemical
precipitation and mixed -media filtration.
Rock Creek advanced wastewater treatment plant.
I
Waste organic sludges are anaerobically digested and trans-
ported by truck for application to local agricultural lands.
During wet winter months, when land application is not possible,
waste sludges are dewatered in a filter press system and placed
in a sanitary landfill.
This is the first EPA -funded wastewater treatment plant designed
and built using construction management techniques. Under this
phased design and construction system, portions of the project
are built while other portions are still under design. Construc-
tion of the $20 million plant is scheduled for completion in
October 1977, more than 9 months earlier than possible with
the traditional design -bid -construct sequence.
CH2M HILL's Construction Management Services (CMS) group '
has comprehensive project responsibility, coordinating all
activities of contractors, suppliers, and the CH2M Hill design
team.
During the planning phase of this project, CH2M HILL assisted
the Agency in facilities planning, site selection, and predesign
studies. An environmental impact assessment and an infiltration/
inflow analysis were included in the facilities plan.
UPPER OCCOQUAN SEWAGE AUTHORITY
WASTEWATER RECLAMATION PLANT
CLIENT: Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority
'Fairfax County, Virginia
UOSA's 15.0-mgd Regional Wastewater
Reclamation Plant. CH2M HILL has.
provided complete services through the
planning, design, construction, operator
training, startup, and operations assis-
tance.
7
2
i
3
r
c
R
V
0
The Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority's (UOSA) $46 million
advanced wastewater treatment plant went into operation in
late June 1978, As a part of UOSA's overall Wastewater
Reclamation Project, the plant is designed for the specific
purpose of optimizing and conserving the area's total water
resource potential.
The plant is designed under the State of Virginia's "Occoquan
Policy" to process wastewater flows of up to 15.0 mgd.
Renovated wastewater, of near -drinking -water quality, is
stored in a 55 -acre polishing impoundment. After storage,
the water is released to Occoquan Reservoir, the source of
raw water for over 700,000 people in the northern Virginia
suburbs of Washington, D.C.
The purification process used at the UOSA Wastewater
Reclamation Plant includes activated sludge secondary treat-
ment, phosphorus removal by lime coagulation, two -stage
recarbonation, nitrogen removal by ion exchange, mixed -media
filtration, activated carbon adsorption, and breakpoint
chlorination. A central control system provides automatic
process control along with data acquisition and reporting.
Resource recovery and reuse are achieved by the use of ion
exchange media, regeneration of carbon, and organic solids
composting. The plant uses a closed -cycle ammonia stripping
and absorption process for regeneration of the ion exchange
system regenerate solution. The Ammonia Removal and
Recovery Process, developed by CH2M HILL, recovers 40%
ammonium sulfate for resale as an agricultural fertilizer.
7
I
A composting system converts waste organic solids to a t
stable organic soil conditioner suitable for recreational land
rehabilitation or other agricultural uses.
This project also includes the installation of 150,000 feet of
interceptor sewers and force mains as well as six pump
stations to deliver wastewater to the plant. CH2M HILL has
provided all project engineering services through the planning,
design, construction, startup, and operation of all project
components. Total project cost is $83 million.
Advanced wastewater treatment
facilities. Renovated wastewater, of
near -drinking -water quality, is stored
in a 55 -acre polishing impoundment
adjacent to the plant.
Filter gallery
Chemical clarifier_ F�
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Liquid process control center.
®■ MONTGOMERY COUNTY REGIONAL
®� ADVANCED WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT
CLIENT: Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission
Hyattsville, Maryland
Design work on the Montgomery County (Maryland) Regional
Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant, one of the most complex
in the world, was completed in 1975. It was designed to
play a major role in solving the wastewater treatment and
water supply crisis faced by this suburban Maryland area
near Washington, D.C.
Montgomery County Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant.
Final design was preceded by a detailed site selection study,
an in-depth pipeline and pump station route selection study
for the interconnecting sewers and force mains, and a predesign
report fully describing all aspects of the proposed plant.
The estimated construction cost of the plant is more than $200
million. It is designed to provide up to 90 mgd of renovated
wastewater of near drinking -water quality. The plant's peak
hydraulic capacity is more than 130 mgd.
The design provides for oxygen -activated sludge secondary
treatment followed by phosphorus removal with lime coagulation,
two -stage recarbonation, mixed -media filtration, nitrogen
removal by breakpoint chlorination, and activated carbon
adsorption.
The plant also features onsite cryogenic oxygen and sodium
hypochlorite (chlorine) generation, lime recalcination, recovery
and reuse of hydrogen gas and the gas resulting from anaerobic
digestion, and carbon regeneration. A computer -based system
provides complete process control and data acquisition.
Organic sludge can be burned in the boilers of an adjacent
power plant owned by the Potomac Electric Power Company
(PEPCO) . Additional plans under consideration call for using
the sludge to reclaim strip-mined lands or as a fertilizer.
The innovative and unique aspects of the plant's various solids
handling systems led to the use of a scale model as a tool
in designing the solids processing building.
So ids prncessin'.I bu'IJin l
Scale mnolel nl the 50' icli
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The design calls for storing the plant's highly purified efflti°nt
in a 100 -acre recreational reservoir. PEPCO would reuse
some of the water in its cooling system. Ultimately, effluent
from the plant would be returned to the Potomac River to become
a usable portion of the area's raw water supply.
CH2M HILL has provided complete planning and engineering
services to the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission
on this project, from preliminary studies through final design
®®MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL
WASTEWATER' TREATMENT•
CH2M HILL's services in the field of wastewater treatment range from
project development through project design to postconstruction services.
Computer modeling techniques can be applied to specific water quality
and wastewater problems via a terminal linked to our computer network.
During planning and project development, local goals and desires, financing
methods, environmental and social effects, and long-range plans are taken
into consideration. The steps leading to a cost-effective, municipal waste-
water treatment system can include 201 and 208 planning as mandated
by Public Law 92-500, water quality studies on receiving waters, bench -
and pilot -scale treatability studies, environmental assessments, and computer
simulation. CH2M HILL has a demonstrated capability in all of these areas.
Municipalities are required to follow the EPA 201 planning process to
qualify for 75% federal funding for the construction of wastewater treat-
ment facilities. The 201 plan is a sophisticated master plan which is carried
out in three distinct stages: Step 1, preparation of a facilities plan; Step 2,
preparation of plans and specifications for recommended and approved
wastewater treatment facilities; and Step 3, plant construction and startup,
and preparation of an operation and maintenance manual. Our engineers
have prepared state- and EPA -approved 201 facilities plans for both large and
small municipalities. We have prepared numerous plans and specifications
under Step 2 grants. In addition, as part of Step 3 grants, we have provided
construction supervision and startup reviews and have prepared state- and
EPA -approved O&M manuals.
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CH2M HILL has the technical expertise and project management skills to
design cost-effective wastewater treatment systems. Our engineers are
experienced in the design of collector sewer systems, including lift and
master pumping stations; the design and operation of secondary treatment
facilities (trickling filters, activated sludge, and rotating biological surfaces);
and the design and operation of advanced wastewater treatment systems,
including filtration, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and land application.
We have also designed sludge handling and disposal systems ranging from
drying beds to a pelletizing system which generates a fertilizer product
suitable for soil conditioning.
Whereas municipal wastes generate a reasonably predictable and well-defined
set of end products, industrial wastes cover a broader range of pollutants. As
a result of having served hundreds of industrial clients, CH2M HILL has
acquired a sound foundation in industrial waste treatment. Client services
offered include preliminary planning, wastewater characterizations, source
control, treatability studies (bench- and pilot -scale), alternative analyses,
conceptual designs, capital and operating cost estimation, preparation of
engineering plans and specifications, construction management services,
startup services, and preparation of O&M manuals.
o®I.RRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGN
Since the first irrigation canals were dug, man has conveyed water to allow
agricultural use of lands that would otherwise lay barren for want of moisture.
The aim has been to free the farmer from his dependence on the hydrological
cycle by providing him with the water he needs, when he needs it. Increased
agricultural production is the promised reward. Irrigation systems, however,
must be a part of overall water resource management.
CH2M HILL has provided complete planning, design, construction supervision,
and operator training services on irrigation system projects of all types and
sizes throughout the country. Our agricultural engineers direct a multi-
discipline team of experts with years of experience in irrigation system design.
Our specialists include agricultural scientists, geotechnical engineers, and
hydrologists. CH2M HILL complete surveying and photogrammetric services,
modern DEC system 10 computer facilities, and specialized infiltration equip-
ment provide key design support.
Our clients' projects have ranged
from the rehabilitation
and
expansion of
existing. irrigation systems to the
installation of entirely
new
systems.
Our canal design capabilities include hydraulic and structural engineering,
seepage analysis, and slope stability analysis. We have also provided design
services for various types of penstocks, distribution systems, farm turnouts,
sprinkler systems, pump stations, storage facilities, and instrumentation and
control systems. -
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For the Shasta View. Irrigation District,
one of 85 metered farm turnouts, designed
to deliver 65 gpm/acre at 65 psi min. for
irrigation and 45 gpm/acre at 45 psi for
frost protection.
Booster pump station designed to increase
the pressure for the higher ground in the '
Shasta View Irrigation District's new
sprinkler pressure distribution system.
Our clients' storage facilities have provided full or peaking supply through
on -channel, off -channel, open, and closed storage. Control system designs
have included automatic, telemetry, and remote instrumentation.
In addition, CH2M HILL provides complete design services on drainage projects
for both large irrigation districts and individual farms. Investigations of soil
profile, permeability, and water quality are included.
For the Shasta View Irrigation District in Oregon, we designed the conversion
of an old canal system to a completely pressurized underground pipe system.
A total of 17 miles of pipe mains and laterals, a 3,400 -hp main pump station,
and a 1, 245 -hp booster pump station were installed. The system is equipped
with a traveling water screen to prevent sprinkler plugging by algae.
For the Glenn-Colusa Irrigation District in California, CH2M HILL's design
provided for the installation of four radial gate checks and the enlargement of
five siphons on the District's main supply canal. We provided both design
and construction management services on this project.
As consultants to the Central Nebraska Public Power and Irrigation District,
one of our first tasks was inventorying the existing irrigation facilities. The
immediate problem was assuring the farmer an adequate, consistent supply
of water. Presently, his water supply is inadequate and is supplied on a
fixed rotation schedule. CH2M HILL's design, which includes 22 miles of
canal enlargement, a 40,000 -acre-foot peaking reservoir, and a pump station
to fill the reservoir, allows the District to serve the farmers on a demand
rather than a rotational basis.
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New radial gate check is part of the first
phase of a $ .) nvllrnn system rehabilil,aron
program Inr the (.Icon ( Musa Irnrtahon
D, tact in C.I.Iairlra CH2M HILL scrv¢ es
included a sy�torn r nventnry, 1 master Ain
far o5 mIIe of rn,lm c IIIdI. dev'ln .t Ihn
first prhast te, ilitr. s. a walvr morninrrnq
program Iur yualily (antral. and .r PL 984
loan appl ic.l inn, ty.rrl :n ClrrJhr.t.'.Ias0.r
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■® IRRIGATION PROJECTS
CENTRAL NEBRASKA PUBLIC POWER
& IRRIGATION DISTRICT
HOLDREGE, NEBRASKA
Planning and construction management services for total
rehabilitation of the 65,000 -acre E65 irrigation system
financed under the Small Reclamation Projects Act
(P.L. 984). The principal features include canal enlarge-
ment, lining, and control structures; a 100 -foot, 40,000 -
acre -foot dam and reservoir located off canal for pumped
storage peaking purposes;•canal lining and pipeline replace-
ments for the distribution system.
System inventory and development of a master plan for
the 70,000 -acre Phelps canal system leading to total rehabil-
itation of the system to accommodate full irrigation and
peaking services to the area.
HAWAIIAN AGRONOMICS
HONOLULU, HAWAII
A feasibility study for the development of a 6,000 -acre
rice production and processing project at Ghana, Africa.
Project was a joint venture with Hawaiian Agronomics and
Kaiser Engineers.
Preliminary study for site selection of a 5,000- to
10,000 -acre rice production and processing project for the
Aiella Development Company in the Philippines.
CAMCO AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS, LTD.
LETHBRIDGE, ALBERTA, CANADA
Orthophotomapping, soils testing, land classification, irri-
gation suitability map, conceptual design, and master plan
fort sprinkler irrigation development of approximately
1,000 acres near Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Project plan
included solid set and center pivot sprinkler systems,
pipeline distribution system, and river pump station.
Report completed January 1975.
Soils testing, land classification, irrigation suitability,
conceptual design, and master plan for irrigation and dry -
farmed development of 6,000 acres near Brooks, Alberta,
Canada. Project plan included pipeline, center pivot irri-
gation, drainage, and pumping facilities.
NORTH UNIT IRRIGATION DISTRICT
MADRAS, OREGON
Design of a control check for the main canal.
In 1969, design and construction of the Crooked River
pump station to pump 200 second -feet against a total
dynamic head of 150 feet with a total installation of 4,500 hp.
Total project cost was $800,00O.
1-R
IRRIGATION PROJECTS
I
GLENN-COLUSA IRRIGATION DISTRICT
WILLOWS, CALIFORNIA
System inventory and development of a master plan for
65 miles of main canal, design and construction management
services for $1.2 million worth of canal structure improvement
as the first phase of a $30 million system rehabilitation
program. Major facilities will be financed under a Small
Reclamation Projects Act (P.L. 983) loan and distribution
system improvements are an ongoing, but accelerated replace-
ment program. The principal structures include replacement
of the District's 3,000 -cubic -feet -per -second pump station
and the main canal enlargements and control structures.
TUMALO IRRIGATION DISTRICT
BEND, OREGON
Feasibility report, design, and construction engineering
for flume replacement project financed under the Rehabilitation
and Betterment Act. Project consists of replacing 14,000 linear
feet of wooden flume with 72 -inch and 54 -inch reinforced
concrete pipe, tunnel work, and rehabilitation and distribution
system using canal lining. Facility serves 7,500 acres of
irrigated land. Total project cost of $3.5 million.
SHASTA VIEW IRRIGATION DISTRICT
MALIN, OREGON
Feasibility report, design, and construction engineering
services to replace the 4,300 -acre open ditch system with
a full sprinkler pressure, closed pipeline system to provide
peak irrigation requirements and frost protection require-
ments for 87 water users. Project consisted of main pump
station with special screens, automated booster station,
7 miles of pressure line (from 4 to 39 inches in diameter),
53 -act -e --foot storage reservoir, and related facilities.
Total project cost was $3.2 million.
CENTRAL OREGON IRRIGATION DISTRICT
REDMOND, OREGON
Report, design, and construction engineering services
financed under the Small Reclamation Projects Act (P.L. 984)
to replace a wooden flume with approximately 1 mile of
120 -inch -diameter, thin -wall pressure pipe siphon on 700 -cubic
feet capacity. Project includes river diversion works,
fish diversion facility, and automatically controlled system
for discharges. Total project cost of $3.2 million.
TRUCKEE-CARSON IRRIGATION DISTRICT
FALLON, NEVADA
Detailed field and office investigation to determine the
water utilization within the district and irrigation efficiencies
of the system which services 76,000 acres. A second
phase is to develop a total system rehabilitation plan to
accomplish operational objectives optimizing use of available
water supply.
2-8
IRRIGATION PROJECTS
BYRON-BETHANY IRRIGATION DISTRICT
BYRON, CALIFORNIA
Feasibility report, design, and construction engineering
services for the replacement and improvement to the
District's irrigation system and the addition of a project
tile drainage system. under the Small Reclamation Projects
Act program (P.L. 984). Project included four large auto-
matically controlled pump stations, canal lining, pipelines,
control structures, and approximately 21 miles of large
deep tile drainage. Total project cost was $2.5 million.
LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT
LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
Preliminary designs for evapotranspiration of exported
effluent from municipal and industrial waste treatment
plants to protect the water resource of the Las Vegas
Wash and Colorado River basins.
THE BOEING COMPANY
SEATTLE, WASHINGTON
Design and construction for the irrigation of 1 ,800 acres
at Boardman, Oregon, as the $1.3 million first phase of a
10 -year, $54 million land development program for 100,000
arid acres. The .overall study, completed within a tight
deadline of 90 days, included soils classification, mapping,
cropping, water requirements, water pumping and delivery
systems, and a major storage reservoir. An important
aspect of the plan is the joint use of the reservoir for
irrigation storage and for nuclear power plant cooling.
U.S. ARMY
CORPS .OFENGINEERS
SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA
The Fort Ord project initially consisted of conceptually
designing a feasible land treatment system for effluent
from the Fort Ord secondary treatment plant. The study
included thorough hydrogeological, soils, and irrigation
system investigations. High rate irrigation treatment
systems for 840 acres of land and a combination of solid
set sprinklers and center pivots to utilize up to 4.25 mgd
of effluent were designed. A complete groundwater, soils,
and plant monitoring program and a management plan for
the operation and monitoring of the. system, including
alternate cropping patterns and methods of management,
were included in the design.
NORTH GILLIAM COUNTY
OREGON
Feasibility study on the irrigation of 20,000 to 30,000 acres
in north Gilliam County with water pumped from the
Columbia River.
3-a
IRRIGATION PROJECTS
NORTH SHERMAN COUNTY
OREGON
Study of high -head pumping project taking water from the
Columbia River to irrigate 47,000 acres. '
CITY OF YAKIMA
YAKIMA, WASHINGTON
Study, design, and supervision of construction for a sprinkler
irrigation system that disposes of 4 mgd of cannery wastes.
WENATCHEE-BEEBE ORCHARD COMPANY
CHELAN, WASHINGTON
Design and supervision of construction of a 24 -inch irrigation
supply main crossing the Columbia River on a Washington ,
State Highway bridge at Chelan Falls, Washington.
WHATCOM COUNTY PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT NO 1
BELLINGHAM, WASHINGTON
Design and supervision of construction of a river intake,
treatment facilities for 16 mgd, and over 6 miles of 24 -inch
pressure main to provide process water to Intalco Aluminum
Company and irrigation water to 17 farms.
INTERMOUNTAIN GAS COMPANY
BOISE, IDAHO
Study and evaluation of gas -powered pumping facilities,
penstocks, canals, sprinkler pipelines, and flow measurement
facilities for the South Elmore Irrigation Company. I
GRANT COUNTY PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT
EPHRATA, WAHINGTON '
Study of potential multiple land use development of a portion
of the AEC -controlled zone on the Hanford Project. Uses -
considered included irrigation, power development, and ,
wildlife enhancement.
WEISER IRRIGATION DISTRICT
WEISER, IDAHO
Study, design, and supervision of reconstruction of Mann
Creek Siphon, a concrete structure with a capacity of
240 cfs and with emergency overflow and discharge gates
above the siphon.
SOUTH TAHOE PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT
TAHOE, CALIFORNIA
Water reclaimed from sewage effluent at the advanced waste
treatment plant is stored in Indian Creek Reservoir, a
3,100 -acre-foot reservoir for recreation and irrigation.
The main darn is 85 feet high; the saddle dam 28 feet.
The water from Indian Creek Reservoir is conveyed by
5 miles of canal for agricultural use in Diamond Valley.
IRRIGATION PROJECTS
YOLO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL AND
WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT
WOODLAND, CALIFORNIA
Planning design and construction of the Indian Valley
Dam, a water storage project involving fish and wildlife,
flood control, irrigation, and municipal and industrial water.
The project cost $14.2 million, of which $2.1 million was a
loan and $4.4 million was a grant. The earth- and rockfill
dam is 225 feet high impounding 300,000 acre-feet of water.
Supplemental water is provided to a 175,000 -acre agricultural
area.
Planning and design of the Capay-Lamb Valley Water Project
main canal. Facilities include 27 miles of unlined canal
ranging in size from 250 cfs to 75 cfs with 30 siphons and
120 cross drainage culverts.
YAKIMA-TIETON IRRIGATION DISTRICT
YAKIMA, WASHINGTON
Reconnaissance report and design study of an all -pressure
irrigation system to replace inefficient open -ditch system
serving 22,300 -acre district. The study is in support of
a U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Rehabilitation and Betterment
loan for $40 million. The gravity pressure system will
replace on -farm sprinkler pumps, produce hydropower
with excess pressure, reduce water losses, and save fuel
burned for frost protection.
OKANOGAN IRRIGATION DISTRICT
OKANOGAN, WASHINGTON
Design and construction management services for drought
emergency.; project at Shell Rock Point. Involved replacement
of the existing pump station with a new 25 -cubic -foot -per -
second station and included 10,000 feet of 30 -inch transmission
pipeline, 6,000 feet of distribution main, and traveling
screens at the pump station to. prevent fish from entering
the intake. This was a "fast -track" project starting in
October 1977 and completed before the 1978 irrigation season.
SUNNYSIDE VALLEY IRRIGATION DISTRICT
SUNNYSIDE, WASHINGTON
Reconnaissance study for rehabilitation of entire 79,000 -acre
system in preparation for a U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
Rehabilitation and Betterment Report. Proposed, improvements
include modifications to the diversion dam and headworks,
modernization of the check structures, telemetry control,
wasteway improvements, and concrete lining of part of
canal and branches. Also proposed is the replacement of
the wood stave Mabton and Benton siphons and replacement
of two wooden flumes with concrete siphons.
IRRIGATION PROJECTS
OUTLOOK IRRIGATION DISTRICT
OUTLOOK, WASHINGTON
Reconnaissance study of existing system in preparation
for a U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Rehabilitation and Better-
ment Report. Considerations include the addition of an
electric pump and replacement of existing 1 -mile -long exposed
wood stave pipeline with buried pipeline of increased capacity
Also under study are replacement of delivery boxes, relining
the west branch canal, and increasing its capacity.
ROZA IRRIGATION DISTRICT
SUNNYSIDE, WASHINGTON
Feasibility report and conceptual design preparation for
gravity pressurized transmission and distribution system.
The existing open channel delivery system and on -farm
pumping would be replaced by a pressurized system in
areas that serve approximately 5,000 acres.
DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY
OLYMPIA, WASHINGTON
Water quality study of Yakima River Basin, Washington.
The study identified all basin irrigation systems and their
interrelationships. Facilities cataloged and described included
all major canals, laterals, wasteways, and drains. The
study also determined the pollutional contribution of point
and nonpoint sources, alternative methods of reducing or
eliminating the wastes contributed by these sources, institu-
tional constraints on applying the NPDES Permit program
to management of return flows, and methods of applying
the NPDES Permit program to feedlot and irrigation return
flows to improve in -stream water quality.
Study of Yakima River reregulating storage. CH2M HILL
is assessing the feasibility of providing off -stream storage
in the Yakima River Basin. The purpose of the storage
facility will be to reduce streamflow fluctuations near the
points of delivery, thus conserving water for both irrigation
and fisheries during low-water years.
PRINCETON-CODORA-GLENN IRRIGATION DISTRICT
PRINCETON, CALIFORNIA
Reviewed plans and specifications prepared by the State
of California Department of Transportation for relocation
of the District's facilities required for the realignment of
State Route 45. The project requires relocation of approxi-
mately 4,000 feet of existing canal and the construction of
new checks, turnouts, and related structures.
IRRIGATION PROJECTS
.
YUBA COUNTY WATER AGENCY
MARYSVILLE, CALIFORNIA
Studies for the agency have included a water resource
and needs investigation for the county, an inventory of
water rights in the Yuba River Basin, an operational anal-
ysis of existing reservoirs and powerplants to determine
shortage criteria for future water contracts, and a feasibility
investigation of alternative conveyance facilities and routes
to deliver water to the south county area for irrigation,
domestic, and industrial uses. The proposed 27 -mile main
canal would be concrete lined and have capabilities ranging
from 500 cts to 100 cfs.
BANTA-CARBONA IRRIGATION DISTRICT
TRACY, CALIFORNIA
Preliminary planning and preparation of a P.L. 984 loan
application report for system rehabilitation. Elements of
the project include stabilization of side slopes on 12,000
feet of the District's pump life canal. Rehabilitation is
also proposed involving 50 -year -old pump stations with 27
pumps.
BUTTER CREEK IRRIGATION ASSOCIATION
UMATILLA COUNTY, OREGON
Study of water diversion and storage for irrigation of
18,000 acres. Diversion dam, pump station., canal, storage
reservoir, tunnel, and channel improvements.
TOULUMNE COUNTY WATER DISTRICT NO. 2
SONORA, CALIFORNIA
' Planning, design, and construction engineering services
for pipeline delivery system to serve up to 1,500 acres
with secondary treatment plant effluent. Delivery is to
I individual ranchers for irrigation of 1 -acre to 300 -acre
parcels. Facilities include 9 miles of 8 -inch to 24 -inch
asbestos cement transmission pipeline with remotely con-
trolled solenoid turnout valves and a 100 -foot -high dam
I. forming an 1,800 -acre-foot reservoir for winter storage.
•KENNEWICK IRRIGATION DISTRICT
I. KENNEWICK, WASHINGTON
Feasibility study, conceptual design, design and construc-
tion. engineering for replacement of 20,000 feet of lateral
canals with a fully pressurized pipeline system. The
'
project included a 4,800 gpm automated pump station and
20,000 feet of distribution pipeline ranging from 3- to
16 -inch to. serve a suburban portion of the district.
a 7-2
IRRIGATION PROJECTS
LANDES BROTHERS
LOOKOUT, CALIFORNIA
Feasibility study and conceptual design of an irrigation
system for development of 1,000 acres of alfalfa on the
2,600 -acre farming operation. The overall project included
a detailed soils investigation to determine the soils suitability
for alfalfa production, recommendations of land development
procedures, and conceptual management plan for development
and irrigation of 1,000 acres of alfalfa. Design and specifica-
tions were prepared for 22 side -roll laterals averaging
about one -quarter mile each, buried main line, and two
deep well pumps. A ground -water investigation was com-
pleted to estimate the dependability of the water supply
in this high elevation mountain valley.
®v LAND APPLICATION OF
INDUSTRIAL WASTES
Industry pioneered treatment of high strength wastes by land appli-
cation. Land application is often the most cost-effective method for
waste treatment, and with proper design and management, it can
provide environmental controls superior to other treatment methods.
CH2M HILL has extensive experience in the planning, design, and
implementation of systems to treat industrial wastes by land application.
Our process, wastewater treatment, irrigation and drainage engineers,
and our agriculturalists and soil scientists offer the comprehensive
skills and experience necessary to evaluate and design total land
application systems for a wide variety of industries, including:
Food Processing --We have planned and designed surface and
sprinkler wastewater irrigation systems for potato processing
plants in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Michigan, Wisconsin
and Maine --some for year-round irrigation. Other projects
include land application of the wastewater and sludge from
vegetable, grain, tomato, peach, corn, and raisin processing
plants in Oregon, Washington, California, Texas, and Ohio.
Chemical Production--CH2M HILL projects have included
sprinkler irrigation for process wastewater from resin,
fertilizer, and starch production plants,
Forest Products --Several wastewater and sludge irrigation
systems designed by CH2M HILL are presently in operation,
including land application and monitoring facilities for a
bleached kraft paper mill, a hardboard mill, and a blowdown
stream from a hydraulic barker recycle system.
Textiles--CH2M HILL has designed sprinkler irrigation
-,syistems for waste activated sludge from woolen mills.
In addition to many successful plans and designs, CH2M HILL, with
the Food Processors Institute and the National Canners Association,
prepared a state-of-the-art report and conducted EPA Technology
Transfer sessions on wastewater treatment including land application
for the food processing industry.
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The Simpson Paper Company mill
at Anderson. California produces
reclaimed water for irrigation of
650 acres of cropland. Here the
fully automated flood irrigation
system applies wastewater to the
crop.
®i LAND APPLICATION OF
INDUSTRIAL WASTES
Industry pioneered treatment of high strength wastes by land appli-
cation. Land application is often the most cost-effective method for
waste treatment, and with. proper design and management, it can
provide environmental controls superior to other treatment methods.
CH2M HILL has extensive experience in the planning, design, and
implementation of systems to treat industrial wastes by land application.
Our process, wastewater treatment, irrigation and drainage engineers,
and our agriculturalists and soil scientists offer the comprehensive
skills and experience necessary to evaluate and design total land
application systems for a wide variety of industries, including:
Food Processing --We have planned and designed surface and
sprinkler wastewater irrigation systems for potato processing
plants in Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Michigan, Wisconsin
and Maine --some for year-round irrigation. Other projects
include land application of the wastewater and sludge from
vegetable, grain, tomato, peach, corn, and raisin processing
plants in Oregon, Washington, California, Texas, and Ohio.
■ Chemical Production--CH2M HILL projects have included
sprinkler irrigation for process wastewater from resin,
fertilizer, and starch production plants.
Forest Products --Several wastewater and sludge irrigation
systems designed by CH2M HILL are presently in operation,
including land application and monitoring facilities for a
bleached kraft paper mill, a hardboard mill, and a blowdown
stream from a hydraulic barker recycle system.
■ Textiles--CH2M HILL has designed sprinkler irrigation
F I systems for waste activated sludge from woolen mills.
In addition to many successful plans and designs, CH2M HILL, with
the Food Processors Institute and the National Canners Association,
prepared a state-of-the-art report and conducted EPA Technology
Transfer sessions on wastewater treatment including land application
for the food processing industry.
2
C
R
E
V
1
0
8
1
The Simpson Paper Company mill
at Anderson, California produces
reclaimed water for irrigation of
650 acres of cropland. Here the
fully automated flood irrigation
system applies wastewater to the
crop.
INDUSTRIAL WASTE LAND APPLICATION PROJECTS
FOREST PRODUCTS
SIMPSON PAPER COMPANY
ANDERSON, CALIFORNIA
Design of an automated, high -rate surface irrigation sys-
tem for treatment of a 7-mgd wastewater flow. Operation
and management plans were developed which describe crop-
ping methods, and irrigation and drainage system opera-
tion. An extensive ground -water monitoring system was
designed and installed. The land application site included
740 acres of cash crops. The system has been in opera-
tion since 1976.
MASONITE CORPORATION
UKIAH, CALIFORNIA
A design for wastewater disposal using a. combination of
irrigation, seasonal discharge to the river, and recycling
within a hardwood mill. The irrigation system design
consisted of modifying an existing 20 -acre system and
increasing it to a total of 35 acres for a capacity of
17 million gallons per month.
SIMPSON TIMBER COMPANY
KORBEL, CALIFORNIA
Study and design of spray irrigation disposal for the blow -
down stream from a hydraulic barker recycle system.
FOREST FIBER PRODUCTS COMPANY
FOREST GROVE, OREGON
Study and design of an activated sludge plant to replace
a spray irrigation system. The spray irrigation system is
now used for, disposal -of waste -activated sludge.
INTERIOR ENGINEERING SERVICE
KELOWNA, BRITISH COLUMBIA
A study and. recommendation of spray irrigation for ply-
wood processing waste disposal.
JOINT MUNICIPAL/INDUSTRIAL
CITY OF TURLOCK
TURLOCK, CALIFORNIA
An investigation of soils, ground water, land use, and
land ownership in a 280 -square -mile area to select sites
suitable for further study of land application of treated
municipal and'cannery wastewater. Preliminary designs
and cost estimates were then developed for a 5,000 -acre
site to apply the total flow (12 mgd) and a 1,600 -acre site
to apply just the seasonal cannery wastewater flow
5=7
INDUSTRIAL WASTE LAND APPLICATION PROJECTS
(6 mgd). In -plant treatment was determined to be more
cost-effective than land application.
LEAD -DEADWOOD SANITARY DISTRICT NO. 1
DEADWOOD, SOUTH DAKOTA
A land treatment system study for disposal of domestic
and mining wastewater. The study, including a land
application plan and environmental assessment, was devel-
oped as part of a 201 facilities plan.
CITY OF YAKIMA
YAKIMA, WASHINGTON
Planning and design of a 120 -sprinkler irrigation system
for a 4-mgd flow of food processing wastewater. This
system has been in operation since 1965.
CITY OF PROSSER
PROSSER, WASHINGTON
Study and preliminary design of a separate irrigation sys-
tem for the disposal of potato wastewaters.
CITY OF MERCED
MERCED, CALIFORNIA
Study, design, and construction management of a 1,000 -
acre surface irrigation system for land application of to-
mato processing wastewater. The application area consists
of 580 acres of cropland and 420 acres of wildlife habitat.
CITY OF ELLENSBURG
ELLENSBURG, WASHINGTON
Study and design of a spray irrigation system for the
disposal of waste from a major corn cannery.
CITY OF FOREST GROVE
FOREST GROVE, OREGON
Study and design of a spray irrigation system for disposal
of combined domestic sewage and wastewaters from fruit
processing and corn wastes. The original spray irrigation
system was installed in 1949.
CITY OF CORVALLIS
CORVALLIS, OREGON
A study and recommendation of spray irrigation for dis-
posal of food processing waste to relieve peak loads from
the municipal system.
INDUSTRIAL WASTE LAND APPLICATION PROJECTS
CITY OF CALDWELL
CALDWELL, IDAHO
A study, including a spray irrigation alternative, for the
disposal of domestic and industrial wastes from milk prod-
ucts, meat packing, and poultry processing.
ii hiss
PENDLETON WOOLEN MILLS
WASHOUGAL, WASHINGTON
Study of alternative waste biological solids disposal meth-
ods and design of a sprinkler irrigation disposal system.
7-7
®s SERVICES DURING
CONSTRUCTION
CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION
t CH2M HILL's project management personnel act as the owner's project
representatives to ensure that all elements of a contract are managed
■_ in such a way as to protect his interests.
LIAISON
Effective communication among the many agencies associated with the
project is a vital component of the project. The project manager acts
as a catalyst to ensure that all parties involved in project decision -
making are working together on an informed basis.
INTERPRETATION OF PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS
The project manager provides interpretation of al I contract documents.
PURCHASING OF OWNER -FURNISHED EQUIPMENT
Our project management can include vendor identification and equipment
contract bidding prior to finishing the detailed design and/or selecting
a construction contractor. This procedure is often used to minimize
construction delays on projects with long -delivery equipment items.
EXPEDITING OF EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS
The equipment procurement function does not end with contract award.
The project staff works closely with the contractor to assure timely
delivery of materials and equipment.
I
_ Foreground shows reinforcing steel for foun-
dation of chemical contact unit. Background
shows structural steel and chemical storage
tanks for the chemical building at the
Murphree Water Treatment Plant in Gainesville,
COORDINATION OF SUBMITTALS AND SHOP DRAWINGS
The project manager/resident engineer coordirates the submission, review,
and document control of all submittals require: for the completion of a
project. Although the designer maintains resuonsibility for technical
review of such submittals, the project manager ensures that reviews are
performed in a timely manner.
PAYMENT AND CHANGE ORDERS
The project manager/resident engineer coordinates the issuance of all
required change orders, determines the v due of the changes in the work,
and negotiates contractor fees. Each morrh, the resident engineer, in
cooperation with the contractors, determines the value of the work
accomplished during the previous pay period; he then processes the payment
requests and prepares a recommendation for payment. The completed
package is approved by the project mar iger and then submitted to the
owner for current payment action.
MATERIALS TESTING COORDINATION
The project manager/resident engineer coordinates the work of laboratories
in the inspection and testing of materials used in the construction. Reports
of such laboratories are received and evaluated.
ADMINISTRATION OF RESIDENT INSPECTION ACTIVITIES
CH2M HILL maintains a staff of tra ned and experienced inspectors. Our
resident inspectors work with the owner, project manager, project -design
team, and contractors to ensure c )mpliance of the work with the contract
specifications. The project manager makes periodic visits to the project
site to observe the progress and quality of the work.
ASSISTING IN FINAL INSPECTION
Upon completion of the construction work, the project manager, the resident
inspectors, and the design team, in cooperation with the owner, verify that
all components of the work have been completed in accordance with the terms
of the contract documents. Our project manager ensures that this insn tion
has been done, and further ensures that all deficient items are corrected
prior to processing final payment to the contractor.
I® LAND GRADING SERVICES
CH2M HILL offers services in all phases of land grading, including feasibility
studies, soils investigations, surveying, design, and construction inspection.
A staff that includes agricultural engineers, a landscape architect, soil scien-
tists, agricultural scientists, surveyors, and agricultural economists provides
a wide range of expertise for land grading projects. Our extenstive experience
in irrigation system design is of particular value since land grading design
must coincide with border or furrow irrigation system design.
In addition to general consulting, CH2M HILL offers a land grading computing
service to farmers, consultants, and government agencies who desire to do
their own field and design work but want to utilize our sophisticated method
of computation. A computer program that offers many advantages over conven-
tional hand calculations is used to make the computations. The program is
highly accurate and provides flexibility that allows selection of the most de-
sirable
design. Uses of the program, other than for agriculture, include ath-
letic fields, parks, and municipal and industrial plant site work.
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Land grading in progress.
The main features of the computer program are:
.N Basic input is data describing the topography of the area to be graded.
This may be from a field survey or, for preliminary work, by digiti-
zation either from existing maps or during the initial mapping process.
Acceptable grid intervals are 200, 100, 50, 10, and 2 feet.
■ Any number of
fields can be defined within
the area to be graded.
Irregular field
shapes and
portions of grid
squares adjacent to field
boundaries are
accurately
accounted for.
■ For each field a plane can be computed that is either the "best fit" or
that meets specified constraints. Constraints that may be varied are
irrigation slope, cross slope, cut/fill ratio, waste, and borrow.
■ Preliminary output summaries show total cut, slopes, and other para-
meters from which the designer may decide to either proceed with
final output or to change constraints or field boundaries and run the
analysis again.
■ Final output includes either data in a printed field note format or a
plotted map showing field boundaries and the grading data at grid
intersections.
The cost of the computing service alone is generally between $1 .00 to $3.00
per acre. Costs are dependent on the type of output desired, size of fields,
and the number of alternative designs considered. The cost of other land
oradinq services varies with the scope of work and must be estimated on an
•• LAND APPLICATION OF LIQUID AND SOLID WASTES
MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER PROJECTS
U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
FORT ORD, CALIFORNIA•
Deep -well injection and irrigation were evaluated as poten-
tial methods for disposal of 4.25 mgd of secondary treated
domestic sewage effluent. Irrigation of 830 acres of crop-
land, golf courses, and main gate landscaped area was
selected after evaluation of soil suitability, crop character-
istics, application rates, and receiving water impacts.
Modifications to existing irrigation systems and new systems
were designed by CH2M HILL. A comprehensive monitoring
program, a site management plan, and crop marketing were
also developed.
TAHOE-TRUCKEE SANITATION AGENCY
TRUCKEE, CALIFORNIA
Ground -water, geology, and soils investigations were per-
formed at a 22 -acre site for infiltration -percolation disposal
of 3.1 mgd of tertiary treated sewage effluent. The studies
provided information about the nature and extent of receiv-
ing aquifers, rate and direction of ground -water movement,
and probable impact of the percolated effluent on a deep
aquifer system. Observation wells wera designed to moni-
tor ground -water levels and water quality.
LEAD -DEADWOOD SANITARY DISTRICT NO. 1
DEADWOOD, SOUTH DAKOTA
A proposed wastewater land treatment system was evaluated.
Detailed studies of the major floral and faunal communities,
soils, geology, and ground -water hydrology showed possible
undesirable environmental effects for the proposed site. An
alternative land application plan anal environmental asse«
ment was then developed by CH2M HILL, as a part of a
201 facilities plan, to treat mining wastewater and sewage)
from an expected population of 10,800 people.
I. LAS VEGAS VALLEY WATER DISTRICT
LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
A study of several wastewater handling alternatives culmi-
nated in the preliminary design of a 13,000 -acre evaporation/
irrigation system. The sizing and staging of the optimum
•Z combination of lake and sprinkler -applied effluent to evapora-
/80 tive and phreatophyte areas were determined using a comput-
' erized model. The system was sized to handle about 94 mgd
of secondary treated wastewater.
1-7
LAND APPLICATION OF LIQUID AND SOLID WASTES
MONTGOMERY COUNTY GOVERNMENT
ROCKVILLE, MARYLAND
This study involved evaluation of land application of effluent
as a method for treatment of 60 mgd of municipal sewage to
meet stringent discharge quality requirements.
Special considerations included the proximity of the large
Washington, D.C. , metropolitan area, political boundaries,
high land costs, poorly suited soils, and public acceptance
of a large land application site. In -plant treatment was
found to be more feasible than land application for this
project.
NORTHERN VIRGINIA PLANNING DISTRICT COMMISSION
FALLS CHURCH, VIRGINIA
A study of land application of 50 mgd of secondary treated
municipal effluent was completed as a part of wastewater
treatment planning for a regional service district. This
study also considered separate systems of about 7 mgd and
11 mgd for locdl communities.
CITY OF BOULDER
BOULDER, COLORADO
Several land application and advanced wastewater treatment
plans were evaluated for this city which is expected to have
a 1995 population of 154,000 and 22.5 mgd of sewage flow.
The land application alternatives included irrigation on pri-
vate land, high -rate irrigation on city land, and infiltration -
percolation. A complicated existing system of irrigation
canals, water rights, and winter storage was a unique prob-
lem encountered in this water -short area. Infiltration -
percolation on 330 acres was the most feasible land applica-
tion method.
CITY OF MERGED
MERCED, CALIFORNIA
Study, design, and construction management of a 1,000 -
acre surface irrigation system for land application of
tomato processing wastewater. Application area consists
of 580 acres of cropland and 420 acres of wildlife habitat.
CALIFORNIA CONSERVATION CENTER
SUSANVILLE, CALIFORNIA
Design and construction of an 87 -acre land application sys-
tem utilizing side roll irrigators for 0.3 mgd of secondary
wastewater.
2-7
LAND APPLICATION OF LIQUID AND SOLID WASTES
CITY OF TURLOCK
TURLOCK, CALIFORNIA
Soils, ground water, land use, and land ownership were in-
vestigated in a 280 -square -mile area to select sites suitable
for furthur study of land application of treated municipal
and cannery wastewater. Preliminary designs and cost esti-
mates were then developed for a 5,000 -acre site to apply
the total flow (12 mgd) and a 1,600 -acre site to apply just
the seasonal cannery, wastewater flow (6 mgd). In -plant
treatment was determined to be more cost-effective than
land application.
{ TUOLUMNE COUNTY WATER DISTRICT NO. 2
SONORA, CALIFORNIA
An EPA 201 wastewater facilities plan was developed for
treatment of 3,400 acre-feet per year (3 mgd) of treated
municipal effluent. Alternatives studied included irrigation
on private lands, irrigation on district -owned land, and
storage with seasonal discharge to surface waters. The
selected alternative, which was designed in 1976, calls for
a storage reservoir and about 21 miles of pipeline to deliver
• secondary treated wastewater to 17 farmers for irrigation
of about 1,200 acres.
COUNTY OF MAUI
KIHEI, HAWAII
A system to recycle 0.5 myd of treated municipal wastewater
was planned and designed. The land application system,
which consists of three 960 -foot -long side roll sprinkler
laterals, is now irrigating 50 acres of improved pastureland.
FO.OQ PROCESSING WASTEWATER PROJECTS
-
MCCAIN FOODS, LTD.
WASHBURN, MAINE
A 170 -acre high -rate •flood irrigation system for treatment
and disposal of 1 mgd of food processing wastewater was
I. designed by this firm. Soils, geology, and ground -water
investigations were used to establish application rates and
to locate seven ground -water level and quality monitoring
I. wells. The extremely cold winter climate required special
considerations in design of this project. Construction was
• 2 completed in 1976. ,
I/80
' ORE-IDA FOODS, INC.
PLOVER, WISCONSIN
Design and construction of a 240 -acre land application
' system utilizing six center -pivot irrigators to dispose of
1 mgd of potato processing wastewater. The system will
3-7
I_■
LAND APPLICATION OF LIQUID AND SOLID WASTES I
operate year round. CH2M HILL performed soils investi-
gations
and hydrogeologic studies and developed hydraulic
and nutrient loading constraints. A monitoring well system
was designed and installed prior to wastewater application
to determine background levels of various constituents in
the ground water.
ANHEUSER-BUSCH,INC.
JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA
Design for land application of brewery wastewater to 300
acres of turf. The overall project included three 1.2 -
million -gallon storage tanks, piping, valving, metering,
five center -pivot irrigators, subsurface drainage and pump -
back system, surface drainage, supplemental irrigation
well and pumps, and road and dike layouts. Operation
and maintenance manuals were prepared and a training
seminar given to the operators and key personnel.
BONNER PACKING COMPANY
FRESNO, CALIFORNIA
Development of a wastewater management plan and design
of a pretreatment system for land -applied raisin processing
wastewater. Project included a special detailed wastewater,
yround-water, and soils monitoring program.
AGRIPAC, INC.
EUGENE, OREGON
Two alternatives for treatment and disposal of a seasonal
0.8 mgd flow of cannery wastewater were studied and com-
pared. The alternatives were continued final treatment at
the municipal plant and land application. Irrigation of 200
acres of pasture grass was recommended.
NORTH PACIFIC GRAIN GROWERS, INC.
KALAMA, WASHINGTON
A study of several alternatives for disposal of a 450-gpm
flow of grain washing water resulted in the design of a
4 -acre sprinker irrigation system. The system has been in
operation since 1973.
WESTERN FARMERS ASSOCIATION
ABERDEEN, IDAHO
An evaluation was made of two sites for irrigation disposal
of potato processing wastewater. A 120 -acre site was selec-
ted, and a solid set sprinker irrigation system was designed
by this firm. The system, which was put into operation in
1972, handles a flow of 700 gpm.
Li
I
I
4-7
LAND APPLICATION OF LIOUID'AND SOLID WASTES
ROGERS BROTHERS COMPANY
REXBURG, IDAHO
CH2M HILL performed a study of six alternative systems
with resultant design and construction of a 67 -acre perma-
nent solid set sprinkler system for disposal of 0.87 mgd of
potato processing wastewater. Special design was required
to allow winter operation and a buildup of ice in the irriga-
tion fields. This system has been in operation since 1971.
CITY OF YAKIMA
YAKIMA, WASHINGTON
A 120 -sprinkler irrigation system was planned and designed
by this firm for a 4-mgd flow of food processing wastewaster
This system has been in operation since 1965.
FOREST PRODUCTS WASTEWATER PROJECTS
SIMPSON LEE PAPER COMPANY
ANDERSON, CALIFORNIA
An automated, high -rate surface irrigation system was
planned and designed for treatment of a 7-mgd wastewater
flow. Operation and management plans were developed which
describe cropping methods and irrigation and drainage sys-
tem operation. An extensive ground -water monitoring system
was designed and installed under the supervision of CH2M
HILL. The land application site included 740 acres of cash
crops. The system began operating in the spring of 1976.
MASONITE CORPORATION
UKIAH, CALIFORNIA
A combination of irrigation, seasonal discharge to river, and
recycling within a hardwood mill was designed for wastewater
disposal. The irrigation system design coisted of modi°y-
ing an existing 20 -acre system and increasing it to a total
of 35, acres for a capacity of 17 million gallons per month.'_
RECREATIONAL WASTEWATER PROJECTS
' NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
TUOLUMNE MEADOWS, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK
I6CH2M HILL performed site investigations for and designed
2.2 a 0.1-rngd sewage effluent treatment system which consists
8/80 of extended aeration, a polishing pond, and sprinkler appli-
' cation to land. A spray field of about 12 acres of forest
land and two lined storage ponds comprise the land appli-
cation system.
I
■
5-7
LAND APPLICATION OF LIQUID AND SOLID WASTES
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
WHITE WOLF AND HODGEN MEADOW, YOSEMITE NATIONAL
PARK
Two- and four -acre sprinkler irrigation systems were de-
signed to accompany pond treatment for disposal of sewage
from these two campgrounds. These systems have partially
replaced failing septic tank -leach field disposal systems.
DON PEDRO RECREATIONAL AGENCY
DON PEDRO RESERVOIR, CALIFORNIA
Similar sprinkler irrigation wastewater disposal systems were
designed for three recreational areas. They range from 3.5
to 9.3 acres in size. The design flows range from 18,000 to
61,000 gallons per day of aeration treated sewage effluent.
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
WHISKEYTOWN NATIONAL RECREATIONAL AREA,
CALIFORNIA
Two 2 -acre sprinkler irrigation systems were designed for
forest land application of secondary treated sewage from two
recreation sites. The systems have been in operation since
1974.
SLUDGE REUSE PROJECTS
MADISON METROPOLITAN SEWERAGE DISTRICT
MADISON, WISCONSIN
An agricultural reuse program was planned for handling
6,000 dry tons per year of liquid digested sludge and for
90,000 dry tons of sludge which will be removed from 135
acres of lagoons. Methods for sludge distribution, spread-
ing on farmland, management, and monitoring were devel-
oped. Public meetings held during the planning phases
have already created a demand for the sludge.
GRAND STRAND WATER AND SEWER AUTHORITY
CONWAY, SOUTH CAROLINA
In conjunction with the design of a 7.6-mgd treatment
plant, CH2M HILL designed a 126 -acre traveling big -gun
sprinkler system for land applying the liquid sludge from
the new plant. The land application design included a com-
plete subsurface drainage system. The nutrients in the
sludge provide the fertilizer for a hay crop. The permit
for land application of liquid sludge was the first to be
issued by the state.
CITY OF SALEM
SALEM, OREGON
Expansion and upgrading of an existing truck haul -and -
spread method for sludge disposal has been implemented.
6-7
LAND APPLICATION OF LIQUIDAND SOLID WASTES
About 6,000 dry tons per year of liquid anaerobically di-
gested sludge will be supplied to farmers who request it.
Site investigation, product marketing, distribution, manage-
ment, and monitoring programs were developed for implemen-
tation by the City of Salem.
METROPOLITAN DENVER SEWAGE DISPOSAL DISTRICT NO. 1
DENVER, COLORADO
Site investigations over a three -county area led to the selec-
tion and design of a 2,000 -acre site, 25 miles from the sew-
age treatment plant, for dewatering, disposal, and market-
ing of liquid and dried digested sludge. Studies included
a fertilizer market analysis and sludge application rate
determination.
HUMBOLDT BAY WASTEWATER AUTHORITY
EUREKA, CALIFORNIA
A plan was developed and facilities designed for composting
and agricultural reuse of 2,000 tons of solid sludge per year
Composted sludge was recommended over other methods of
disposal. Evaluation of farmer interest in using composted
sludge indicated a market large enough to use all of the
product.
UPPER OCCOQUAN SEWAGE AUTHORITY
MANASSAS PARK, VIRGINIA
The new 15-mgd advanced waste treatment plant will pro-
duce about 5,100 tons per year of organic sludge, 14,000
tons per year of lime sludge, and 2,200 tons per year of
ammonium sulfate. Methods of disposal and reuse of these
wastes, both separately and in various combinations, were
investigated. Dewatering and composting of the organic
sludge for agricultural reuse was recommended. Land appli-
cation demonstration and research sites have been investi-
gated for use in marketing. the waste products.
1.2
B/80
I
I
THE POTATO PROCESSORS OF IDAHO ASSOCIATION
A pilot study, including sprinkler application of waste acti-
vated -sludge from a potato processing plant, was performed.
The pilot testing indicated that with special management for
freezing conditions and with reasonable loading rates, this
method could be used successfully for disposal of potato
processing wastes.
J
7-7
■■ LEESBURG WASTEWATER TREATMENT
■i PLANT AND EFFLUENT IRRIGATION
SYSTEM
CLIENT: City of Leesburg, Florida
With a 1980 population of 13,229, Leesburg, Florida, can still be classified
as a "small" city. However, like several other small cities in central and
north Florida, Leesburg is expected to continue growing, primarily because
of migration from northern states and from southeast Florida. Located on
an isthmus between two large lakes (Griffin and Harris) and 40 miles north
of Disney World, Leesburg has many features, in terms of climate, outdoor
recreation, and proximity to attractions, that will stimulate future growth.
To provide for its inevitable growth and to minimize impacts on its natural
environment, the City in 1970 began exploring ways to improve its waste-
water treatment plant and to discontinue the practice of discharging
treatment plant effluent to Lake Griffin. These efforts culminated in the
improved 3.0 -million -gallon -per -day (mgd) secondary treatment plant and
new effluent irrigation system, designed by CH2M HILL in 1978, which
began operation in January 1981.
The current system represents a major step forward in the history of
Leesburg's wastewater treatment and disposal facilities. Modifications to
the original system began in the 1940's with the installation of an Imhoff
tank, followed by upgrading of the plant to provide 1.5-mgd primary treat-
ment in 1955. Then in 1967, 3.0-mgd secondary treatment capacity was
added in the form of aeration and clarification components.
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h+
..YM1•T--I—, 1,
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i i
.. ulf' i•3•�\J
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Lh A.fMN-L.a-u•-.� !_Lna_\..
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-
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Irrigation site resery air.
The EPA grants received by the City beginning in 1976 for a 201 Plan
eventually paid 75 percent of the costs to upgrade the 1.5-mgd pretreatment
units to a firm 3.0-mgd capacity and renovate several deteriorated structures,
most notably the earthen aeration basins and their associated berms, which
were eroding. Other plant improvements included a new 50 -foot -diameter
digester, 10 sludge drying beds, and a new chlorine handling building.
Finally, the existing lab and office building was expanded and the control
room upgradedwith new monitoring equipment.
The plant's effluent was diverted away from Lake Griffin by pumping from
the plant to a 915 -acre tract of land 8 miles west of the plant. Within the
site, approximately 330 acres are irrigated with the plant's effluent.
This effluent irrigation system is currently the largest solid set (fixed gun)
system in the state. It consists of a 10 -million -gallon reservoir, 6,400 -gallon -
per -minute (gpm) pumping station (three 300 -hp vertical turbine pumps
each rated at 3,200 gpm), 44,000 feet of buried irrigation pipe ranging in
size from 24 -inch- to 6 -inch -diameter, and 83 irrigation guns (each rated at
620 gpm at 80 -psi nozzle pressure). Because of the seasonally high water
table, approximately 100 acres of the irrigated areas are provided with
subsurface drains, which deliver ground water to an onsite pump station,
which in turn pumps the water to offsite drainage paths. The irrigated areas
are planted with Coastal Bermuda grass, which is harvested by City
employees using City -owned agricultural field machines and tractors.
All of the effluent irrigation system was funded by EPA grants. The land
was acquired with a 75 percent grant, while all construction items, including
the transfer pumps at the plant, the 8 miles of 20 -inch ductile iron pipe
necessary to reach the irrigation site, and all of the farming equipment
received 85 percent EPA funding.
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Coastal Bermuda Grass under irrigation.
0® LAND APPLICATION OF
FOOD PROCESSING WASTEWATER
CLIENT: National Fruit Canning Company
Chehalis, Washington
Pond provides equilization/storage before pumping to 60 acre irrigation field.
Pump station boosts pressure to
distribution system after 7,900 -foot
gravity flow pipeline to application
site.
An;imminent increase in sewer service charges prompted
National Fruit Canning Co. (NFCC) to explore the alter.... •-
natives to municipal treatment, Land application of seasonal
pea and corn packing wastewater was selected. NFCC
asked CH2M HILL to prepare plans and specifications on a
crash schedule and to provide liaison for approvals from the
Washington State Department of Ecology and the local County
Planning Commission and Board of Commissioners.
I. The process wastewater receives fine mesh screening prior
to discharge into a 7,800 -foot gravity pipeline. The waste
enters a flow equalization/emergency storage lagoon, and is
' later pumped into the irrigation system. Buried headers
and portable aluminum laterals were used in this sprinkler
irrigation system.
I. Our work included soils investigation for hydraulic, organic,
6 and specific ion impacts. We designed the pipeline, storage
2 facilities, pump station, and portable distribution network.
I2
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I
Because the effluent contained high BUD (1,600 to 2,600 mg/I),'
TSS (400 to 800 mg/I), and sodium ion concentration, we
proposed an irrigation system that basically limited hydraulic
application to evapotranspiration requirements. Monitoring
of sodium ion buildup in lower clayey soils was recommended.
During the nonirrigation season, natural rainfall percolates
through the soil profile to remove salts from the root zone.
To control nitrogen leaching to the ground water, a Reed
Canary grass crop is harvested annually and removed from
the 60 -acre site. '
Our operating recommendations help to protect the site from
excessive hydraulic and organic loads. The system is
environmentally compatible with the surrounding wetlands
area.
I
1
C
E
is LAND APPLICATION OF TOMATO
PROCESSING WASTEWATER
CLIENT: City of Merced
Merced, California
To meet revised surface discharge permit standards for pH,
nitrogen, BOD, and suspended solids, and to relieve seasonal
overloading of their sewage interceptor system, the City of
Merced contracted with CH2M HILL to investigate alternative
means of handling and treating up to 5 mgd of process
wastewater generated by a large tomato canning operation.
During the canning season, flows from the cannery average
seven times the volume during the noncanning season and
are characterized by BOD values of about 1,500 mg/I,
suspended solids concentrations in excess of 2,000 mg/I,
and near -neutral to strongly acidic pH.
CH2M HILL's facility planning and environmental studies
recommended that the canning wastes be excluded from the
municipal wastewater system and applied directly to preirrigate
city -owned cropland. In comparison with other means of
advanced waste treatment, land application provided the
most cost-effective means of complying with the revised
discharge standards and mitigating other problems associated
with the cannery's high biological waste loads.
rw •�YJ �y�q'{�i��i•f'1'� ' Y� .
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Production of hay and grain crops
provides nutrient removal and helps
offset treatment costs.
6
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Canning wastewater can be applied to one or any combination of seven fields
through individual turnouts into 50 -foot -wide by 1/LL-mile-long borders.
4 :ice •
I
The 580 -acre application site required considerable preparation
to improve treatment efficiency of the hummocky saline -alkali
soils. This was successfully done by deep plowing to mix
soil layers, addition of gypsum to improve soil chemistry,
and extensive earthmoving followed by land planing to
provide the required finish grades for efficient application.
Facilities to accommodate wastewater application consist of '
seven 80 -acre surface -irrigated fields, pump stations,
wastewater delivery and return flow systems, and ground-
water
monitoring wells. CH2M HILL provided complete design
services and construction inspection for the pumping,
distribution, and monitoring facilities, and for sitework
associated with the project.
A detailed site management plan and operation and maintenance
manual were prepared to assist in the operation and maintenance
of the land application treatment system, and to define the
ongoing soil and ground -water monitoring program.
Comparisons by the City show that the annual costs to
operate and maintain the land application facilities are
substantially less than the cost for treating the same volume
of wastewater in the municipal treatment plant.
Based on experience gained from site management and crop
yields to date, the City anticipates that the site's gross
operating cost will be reduced about 40 percent annually
through the sale of oat hay and grain crops.
Monitoring of site soil and ground water indicates no signifi-
cant changes from preproject conditions as a result of
wastewater application to the site.
The site was prepared by deep plowing to mix the soil layers and improve soil permeability.
■s LAND APPLICATION
OF FOOD PROCESSING WASTEWATER
CLIENT: McCain Foods Ltd.
Washburn, Maine
This client processes Maine potatoes, producing various con-
venience foods. As a result, up to a million gallons of nutrient -
rich effluent is discharged daily from the plant. Until recently
this flow was returned directly to the river. The consequent
surface water degradation downstream was threatening to
reach excessive levels.
From wastewater management studies conducted by CH2M HILL,
the client determine the best practical solution to be a multi-
purpose treatment and land application operation. CH2M HILL•
prepared the conceptual and final design for the new project
and the construction surveying for the land application facilities.
By means of a pipeline system controlled at the plant, the waste
effluent, bearing dissolved and suspended material, flows
approximately 4 miles where it is used for flood irrigation of
160 acres of grass hay.
Site prior to construction of Land
Application facilities.
The initial study of the land application system included investi-
gation of soil properties and geologic and ground -water charac-
teristics to assess subsurface flow and permissible nutrient
and hydraulic loading rates. The final design called for strategic
location of seven observation wells to permit monitoring of
ground -water levels and collection of water samples for chemical
analysis.
a
I
The extremely cold winter climate in northern Maine required
special considerations. The design included allowance for
3.5 feet of ice buildup on the leveled fields and a subsurface
drain line and pump station to remove the percolating water
so that an unsaturated rooting depth of 3.5 to 4 feet can be
maintained during spring thaw. Discharge from the subsurface
drain line will be sampled and tested as part of the monitoring
program.
Because of the absence of well defined state requirements, close
contact with state health and environmental agencies was main-
tained during design. Support information for design criteria
was supplied to these agencies.
I
I
®® WASTEWATER IRRIGATION OF MINT
CLIENT: City of Junction City, Oregon
Using its seasonally high summer effluent flows to irrigate a
mint field, the City of Junction City has found an alternative
to construction of $2 to $3 million worth of new sewerage
facilities.
The project was created by the need to dispose of ever-
increasing volumes of effluent. The City treats its effluent
in lagoons which discharge into a nearby stream. Between
November and June, the flows in this stream are large
enough to permit adequate dilution of the effluent. But
during the summer months, low creek flows require that
discharge from the lagoons be halted. The problem is
compounded by increased summer wastewater flows from a
major cannery.
Since the lagoons have adequate organic treatment capacity,
the City wanted to continue using them as long as possible
rather than build new facilities. They therefore retained
CH2M HILL to help them develop an irrigation program for
summertime effluent disposal.
I
6
2
C
1
1
Junction City mint crop where wastewater effluent is used for irrigation.
The first phase of our work consisted of determining the
City's wastewater flow and its quality, evaluating the alterna-
tives of using city -owned land or private land, and contacting
local farmers to determine the availability and suitability of
their land for effluent irrigation. After results were evaluated,
we recommended that irrigation be initiated on a private
mint field adjacent to the treatment lagoons. We then
established irrigation site development requirements and
worked with the City, the landowner, and the Oregon
Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) to set up a
one-year pilot/experimental program.
Mint was preferred over other crops because it requires
large amounts of water and nutrients; therefore, the land
area needed for irrigation is reduced. In addition, tempera-
tures reached during distillation of the mint to an oil, part
of the harvest process, are high enough to kill residual
bacteria. As a result, the crop product is not adversely
affected by the effluent, making mint an ideal crop for this
method of effluent disposal.
The City's project was the first one in the state
to win DEQ
approval for
the use
of wastewater effluent on a
food crop.
So not only
has the
City avoided the major expense
of
adding new
treatment
facilities to its system, it
has also
proven that
effluent
can be successfully used to
irrigate
mint.
E30 LAND APPLICATION
am OF RAISIN PROCESSING WASTEWATER
CLIENT: FRESNO COUNTY PLANNING DEPARTMENT
FRESNO, CALIFORNIA
Bonner Packing Company, a raisin processor near Fresno,
applied for a permit to expand their land application system
to mitigate developing environmental problems on their
initial 20 -acre site. CH2M HILL was retained to develop a
wastewater management plan for the proposed expansion.
The study involved a detailed surface and subsurface soil in-
vestigation, evaluation of the interaction of the high strength
wastewater with the soil, and the evaluation of potential waste-
water pretreatment processes necessary to effect adequate
treatment by land application. Potential in -plant process
changes which could improve wastewater quality and the en-
vironmental health aspects of land application of wastewater
were considered. A cropping program required to remove
Bonner Packing Company nutrients applied with the wastewater was also developed.
land application site.
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The recommended plan included:
■ Providing sedimentation facilities for wastewater
pretreatment
■ Slip plowing the 43 -acre site to a depth of 7 to 8 feet
to break up the hardpan
■ Grading the expansion area for surface. drainage
■ Installing a surface return flow system
■ Establishing a perennial forage crop
■ Modification of the solid set sprinkler system on
the existing site and installing a sprinkler system
on the expansion area
■ Providing a monitoring program for the wastewater,
soils, and ground water
The wastewater management plan was accepted by the Fresno
County Planning Department, the California Regional Water
Quality Control Board, and Bonner Packing Company. After
receiving the permit to proceed, Bonner Packing Company
retained CH2M HILL to design the pretreatment facilities,
develop the detailed monitoring program, review their own
design of the irrigation facilities, and provide services
during construction.
U LAND APPLICATION OF
`MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER
SLUDGES
For many cities and towns across the country, land application has
become an attractive alternative to traditional sludge disposal methods.
TOTALe . %
It not only fulfills the need for effective disposal, but also presents
5
.II/U^I'° 31• —
the opportunity for recycling what has come to be recognized as a
valuable resource: the nutrients and organics found in wastewater
sludge.
a.
aS
CH2M HILL offers expert assistance in planning, designing, and
5:
implementing land application programs. With many years of experience
s
in the sludge management field, we have helped our clients develop
E'
successful land application systems of various types and sizes. CH2M
HILL's multi -discipline team of engineers and scientists can provide all
of the services needed on a land application project.
=1 ,W
Any application
land ppication program, whether its primary purpose is reuse
n
(maximum crop production) or disposal (maximum loadings) requires
sound planning, careful management, and public acceptance to ensure
its success. Local conditions and applicable regulations must be
reviewed and analyzed. Sludges must be evaluated for their resource
potential; either as a fertilizer or soil amendment for agricultural
m
land, or as a resource for land reclamation. Potential land application
TINE. YEARZ
sites must be identified and evaluated with respect to soil conditions,
Annual sludge application rates for dif-
geology, and ground water and surface water hydrology. Potential
ferentavailablenitrogen requirements.
environmental impacts on both the immediate area and the community
This figure is from the report on the
Willow Lake Wastewater Treatment
as a whole must be assessed. Acceptable loading rates and sludge
Plant for Salem. Oregon.
conveyance and application methods must be determined.
�
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Y'7,____
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. - I -
-r . -
R Liquid sludge application methods planned
V for Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District
2 Wisconsin.
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Comprehensive programs for system management; sludge, soil, crop
and water -quality monitoring; and public involvement are needed to
protect the environment, promote public acceptance, and ensure
compliance with regulatory agency requirements. When the local
farming community is participating in a reuse program, intensive
marketing and public relations efforts are key elements.
Such was the case in Salem, Oregon, where CH2M HILL developed a
system to reuse nearly 7,000 dry tons per year of liquid, anaerobically
digested sludge (marketed under the name "BIOGRO") on the croplands
of participating farmers in the area. Public relations and marketing
are also key factors in a similar sludge reuse plan developed for
Madison, Wisconsin, by CH2M HILL.
In a system developed by CH2M HILL for Denver, Colorado, liquid
digested sludge will be piped to a 2,000 -acre drying and distribution
center located 25 miles east of the city. Dried sludge will be marketed
as a soil conditioner. In Virginia, for the Upper Occoquan Sewage
Authority, we conducted alternative evaluation and site selection
studies for a composting/land application program. In California,
CH2M HILL studied land application alternatives as part of the Los
Angeles/Orange County Metropolitan Area Regional Wastewater Solids
Management Plan and the San Francisco Bay Region Wastewater Solids
study.
Liquid d'Gesled sludge bein.) spread on cr'glLinds
•• SLUDGE PROCESSING
•. TECHNOLOGY,
CH2M HILL personnel have accumulated valuable experience
through many studies, designs, and operational tests of
• sludge digestion, dewatering, and disposal facilities.
Several projects have been particularly noteworthy in developing
• the firm's experience. A brief description of those that
have advanced sludge processing technology is presented
below; Several have been published.
• ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF SLUDGE
• ■ "Anaerobic Sludge Digestion" presented at Biological
• Waste treatment Seminar, University of Washington,
1973, Gary R. Graham.
■ "Procedures and Problems of Digester Startup."
WPCF, 1967, John W. Filbert.
■ High rate digestion - full-scale testing of maximum
anaerobic digestion rates through loading to
process failure. Process stability plotted against
detention time, Nampa, Idaho.
■ Aeration of anaerobically digested sludge - evaluation
of the effect of aeration on sludge properties
including dewaterability. Springfield, Oregon.
■ Odor control, combustible gas reduction and improved
dewaterability through aeration of anaerobically
digested sludge.- Hood River, Oregon.
■ Operational analyses and design criteria development
for high pressure digester gas storage equipment -
Denver Metro and Montgomery County, Maryland.
SLUDGE THICKENING
■ Disc nozzle centrifuges - full-scale pilot testing
on anaerobically digested sludge - Albany, Oregon.
■ • Disc nozzle centrifuges - equipment startup and
acceptance testing.- Boise, Idaho; Colorado Springs,
Colorado; Kelowna, B.C.; Idaho Falls, Idaho.
■ • Basket centrifuges - Comprehensive analysis of
.operating installations to establish design
criteria; startup, and acceptance testing - Hood
River, Oregon.
1-7
SLUDGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
■ Flotation thickening - a comparative analysis of
the economics, operating features, and sludge
thickening capabilities of four major manufacturers'
equipment -Salem, oegon.
■ Gravity thickening - analysis of the operating
limits of gravity sludge thickeners - South Tahoe,
California.
• "Experimental Testing and Design of Spent Lime
Rejects (Sludge) thickeners, " 1974, Douglas R.
Christensen and Rayburn W. Prettyman.
SLUDGE HEAT TREATMENT
■ "Colorado Springs Activated Sludge Plant Provides
Treatment for Heat Treatment Recycle Liquor," WPCF
Conference, 1974, Jerry D. Boyle.
■ An analysis of the installation, operation, and
problems resulting from heat treatment equipment -
Gresham, Oregon.
■ Characterization of Porteous process supernatant
liquor to establish design parameters - Upper
Occoquan Sewerage Authority, Virginia.
■ Pilot plant treatability studies for heat treatment
supernatant - Colorado Springs, Colorado.
SLUDGE DEWATERING
■ Operating costs of centrifugal dewatering of raw
sludge are presented in "An Economical Solution to
Water Pollution," 1969, and "Design and Operating
Data for a 7.5-mgd Nutrient Removal Plant," L. G.
Suhr.
• Solid bowl centrifuges - startup, acceptance
testing, and performance analysis - South Tahoe,
California; Pendleton, Oregon; Bellingham, Washington
■ Solid bowl centrifuges - a comparison of performance
and economics relative to vacuum filtration of
anaerobically digested sludge - Montgomery County,
Maryland.
2-7
SLUDGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
■ Vacuum filtration - an analysis of performance and
operation and maintenance requirements - Denver
Metro.
■ Vacuum filtration - comparative studies of the
• economics of vacuum filtration applied to industrial
and municipal -industrial sludges - Fibreboard
Corporation, Ketchikan Pulp; Tillie Lewis, Masonite
• Corporation. Vacuum Filtration - pilot testing
• for applicability,to reject chemical sludge, Upper
Occoquan Sewerage Authority (UOSA), Virginia.
■ Leaf. presses - installation, startup and operating
experiences with Reitz presses - Publishers Paper.
■ Concentrators - Purmutit DCG units -Maui, Hawaii;
Sweet Home, Oregon; Aloha, Oregon; Kodiak,
• Alaska.
■ Pressure filtration - observation, performance,
and operational analysis of operating installations
and analysis of pilot testing, to establish design
parameters Montgomery County, Maryland; Tahoe
Truckee, Nevada. Clark County, Nevada; UOSA,
Virginia.
■ Freeze treatment - a functional and economic
'
analysis of freezing as an aid to dewatering
sludge - Denver Metro.
' BENEFICIAL REUSE OF SLUDGE
■ Sludge lagoons - a comprehensive analysis of the
' installations of sludge lagoons, their cost,
performance, and problems - Denver Metro.
■ Liquid sludge application - onsite visitations and
'• comprehensive analyses of agricultural reuse
projects -Fulton County, Illinois; Beltsville,
Maryland; Hertfordshire, England.
■ "Denver Plan: Recycle Sludge to Feed Farms."
2 •Published 1974, Water and Wastes Engineering,
• James E. Schwing.
I. - . •. . . . ..
3-7
SLUDGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
INCINERATION OF SLUDGE
■ Comparative analysis including performance, operability,
maintenance requirements of multiple -hearth and
fluidized bed incinerators - Bellingham, Washington;
Montgomery County, Maryland.
■ Acceptance testing and operational performance
(including air -pollution parameters) multiple -
hearth incinerators -South Tahoe, California;
Bellingham, Washington.
ULTIMATE DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES
■ Comprehensive studies for UOSA, Virginia; Montgomery
County, Maryland; Salem, Oregon; Clackamas County,
Oregon; Denver, Colorado.
MAJOR DESIGN PROJECTS
No. of
Units
Size
Digestion
■ Anaerobic
Albany, Oregon
2
70'
diam.
Fort Lewis, Washington
1
70'
diam.
Boise, Idaho
2
70
diam.
Denver, Metro
8
100'
diam.
Upper Occoquan Sewage
Authority, Virginia
2
80'
diam.
Montgomery County,
Maryland
4
100'
diam.
Salem, Oregon
3
70'
diam.
Eugene, Oregon
2
90'
diam.
Eugene, Oregon
2
60'
diam.
Ellensburg, Washington
2
45'
diam.
■ Aerobic
Clark County, Washington
1
70'
diam.
Chehalis, Washington
1
65'
x 100'
Camas, Washington
1
84'
diam.
Dallas, Oregon
1
90'
diam.
Kihei, Maui. Hawaii
2
75'
diam.
4-7
1
2
3
I
■
SLUDGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
-, ark
Thickening
■ Flotation
Upper Occoquan Sewage
Authority, Virginia
2
300
sq ft
Salem, Oregon
4
600
sq ft
Montgomery County,
Maryland
4
400
sq ft
• Ellensburg, Washington
1
200
sq ft
• Albany, Oregon
1
400
sq ft
• South Tahoe, California
1
250
sq ft
Eugene, Oregon
1
800
sq ft
■ Gravity
Upper Occoquan Sewage
• Authority, Virginia
3
40'
diam.
(Chemical)
2
125'
diam.
• Fort Lewis, Washington
1
40'
diam.
Eugene, Oregon
1.
35'
diam.
• Salem, Oregon
1
45'
diam.
Colorado Springs, Colorado
2
40'
diam.
Montgomery County,
• Maryland (Chemical)
6
90'
diam.
Clark County, Nevada
(Chemical)
4
95'
diam.
■ Centrifugal
Boise, Idaho
2
90
gpm
Idaho Falls, Idaho
3
300
gpm
Colorado Springs, Colorado
4
315
gpm
Kelowna, British Columbia
1
300
gpm
Hood River, Oregon (basket
type)
5
70
gpm
Dewatering
■ Centrifugal
Bellingham, Washington 2
24"x60"
• South Tahoe, California 2
24"x60"
Upper Occoquan Sewage
• Authority, Virginia
(Chemical) 6
16"x48"
Montgomery County,
Maryland (Chemical) 8 •24"x96"
5-7
SLUDGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
■ Pressure Filters
Upper Occoquan Sewage
Authority, Virginia
2
Montgomery County,
Maryland
8
Tahoe Truckee, California
1
Clark County, Nevada
(Chemical)
7
■ Vacuum Filters
Georgia Pacific, Bellingham,
Washington
1
Fibreboard Corporation,
Antioch, California
1
Ketchikan Pulp
1
Simpson Timber, Korbel,
California
1
Simpson Lee, Everett,
Washington
1
Kaiser Aluminum, Spokane,
Washington
1
Idaho Frozen Uoods, Twin
Falls, Idaho
1
R. T. French, Shelley, Idaho
1
Seabrook Farms, Lewiston,
Idaho
1
■ Leaf Presses
Publishers Paper, Oregon
City, Oregon
Incineration
South Tahoe, California
1
Bellingham, Washington
1
Calcining
South Tahoe, California
1
Montgomery County, Maryland
3
Land Application (Major)
Salem, Oregon (includes
sludge application trucks)
64"
diam.
64"
diam.
64'
diam.
1.5
m.x2 m
8'x10'
8'x12'
11.5'x10'
10x10'
8'x12'
8'x8
10'x14'
8'x6'
8'x6'
14'3"x6'
14'3"x7'
14'3"x6'
18'9"x10'
6-7
SLUDGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
Land Application (Major) (Continued)
Denver Metro
Hood. River, Oregon (includes
sludge haul and application
trucks)
Miscellaneous
Heat treatment - Colorado Springs,
Colorado
Aeration of anaerobic sludge - Hood
River, Oregon
Scum Handling and Processing
Bellingham, Washington concentration
and incineration with sludge
Montgomery County, Maryland -
concentration and incineration in by-
products boiler for heating digestors
Fort Lewis, Washington - scum concentrator
7-7
®SALEM ORGANIC SOLIDS RECYCLE SYSTEM
CLIENT: City of Salem, Oregon
"BIOGRO" is the program promoted by the City of Salem to
recycle their organic solids. The program involved more
than six months of intensive study and planning by the City
and CH2M HILL.
By completing the $18.5 -million expansion project at Salem's
Willow Lake Wastewater Treatment Plant, this system will
recycle about 6, 750 tons of dry solids each year. Liquid
sludge, anaerobically digested, will be spread on the crop-
lands of participating farmers in the area. Semi -tank trailers
will haul the sludge, and specially designed swamp buggies
will spread the liquid sludge.
To develop this sludge -reuse system, we studied soil and
crop suitability and designed an extensive system for moni-
toring sludge, soil, crops, and ground -water characteristics.
An innovative marketing and management program developed
by.CH2M HILL to promote "BIOGRO,"is a key factor for its
success.
Liquid sludge, anaerobically digested being spread on croplands.
®■ METRO
!E SLUDGE
DENVER
MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
CLIENT: Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal District No. 1
Denver, Colorado
A 25 -mile -long transport system, featuring some of the longest
sludge transmission pipelines in the United States, is one feature
of the District's innovative sludge management program. This
program provides for the reuse of 1 mgd of waste organic sludges
(at 3 percent solids content) from the Metro Denver Sewage Treat-
ment Plant. A $32 million, CH2M HILL -designed expansion project
has added about 70 mgd to this plant's treatment capacity.
The dual pipeline system delivers the sludge to a 2000 -acre drying
and distribution center. Here the sludge is air-dried and stock-
piled.prior to marketing as a soil conditioner. The drying center
will also have areas for demonstrating surface and subsurface
sludge application methods. These methods will be demonstrated
for both dryland and irrigated farming.
The key to this project's ultimate success lies in the District's
extensive marketing program, begun well in advance of actual
system operation. When the. benefits of this marketing effort are
fully realized, the drying and distribution center will become
one link in the ultimate reuse chain.
An artist's rendering of the District's 2000 -acre sludge drying and distribution
center
Runoff from the entire site will be collected and stored. When
its quality is acceptable, it will be released to nearby drainage -
ways or reused for irrigation. An extensive system of wells
will monitor ground -water quality.
CH2M HILL assisted the District in the development of this system,
from initial studies of sludge management alternatives through
design of the selected agricultural reuse plan. Site selection
and identification, fertilizer market analysis, and an environ-
mental assessment were major elements of preliminary studies.
Lt
Without sludge applied, sparse
growth, S - 6 inches high
With sludge applied, thick
growth, 18 - 19 inches high
Metro Denver sludge management program
::MADISON SLUDGE REUSE PLAN
t v ,
CLIENT: Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District
Madison, Wisconsin
In an effort to recycle a valuable resource, the Madison Metro-
politan Sewerage District (MMSD) has developed an innovative
organic sludge reuse plan. Through implementation of this
plan, liquid, anaerobically digested sludge will be applied to
agricultural lands as a fertilizer and soil conditioner.
Loading sludge to be distributed and applied to local
farmland, part of a proposed sludge reuse program.
To ensure the success of its plan, MMSD has embarked on an
extensive marketing and public information program that is de-
signed to promote public acceptance and gain the support of the
local farming community.
The MMSD's 36-mgd wastewater treatment plant is being expanded
to treat the 50-mgd flow predicted for the year 2000. By then,
sludge production will have increased from the present 5,000 dry
tons per year to an estimated 7,000 dry tons per year. In addition,
a 135 -acre lagoon, in use for 35 years, contains about 90,000 dry
tons of sludge that must be disposed of.
u
i ft Sludge- inlectan tractor for
applyin- sludge to farmland
Rryht Liquid sludge diarnuliun and
land - oplIca Ion systems tor i 15D
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To find the best ultimate disposal method, the MMSD did a
comprehensive study of the various alternatives. After deciding
on a land application system, the MMSD retained CH2M HILL to
develop a reuse plan that could be implemented in the Madison
area. The resulting plan provides for a long-range land appli-
cation system and calls for removing the lagQoned sludge over an
8- to 10 -year period. Eventually, the lagoon area will be re-
turned to its original marshland condition.
Because the sludge lagoon dikes were showing signs of failure,
immediate corrective actions were necessary. CH2M HILL geo-
technical engineers recommended a unique, economical, repair
method. All told, the dike rehabilitation project will cost the
MMSD about half as much as has been predicted by the lowest of
several previous estimates.
In the development of this sludge reuse plan, CH2M HILL worked
with the MMSD in formulating operation, management, and moni-
toring procedures and public information and marketing prnnrams.
Meetings were held with the farm community to outline the pro-
posed reuse plan and obtain farmer input.
Specific tasks included the determination of present, and probable
future, sludge character and volume; a review of pertinent local,
state, and federal regulations; soil, ground water, and crop
suitability surveys; and an evaluation of reuse program alter-
natives based on site location, sludge application rates and distri-
bution methods, and local acceptance.
I
II
• A.;
4-a
Compost shredder
The UOSA composting system follows this operational
sequence: Anaerobically digested sludge is conditioned
with ferric chloride and lime, then dewatered to 40 percent
solids using a 2- by 1.5 -metre, 114 -chamber plate and
frame filter press to yield 25 cubic yards of sludge
cake per day. It is then hauled by truck to the onsite
220- by 350 -foot composting building and unloaded in
windrows. A self-propelled composter is driven over
each windrow, initially to blend the new material with
recycled compost used for bulking and drying, and
later to provide periodic mixing and aeration.
The composting process creates temperatures up to
150°-170° F which destroy pathogenic bacteria and
parasites. Regular tests confirm the removal of these
organisms. A completely stabilized compost is produced
in three to five weeks.
CH2M HILL recommended the windrow method of compost-
ing based on our research at two successful sludge
composting operations for the U.S. Department of
Agriculture's Experimental Station at Beltsville, Maryland,
and for the Los Angeles County Sanitation District.
Several modifications to conventional composting techniques
were made to take into account the operational features
and environmental characteristics of the UOSA facility
and its location. Rather than taking place outside, the
composting occurs in a covered area, minimizing the
effects of rain, wind, and snow. This permits bacterial
activity to occur more quickly and facilitates equipment
operation for pile turnover.
The compost building itself incorporates some unusual
features. The floor slopes in two directions, incorporat-
ing peaks and valleys to facilitate drainage. It also
includes a drainage system that feeds liquids back to
the treatment plant and a corrosion -resistant fiberglass
air handling system used to keep each windrow in an
aerobic state.
The system became operational in January 1979. When
landscaping demands for compost at the plantsite have
been completely met, the Authority will make available
22 tons of compost produced daily to the Fairfax County
Park Authority and the Northern Virginia Regional Park
Authority for nursery use and recreational athletic field
rehabilitation purposes.
Logo designed for Madison's organic
solids reuse program.
•• DESIGN OF SOLIES HANDLING
AND REUSE FACILITIES
CLIENT: Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District
Madison, Wisconsin
Following completion of a wastewater facilities plan in 1976,
the Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District embarked on a
long-term program to' recycle organic solids, from its Nine
Springs Wastewater Treatment Plant to agricultural land.
Today,. the District's sludge product, known by the trade
name of METROGRO, has generated considerable interest in
the program among area farmers, and the blending of city
and farm is becoming a reality in Madison.
I
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'Site plan of Nine Springs Wastewater In 1978 CH2M. HILL completed preliminary design studies
Treatment Plant. Black units part of
79 19design for sixth addition. for solids handling and reuse facilities needed to serve the
District's solids reuse program for the next 20 years.
1 7 Extensive analyses were performed on the plant waste load
and solids characteristics and on alternative thickening and
7 anaerobic digestion processes that could be used. After
3
the analyses, solids handling and reuse additions were
c recommended that consist of a new anaerobic digestion
R complex, sludge transport and application vehicles, a vehicle
E loading facility, lagoon sludge removal equipment; and a
0 dry cludne nrodurtinn site_
Concurrent with the solids predesign studies, CH2M HILL
produced a preliminary design for the District's new opera-
tions building at the Nine Springs plant. Numerous alterna-
tive building layouts and configurations were considered in
detail with the District staff prior to design of the operations
building, which contains a 3,000 -square -foot laboratory.
1 q
trot -'rw.�_
sr ,
_ .fir 4
lrf .7 •
t.4 i,allon apphc_rtion vchlcle :R
teh�ered to MaJ'suu fur full -scaly ,. -
ttartLip n( the rvusc program
Final design of all of these facilities, plus additional modifica-
tions to the existing digester, boiler, and gas engine systems,
was completed in 1979. Bidding occurred early in 1980,
and the total construction cost for the project will be approxi-
mately $9 million. Construction is projected to be completed
by early 1982.
z. MAJOR WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM DESIGN
i• PROJECTS
CITY OF. BAKER
BAKER, OREGON
Interceptor sewers, raw sewage pumping station, and
waste stabilization ponds for a design population of 14,000.
CITY OF BELLINGHAM
BELLINGHAM, WASHINGTON
Interceptor, pump stations, outfall, and 18-mgd primary
treatment system.
CITY OF ADRIAN
ADRIAN, OREGON
New collection system with pump station and force main
across Snake River, Total containment lagoon treatment
system with provision for land treatment in future.
43,000-gpd capacity.
CITY OF BOCA RATON
BOCA RATON, FLORIDA
Ocean outfall, 80 miles of gravity sewers, 20 miles of sew-
age force mains, and 10-mgd wastewater treatment plant.
CITY OF DEERFIELD BEACH
DEERFIELD BEACH, FLORIDA
Gravity sewers, 15 pumping stations, and 8 miles of waste-
water force mains.
BENCH SEWER DISTRICT
BOISE, IDAHO
Sanitary sewer system for a large residential area adja-
cent to Boise, Idaho, including 87 miles of mains and
laterals.
CITY OF LACEY
LACEY, WASHINGTON
68,000 -foot sanitary sewage system with pump stations.
LOGAN CITY CORPORATION
LOGAN, UTAH
Interceptor sewer and waste stabilization ponds for a
design population of 34,000.
CITY OF MADRAS
MADRAS, OREGON
Complete sewerage system, including 64,000 feet of sewers,
15,000 feet of 10 -inch pressure main, 26 -acre stabilization
ponds, spray irrigation, a high head pump station, and
•
appurtenances.
1./73.2
80
MAJOR WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM DESIGN
PROJECTS
CITY OF MILLERSBURG
MILERSBURG, OREGON
Pump station, force main, and gravity sewers serving the
industrial area of the city.
CITY OF SPRINGFIELD
SPRINGFIELD, OREGON
Interceptor and treatment plant additions to serve a design
population of 40,000.
CITY OF STAYTON
STAYTON, OREGON
Sewers and wastewater treatment plant, 75,000 linear feet
of sewer.
CITY OF STEVENSON
STEVENSON, WASHINGTON
60,000 feet of sewers and wastewater treatment plant.
CITY OF SUBLIMITY
SUBLIMITY, OREGON
Complete sewer system, including 46,000 feet of sewers,
pump stations, and appurtenances.
CITY AND BOROUGH OF JUNEAU
JUNEAU, ALASKA
25,000 feet of sewers, four pump stations, 2.75-mgd acti-
vated sludge plant.
CITY OF SWEET HOME
SWEET HOME, OREGON
Design of 111,000 feet of sewer including nine railroad
undercrossings, a bridge crossing, creek crossing and
highway crossings.
SACRAMENTO COUNTY
CALIFORNIA
4,000 feet of interceptor and pump station.
23,000 feet of 30 -inch to 48 -inch wastewater interceptor
design.
33,000 feet of 84 -inch and 108 -inch wastewater interceptor
design.
CITY OF SALEM
SALEM, OREGON
Interceptor and treatment plant; design population of
430,000 (domestic load of 80,000, equivalent industrial
population load of 350,000).
MAJOR WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM DESIGN
PROJECTS 1
SOUTH FORK COEUR d'ALENE SEWER DISTRICT
COEUR d'ALENE, IDAHO
Design of collection, interceptors, and sewer treatment
for five communities on South Fork Coeur d'Alene River.
SOUTH SUBURBAN SANITARY DISTRICT
Sanitary sewage collection system and stabilization lagoons•
for 20,000 population.
CITY OF CORVALLIS
CORVALLIS, OREGON
Crescent Valley Interceptor; 10,000 feet of 36 -inch gravity
sewer up to 30 feet deep.
DONNER SUMMIT PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT
CALIFORNIA
20,000 feet of sewers and treatment plant.
DOUGLAS COUNTY
NEVADA
Pump stations and 15 miles of interceptors; 200,000 feet
of collection system.
CITY OF EUGENE
EUGENE, OREGON
Stormwater pumping station, interceptor sewers, raw sew-
age pumping stations, and primary treatment. for 78,000.
population.
Secondary treatment plant additions for 78,000 population.
Wastewater treatment plant expansion No. 2 for 400,000
equivalent population.
CITY OF PORT ANGELES
PORT ANGELES, WASHINGTON
Design of interception system for existing sewer outfalls,
including seven pumping stations, 3.2-mgd primary waste-
water treatment plant, and submarine outfall.
CITY OF REDDING
REDDING, CALIFORNIA
Interceptor sewer and treatment plant for population of
15:000.
NORTH UMPQUA SANITARY DISTRICT
ROSEBURG, OREGON
Sewers, pump station.
12./73.2
3/80
MAJOR WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM DESIGN
PROJECTS
CITY OF ROSEBURG
ROSEBURG, OREGON
Interceptor sewer and complete treatment plant for a de-
sign population of 20,000.
CITY OF WILLAMINA
WILLAMINA, OREGON
Sewers and wastewater treatment plant.
Treatment plant expansion.
WINCHESTER BAY SANITARY DISTRICT
WINCHESTER BAY, OREGON
Complete sewerage system including 13,500 feet of sewers,
0.16-mgd activated sludge plant, pump stations, and appur-
tenances.
COUNTY OF MAUI
MAUI, HAWAII
Complete sewerage system for north and south Kihei areas
of Maui involving approximately 100,000 feet of sewers and
force mains, seven pump stations, and 4-mgd activated
sludge plant with filtration.
BEAR CREEK VALLEY SANITARY AUTHORITY
JACKSON COUNTY, OREGON
94,000 feet of 18- to 72 -inch trunk sewerlines for West
Medford, South Medford, Westside Trunk Districts and
collection system for Midway service area, including pack-
age pump stations and appurtenances.
MODESTO AND TURLOCK IRRIGATION DISTRICTS
DON PEDRO RECREATION AREA, CALIFORNIA
41,000 feet of sewers, three treatment facilities with land
irrigation disposal.
MULTNOMAH COUNTY
OREGON
Two major wastewater pump stations and force mains, 12 mgd
and 9 mgd.
CITY OF McMINNVILLE
McMINNVILLE, OREGON
Four-mgd activated sludge treatment plant additions.
CITY OF NEWBERG
NEWBERG, OREGON
Wastewater treatment plant expansion; interceptor and pump
stations.
4-7
' MAJOR WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM DESIGN
• PROJECTS.
CITY OF NORMANDY PARK
NORMANDY PARK, WASHINGTON
' Sewer system, 100,000 linear feet.
NORTHWEST BOISE SEWER DISTRICT
' BOISE, IDAHO
Thirty-five miles of mains and laterals, 8- to 24 -inch.
CITY OF BURLEY
'
BURLEY, IDAHO
Design of sanitary and industrial interceptor sewers, pump
stations and wastewater treatment plant facilities. 80 acres
' of wastewater stabilization ponds to provide treatment for
a population of 17,000.
CITY OF CALDWELL
CALDWELL, IDAHO
Interceptor sewers and complete treatment plant for a
design population of 20,000.
CITY OF CAMAS
CAMAS, WASHINGTON
Four-mgd activated sludge plant with pump station, river
outfall, and sewer expansion.
CLACKAMAS COUNTY
SERVICE DISTRICT NO. 1
OREGON
Design of 10-mgd activated sludge treatment plant and
100,000 feet of 12- to 48 -inch interceptor sewer and
385,Q:0(1 feet of collection system sewers.
CLARK COUNTY
WASHINGTON
Design of interceptor, pump station, force main, treatment
plant, and outfall for Salmon Creek drainage basin.
UPPER OCCOQUAN SEWAGE AUTHORITY
MANASSAS PARK, VIRGINIA
Advanced waste treatment (15.0 mgd), interceptors (122,000
feet), five pump stations, and force mains (31,000 feet).
JOSEPHINE COUNTY
OREGON
84,300 feet 8- to 24 -inch -diameter gravity sewers.
12./73.2
3/80
r -r
MAJOR WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM DESIGN
PROJECTS
LIVERMORE-AMADOR VALLEY WATER MANAGEMENT AGENCY
PLEASANTON, CALIFORNIA
Design of interceptor, pump station and 15 miles of force
main for export of treated wastewater out of the Livermore-
Amador Valley.
TILLAMOOK CITY
TILLAMOOK, OREGON
Two-mgd plant expansion utilizing the rotating biological
contactor (RBC) process. Included pump station renova-
tion and interceptor rehabilitation work.
CITY OF GAINESVILLE
GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA
Designed master pump station, force mains, Wastewater
Treatment Plant No. 2, and Kanapaha Advanced Wastewater
Treatment Plant; designed modifications for Wastewater
Treatment Plant No. 1.
CITY OF ST. AUGUSTINE
ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA
Designed major gravity collection system and Wastewater
Treatment Plant No. 2; designed modifications for Waste-
water Treatment Plant No. 1.
CITY OF OCALA
OCALA, FLORIDA
Designed gravity sewers, force mains, and pumping sta-
tions; designed modifications for wastewater treatment plant
designed _ wastewater treatment plant.
U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS
Performed wastewater reclamation study; designed waste-
water treatment plants, wastewater pumping station modi-
fications, and wastewater system improvements; designed
gravity sewers.
CITY OF WINTER HAVEN
WINTER HAVEN, FLORIDA
Designed 5-mgd wastewater treatment spray irrigation
facility, master pump station, 25,000 feet of 30 -inch force
main, and gravity sewer program.
CITY OF WOODBURN
WOODBURN, OREGON
Consolidation of two facilities (lagoon and trickling filter
plant) into a 3.1-mgd rotating biological contactor (RBC)
plant with automatic -backwash filters. Included was major
MAJOR WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM DESIGN
PROJECTS
pump station; 11,000 feet of 18 -inch force main, outfall
and interceptor.
ARCH CAPE SANITARY DISTRICT
ARCH CAPE, OREGON
Design of 24,000 feet of 6- to 12 -inch sewers, three pump
stations, a 100,000-gpd activated sludge treatment plant
and a 7 -acre, fixed -nozzle, effluent land irrigation system.
AMERICAN SAMOA GOVERNMENT
PAGO PAGO, AMERICAN SAMOA
Design of 12,400 feet of 10- to 24 -inch interceptors, up-
grading and/or construction of sewage pump stations, reno-
vation of two primary treatment plants.
CITY OF STOCKTON
STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA
33,000 feet of force main and gravity interceptor sewer,
72./73.2
180
S.
•■ MAJOR SEWAGE PUMP STATIONS
CITY OF BELLINGHAM
BELLINGHAM, WASHINGTON
Five 400 -hp units with a total capacity of 38,400 gpm.
CITY OF ELLENSBURG
ELLENSBURG, WASHINGTON
Two 100 -hp and one 60 -hp unit with a total capacity of
10,400 gpm.
CLACKAMAS COUNTY SERVICE DISTRICT
CLACKAMAS COUNTY, OREGON
Two 150 -hp. and one 100 -hp unit with a total capacity of
18,000 gpm.
CITY OF SALEM
SALEM, OREGON
One 150 -hp and two 200 -hp units with a total capacity of
47,000 gpm.
SAND CREEK
COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO
One 350 -hp and two 450 -hp units with a total capacity of
12,300 gpm.
BEAR CREEK VALLEY SANITARY AUTHORITY
JACKSON COUNTY, OREGON
Two 200 -hp units with a total capacity of 6,900 gpm.
UNIFIED SEWERAGE AGENCY
WASHINGTON COUNTY, OREGON
Two 60 -hp, one 400 -hp, and one 100 -hp unit with a total
capacity of 54,200 gpm.
WEST IRWIN PUMP STATION
EUGENE, OREGON
Two 500 -hp units with a total capacity of 12,000 gpm.
BETHEL-DANEBO
EUGENE, OREGON
Two 200 -hp units with a total capacity of 12,000 gpm.
CITY OF ST. PETERSBURG
ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA
N. W. Pump Station, 4,150 -hp units with a total firm
capacity of 25 mgd.
./73.2
80
1-3
MAJOR SEWAGE PUMP STATIONS I
UPPER OCCOQUAN
SEWAGE AUTHORITY
MANASSAS PARK,
VIRGINIA
Five
sewage pump
stations.
Pump
Station 1:
Two 800 -hp units at 16,000
gpm each,
and two 450 -hp units
at 9,000 gpm each.
Pump
Station 2:
Two 350 -hp units at 9,000
gpm each,
and two 200 -hp units
at 6,500 gpm each.
Pump
Station 3:
Three 125 -hp units at
3,600 gpm each.
Pump
Station 4:
Three 75 -hp units at
1,800 gpm each.
Pump
Station 5:
Three 40 -hp units at
1,700 gpm each.
CITY
OF WILMINGTON
WILMINGTON,
NORTH CAROLINA
(under design)
Four
100 -hp units
with a total capacity fo
16,000 gpm.
GEORGETOWN COUNTY WATER AND SEWER AUTHORITY
GEORGETOWN, SOUTH CAROLINA
(under design)
Nine pump stations with capacity up to 650 gpm.
GRAND STRAND WATER AND SEWER AUTHORITY
CONWAY, SOUTH CAROLINA
Nineteen pump stations with capacity up to 8,100 gpm.
CITY OF BLACKFOOT
BLACKFOOT, IDAHO
Three 20 -hp, 3,500 gpm screw pumps lifting the wastewater
12 feet.
SOUTH FORK COE
WALLACE, IDAHO
Page Station:
Mullan Station:
Pinehurst Station:
Nine Mile Station:
UR d'ALENE RIVER SEWER DISTRICT
Three 75 -hp units at 3,500 gpm each.
Two 7.5 -hp units at 560 gpm each.
Two 25 -hp units at 900 gpm each.
Two 0.75 -hp units at 100 gpm each.
BOISE, IDAHO
Glenwood Station: Two 40 -hp and one 15 -hp units with a
total capacity of 2,800 gpm.
West Boise Station
NORTH ROSEBURG SANITARY DISTRICT
ROSEBURG, OREGON
Two 75 -hp pumps each with a capacity of 1,450 gpm inclu-
ding hydrogen peroxide system, standing power.
MAJOR SEWAGE PUMP STATIONS
CITY OF MADRAS
MADRAS, OREGON
Four 23 -hp pumps, two pumps in series, each with a capa-
city of 440 gpm at 123 feet head, surge protection standby
power..
CITY OF GAINESVILLE
GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA
Three variable speed pumps with total capacity of 9,000 gpm.
CITY OF STOCKTON
STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA
Three 100 -hp units and.two 150 -hp units with a total
capacity of 18,800 gpm. ,.
<CITY OF BOISE
BOISE, IDAHO
Three 125 -hp units with a total capacity of 18,000 gpm.
CITY OF LA GRANDE
LA.GRANDE, OREGON
Influent pump station with two 20 -hp units with a capacity
of .3,000 gpm.
Effluent pump station with three 100 -hp units at 2,900 gpm,
and one 30 -hp unit at 1,700 gpm.
CITY OF KIHEI
MAUI, HAWAII
Seven sewage pump stations; 6 caisson and 1 poured -in.
place, 18- to 28 -foot -diameter. Range in capacities from
425 gpm to 6,900 gpm (two 150 and two 125 -hp units).
? /73.2
180
3-3
II .
vi . HR SEWAGE PUMP STATIONS
(UP TO 55 MGD)
m
Sewage pump stations are an integral part of most municipal sewerage
systems. The topography of densely populated areas does not normally
allow transport and treatment of sewage completely by gravity. Pump
stations designed to lift the flow are located at appropriate locations in the
system to provide the most efficient transport and treatment.
CH2M HILL offers complete services for the development of sewage pump
stations, from conceptual planning through final design and construction
management. Each project is staffed with sanitary, mechanical, electrical,
hydraulics, structural, and geotechnical engineers to form a multidiscipline
team. Complete design includes soils investigations and excavation dewater-
ing system design where necessary. The project manager is the team leader
and is responsible for the project from initial conception through final con-
struction.
We have worked with large and small municipalities, sanitary districts,
and industry. Pump station projects have ranged from small 100 gallon
per minute package stations to stations with a hydraulic capacity of over
100 million gallons per day. All stations include controls to match pumping
rates with influent flow. This is normally accomplished by on -off control
in small stations; however, the larger stations include variable speed drives
and controllers to provide continuous discharge matched to influent flow.
Most large pump stations also include emergency power generation equipment
for standby operations.
A brief description of several of the pump stations recently completed by
CH2M HILL follows. - (over)
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L'
Sand Creek Pump Station, Colorado Springs,
Colorado.
Kirtland Pump Station, Medford, Oregon. This pump station
has a capacity of 20 mgd at 87 feet of head, expandable to
50 mgd. The initial design includes two variable speed pumps,
which operate in response to wet well level to match pump
capacity to influent flow. Liquid rheostat resistance units
control the speed. The station discharges to a 9,800 -foot -
long, 27 -inch -diameter force main. Surge control for the
pipeline is included at the pump station.
Sand Creek Raw Sewage Pump Station, Colorado Springs,
Colorado. This project has an ultimate capacity of 40 mgd
at 172 feet of head. The first -stage design includes two variable
speed pumps and one constant speed pump, operating in response
to wet well level to match pump capacity to influent flow.
The pump control system includes wound rotor motors with
variable secondary impedance using SCR's. The pump station
discharges through two 18,000 -foot force mains, one initial
30 -inch -diameter line and one future 36 -inch diameter line.
The station includes surge control for the force mains. The
pump station is 30 feet deep, constructed in coarse sand and
grit, with the ground water table at 20 feet.
Oak Street Raw Sewage Pump Station, Bellingham, Washington.
This station has a capacity of 55 mgd at 124 feet of head.
The station includes two variable speed and three constant
speed pumps operating in response to liquid level in a wet
well to match pump capacity to influent flow. The pump control
system includes wound rotor motors and liquid rheostat resistance
units manufactured by Flomatcher, Inc. The pump station
discharges to a 1,300 foot, 36 -inch diameter force main.
Surge control is Included. The pump station is 35 feet deep,
constructed in fine sand and silts, with ground water level
at 13 feet_
_ y
Y 7 5'^^�� YR
K ` tIar I I'urrp Sr,,;)r1 Fe.0 [ rw6 Sx i't.,,
Ai.thun1Y, "d.at u1 1 Or.,.lon
1: INTERCEPTOR SEWER, SEWAGE PUMP
STATION, AND TREATMENT HEADWORKS
CLIENT: City of Everett, Washington
Ia llte T:.l P.tl 7X4
PUMP STATION 1
SOUTH END
INTERCEPTOR
MUKILTEO-BEACH
INTERCEPTOR,
The Southwest Everett Utilities Local Improvement District (ULID) was
formed to provide sanitary sewer service to a largely undeveloped area
I. covering 2,500 acres in Southwest Everett, Washington. The Boeing
Company's 747 plant and John Fluke Industries (an electronics firm) are
located in this area, and city planning policies will concentrate most of the
city's future industrial growth there. The service area includes a popu-
7 ' - lation of about 60,000, with a population of 257,000 projected for the year
2 2030. The interceptor is sized for ultimate peak flows and will convey sewage
7 to existing treatment lagoons eight miles away in Northeast Everett. The
'3. interceptor system will be extended into South Everett in 1990.
2
c CH2M HILL provided complete services to the city, including studies, pre-
• a liminary and final designs, permitting assistance, cost estimating, soils in-
vestigations, surveying, mapping, easement preparation, and inspection '
and services during construction. We also assisted with formation of the
ULID and participated in public information meetings. Total time for
planning, ULID formation, design, and bidding of the project was approx-
imately 18 months. I
Five major components comprise the project:
• The Mukilteo Beach Interceptor, 3.1 miles of 16" to 30" gravity -pressure '
sewer at the upstream end of the project, is located in the tidal zone
along a saltwater beach parallel to an existing sewer. Limited working
time and space in the tidal area and corrosive beach sands present
unique design and construction problems.
• The Southwest Interceptor, 2.5 miles of 30" pressure and gravity -
pressure sewer, carries the sewage across the city over a 170 -foot -
high ridge. This required trench depths to 25 feet and extensive sur-
face restoration of city streets filled with existing utilities.
• The South End Interceptor, 2.3 miles of 42" and 48" gravity -pressure
sewer, conveys the sewage the remaining way to the treatment la-
goons. Much of this segment is built through soft, organic soil and
wood waste with a high water table. It also includes a 500 -foot -long
underground crossing of the Snohomish River.
• Pump Station No. 1 boosts the sewage from the Mukilteo Beach
Interceptor into the Southwest Interceptor, utilizing five variable -speed
pumps to match the broad range of flows.
• At the treatment lagoons, there is a new 125 mgd headworks facility.
It includes four 84" diameter open screw pumps, three 10 -foot -wide
mechanically cleaned bar screens, flumes for flow measurement,
two 40 -foot -diameter grit collectors, and screenings and grit handling
facilities.
Along its entire length the interceptor required three highway crossings
and 15 railroad crossings, most of which required jacking or boring. And
although most of the interceptor route is along public right-of-way, 15 to
20 easements to cross private property were required, along with 41 permits
obtained from seven public agencies.
Total project cost was $28 million, $17 million of which was funded by
ULID assessments.
I
II
0o COMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO
WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
The computer... that marvel of modern technology. Its speed and
accuracy are truly amazing. Yet, any computer's usefulness is governed
by the people who put it to work.
CH2M HI LL's people have many years of experience in the development
of computer programs that help solve wastewater management problems.
We see the computer not as a do -it -all designer, but as a tool that we
can use to save time and money for our clients --both large and small.
Engineer reviews plotted output produced
by design program.
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The computer's applications to wastewater management problems are
many, from facilities planning through collection and treatment system
design. Using the computer as a workhorse, CH2M HILL engineers
_can complete tedious calculations and examine a host of alternatives
rapidly. This allows us to select a design that is optimum in terms of
both efficiency and cost.
A computer model that we call SAM (Systems Analysis Model) was
developed by CH2M HILL for detailed analysis of storm, sanitary, and
combined sewer systems. It is straightforward and easy to use, yet
technologically sophisticated. It may be the only model of its type
that can be put to work by persons who are not computer experts or
specialists in urban hydrology. Using SAM, we helped the City or
Milwaukee, Wisconsin determine bottlenecks in their collection system
and formulate control strategies to eliminate overflows.
Artist's rendering of the Upper Occoquan
Sewage Authority's regional advanced
wastewater treatment plant in Fairfax
County, Virginia. Computer modeling
aided CH2M HILL engineers in the design
of this 22-mgd plant.
We have used the computer as a tool in
treatment plant designs for both large and
small clients in many states, including
California, Idaho, Maryland, Washington.
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SAM is
only one of
the computer
programs CH2M
HILL uses to serve
clients
in the field
of wastewater
collection. We
use others to design
plot, and
estimate
the cost of storm and sanitary
sewer systems.
One CH2M HILL computer program has provided many of our clients
with simplified cash -flow analyses through construction and financing
periods. Like many of the programs we use, it is designed for use
by clients without large staffs or access to complex computers.
We have used computer programs to optimize secondary or tertiary
treatment process designs for clients' plants across the country.
Three examples are Montgomery County, Maryland; Denver, Colorado;
and Washington County, Oregon. Another program, called HYDRO,
has been used to provide thorough, accurate hydraulic designs for
our clients' wastewater treatment plants.
These are a
few examples
of the
many ways
that CH2M HILL uses the
computer to
better serve
clients
in the field
of wastewater management.
We maintain
a library of nearly
400 general
and special purpose computer
programs in
the sanitary,
civil,
structural,
soils, architectural,
mechanical,
and electrical
fields.
CH2M HILL's
modern, in-house
DECsystem-10
computers
are connected
with
our regional offices.
•
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CIINt HILL
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O)IIoct'^n :,r Accts are
the Roar Creek
Vnllcy Sanitary 'ruthority, :.Irksnn
County,
Orenon, Ihr South Fork
Coeur d'Alene
River Sewn t)r trlct,
Nalloce, Idaho;
and the City of
Bend, Oregon.
0o COMPUTER= BASED
INSTRUMENTATION AND
CONTROL SYSTEMS
Commensurate with our firm's continuing growth and our client's increasing
need for more sophisticated plant controls, CH2M HILL has developed a
capability in the area of Computer -Based Instrumentation and Control Systems
seldom found in civil engineering consulting firms.
CH2M HILL's support capability extends from data acquisition and plant
monitoring to supervisory and direct digital control. Areas of specialization
include hardware interfacing, telecommunications, remote multiplexing,
and software development.
Examples of Computer -Based Instrumentation and Control Systems recently
designed by CH2M HILL follow:
Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority, Manassas Park, Virginia: The computer -
based plant control system for this advanced wastewater treatment plant
provides automatic data aquisitions; alarms, feed forward, feedback,
and special control algorithms; maintenance scheduling; automatic backwash
sequencing; electrical power consumption monitoring; cathode ray tube
(CRT) operator consoles; and data processing and analysis. An analog
control system provides backup on critical control loops. The remote sewage
collecting and pumping system is monitored by an audio -tone telemetry system
that is interfaced with the plant's computer complex.
Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal District No. 1, Denver, Colorado:
The instrumentation and control system for the expanded MDSS plant is
computer -based with manual and automatic analog backup controls. Operator
interface with the process is through CRT's or through panel instruments
in the event of total computer failure. A dual computer arrangement with
remote multiplexing was used. Each computer communicates directly and
independently with the field multiplexer assemblies, allowing complete
redundancy for the primary computer and its communication equipment
out to the field multiplexers.
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Metro Denver Control Center
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Denver Board of Water Commissioners, Denver, Colorado: The Foothills
Water Treatment Plant contains a hydroelectric generating station and
provides a treatment process consisting of chemical coagulation, sedimentation,
filtration, and disinfection. I
Operator interface with the process is through CRT consoles or through
the in -panel instruments in the event of computer failure. Provision is
made for future microwave telernetering equipment that will allow communica-
tion
with a central facility in Denver for transfer of plant flow and water
quality information and, eventually, for limited plant supervisory control.
A unique feature allows manual backwashing of any filter at the filter location
through a hand-held computer terminal communicating with the computer
system over the in -plant phone systern.
Water and Sewage Authority, Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies: This
water system, which includes six pump stations, a water treatment plant,
15 reservoirs, and a force main system, is provided with computer -based
supervisory system with radio telemetry. The central supervisory system
provides data acquisition, display, alarming, and remote manual control
in real time and data processing in the background mode.
ii ENERGY MANAGEMENT•
Just as it is necessary to approach decision -making about finances,
personnel, facilities, and material use in a logical manner, it is
necessary to make reasoned decisions for efficient energy use. CH2M
HILL can assist you in gaining firm control of the energy flow of
your facility and operations through the ENERGY MANAGEMENT
PROCESS. Our energy managment team --mechanical and electrical
engineers, economists, and planners --is experienced in the tasks
required to develop an energy management program for your
organization.
Beyond developing and implementing an energy management program,
CH2M HILL designs energy -efficient new construction and engineers
energy -efficient retrofits. Our capabilities include cost estimating,
value engineering, detailed design and specifications, construction
management, system startup and adjustment, preparation of training
and procedure manuals, and followup monitoring of system performance.
We can aid you in developing a management framework suitable to
your firm that will include:
• An energy accounting system
■ An employee/operator involvement program
■ An audit and subsequent analysis identifying:
No- or low-cost energy conservation measures
Quick payback energy conservation measures
Capital investment energy conservation measures
■ Procedures to comply with new and upcoming government
and utility rules and regulations
■ A forecast of fuel costs and availability
■ Emergency curtailment plans
■ Recovery of resource material from scrap
■ Use of cost-effective renewable resources
4
ii INSTRUMENTATIO N
CONTROL SYSTEMS
AND
DESIGN
To meet the increasingly varied needs of industry and utilities, CH2M HILL
has developed a wide range of expertise in the area of Instrumentation
and Control.
At present, CH2M HILL. has some 16 experienced I CC engineers among
its 13 offices. We have specialists in virtually every facet of this discipline:
analog systems (electronic & pneumatic), analytical instrumentation, electrical
-systems (motor control), solid state logic, programmable controllers,
process control computer systems, telemetry, multiplexing systems, and
systems engineering. We have many years of experience in designing
total systems for industry, military, and municipalities. As these various
projects dictate, virtually any degree of detailing can be provided by the
CH2M HILL I & C staff, from functional specifications to detailed component
design or procurement and "hands on" implementation in the field.
Examples of Instrumentation and Control Systems recently designed by
CH2M HILL follow:
Tahoe -Truckee Sewage Authority, Tahoe Vista, California: Advanced
wastewater treatment plant with all electronic control system. Programmable
controllers are provided for filter backwash sequence control.
Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal District No. 1, Denver, Colorado:
A•160-mgd primary -secondary treatment plant with dual computer -based
control system.
Denver Board of Water Commissioners, Denver, Colorado: Water treatment
plant with hydroelectric generating station. The I&C system for the plant
includes a process control computer with manual and automatic analog
backup. -
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Process and Instrumentation Diagrams (P E lost are the focal point -of
the design process.
■
Publishers Paper Company control console.
Publishers Paper Co., Oregon City, Oregon: Pneumatic -electronic control
system is provided to control pulp washing system, evaporator, boiler
and recovery furnace. MgO recovery system, and SO, absorption system.
Ketchikan Pulp Company, Ketchikan, Alaska: Primary treatment of waste-
water from barking and pulping operations with pneumatic -electronic
control system. Typical loops in the system are flow control of sludge
draw -off, sludge consistency control, and vacuum filter -variable speed
motor interlocked with safety feature for sequencing filter and press.
Lake Oswego, Oregon: Water treatment plant with pneumatic controls
and and audio -tone telemetry system for remote reservoir level monitoring.
Colorado Springs, Colorado: Primary/secondary sewage treatment plant
with electronic and pneumatic control system.
Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority, Manassas Park, Virginia: Advanced
wastewater treatment plant with electronic analog and computer -based
control system.
Salem, Oregon: Primary/high-purity oxygen -secondary sewage treatment
plant with electronic and pneumatic control system.
Water and Sewage Authority, Trinidad and Tobago: Water treatment plant
with all -electric control system. Programmable controllers are provided
for filter backwash sequencing. The system also interfaces by radio telemetry
with a computer -based supervisory system.
Unified Sewerage Agency, Hillsboro, Oregon: Advanced waste treatment
plant with all -electronic control system.
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HE VALUE
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ENGINEERING
Teamwork is basic to the concept of value engineering (VE). Today,
design architects, engineers, and owners must work together efficiently
to achieve a cost-effective, technically sound design. The goal of VE
is to reduce not only capital costs but also operations, maintenance,
and replacement costs. Through life -cycle cost analysis of designs, a
VE study can significantly reduce overall project costs. CH2M HILL's
professionals work directly with our client's staff or, if desired,
independently to optimize life -cycle costs.
VE is required on most large federally funded projects and is strongly
recommended for most smaller projects. The Environmental Protection
Agency; the Army Corps of Engineers; the Department of Health,
Education and Welfare; the Veterans' Administration; the General Services
Administration; and the Department of Defense all have active VE programs.
CH2M HILL has been a leader in developing and implementing VE procedures
for public projects funded by these Federal agencies, as well as for
projects for private industry and municipalities.
VE is not a traditional cost-cutting technique, although it is related to
some systems used by thorough design engineers. Our approach to VE
consists of a systematic five -step procedure that enables VE teams to
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The earlier VE is applied, the greater i. '
the potential for savings. .I: I
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POTENTIAL SAVINGS DURING
LIFE - CYCLE
focus on the costs of fundamental and secondary functions of a design.
The objective is to revise, combine, or eliminate functions and find
innovative solutions. While a design engineer not using VE methods will
usually think in terms of the costs of alternative HVAC systems, a VE
team will analyze many creative means of accomplishing the function
"control temperature." This functional analysis technique allows the VE
team to think in broad terms and consider such alternatives as building
orientation, reflective roofing, and landscaping.
The VE team spends most of its time examining basic functions that
have a "high cost -to -worth" ratio, using a formalized, creative process
to brainstorm alternative methods for achieving those functions adequately
but more economically than the original design. The apparent viability
of these ideas is tested by economic and technical feasibility calculations.
Those ideas showing most potential for meeting functional needs and
resulting in cost savings are developed to a predesign stage and pre-
sented as alternative design proposals, along with a breakdown of
life -cycle costs showing both capital and future savings. A decision
board, composed of representatives from the client, the designer, and,
if appropriate, regulatory agencies, weighs the merits of the proposals
and decides whether to incorporate them into the final design.
VE studies can be performed at any time during a design effort, but
usually more savings can be made during the early stages of design,
when the resistance to change and redesign costs are less. Most of
CH2M HILL's studies start when design is 25 percent complete. Some
larger projects may require several VE teams, working at different
times and focusing on portions of the design. -
Over 250 members of CH2M HILL's staff are familiar with VE methodo-
logy and have actual VE project experience. All our VE team coordinators
and team leaders are experienced design professionals who have attended
authorized VE-training workshops. As a result, our VE proposals
reflect both value engineering and professional design expertise.
Typical studies have saved our clients $20 for every $1 spent on the
VE effort, while documenting our methodical design review procedures.
ii PLANT OPERATIONS SERVICES
2M HILL's plant operations team pro-
ed a full range of services at the City
Colorado Springs' 30-mgd secondary
atment plant.
Efficient wastewater treatment plant operation is vitally important to effective
pollution control, especially with today's increasingly complex treatment
systems. To better serve our clients, CH2M HILL has developed a team of
experts specializing in operator training, the preparation of operation
and maintenance manuals, plant startup, and system troubleshooting.
These experts -- a senior operations consultant and sanitary, mechanical,
and electrical engineers -- have an abundant store of practical operational
knowledge and experience. They have assisted clients in the operation of
hundreds of plants, large and small, conventional and tertiary. They are
often retained as independent operational consultants.
Another testimony to CH2M HILL's expertise in plant operation is our assist-
ance to State and Federal agencies in the preparation of manuals and guide-
lines such as "Estimating Staffing for Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Facilities," for the EPA and the State of Washington's "Wastewater Plant
Operator's Manual."
CH2M HILL's "plant operations" team offers the following services.
PREPARATION OF DETAILED OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUALS
• Detailed step-by-step procedures for the complete operation of waste-
water treatment facilities, including maintenance, laboratory proce-
dures, safety programs, records, and personnel management. All
operating manuals exceed the EPA guidelines.
• Tables and figures that help the operating staff understand the purpose
function, and operation of the facility.
• Complete guidelines for attaining the most efficient and economical
system performance.
• Descriptive theory of al I unit processes.
OPERATOR TRAINING
• Recommend staffing and qualifications of operating personnel.
• Job classification and description, including civil -service -type job
descriptions.
(over)
I
■ Formal classroom instruction on all unit processes.
■ Complete on-the-job training.
■ Preparation of plant operating personnel to meet state certification.
PLANT STARTUP AND OPERATION
In servinq th• South Tahoe PUD, CH2M
IIILI pr— .'dud seve%al years of plant
operalnin svrc.cus of the? S mgd South
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i t j p r u A u I.' d n m a u r C n n l r i
bu'um '1ul.ry', AIv3lced wastewater
treatment luc hnoingv
■ Assistance in plant startup and initial operation.
■ Full responsibility for initial and prolonged operation to demonstrate
treatment capabilities.
• Operating personnel review, evaluation, testing, and training.
■ Complete supervision of systems operation.
TROUBLESHOOTING '
■ Provide technical assistance to solve plant operational problems.
■ Assistance in upgrading operation capabilities, plant maintenance,
laboratory, and other related programs.
■ Onsite plant assistance in implementing plant upgrading programs.
■ Consultation with management and operating personnel.
LABORATORY SERVICES
• Experienced personnel to assist in plant lab functions.
■ Specifications for lab equipment and supplies.
■ Lab layout, activity scheduling, and instruction in analytical
procedures.
■ Lab tests for process control or discharge permit requirements
I. ::OPERATOR TRAINING AND
r •
PLA`NT'STARTUP PROGRAM
CLIENT: Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority
Fairfax County, Virginia
CH2M HILL's responsibilities as consulting engineers for the
Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority's regional 15.0 -million -
gallon -per -day (mgd) advanced wastewater treatment
(AWT) plant were characterized by- complete involvement in
all aspects of the project. This included training the
operational staff, both supervisory and general, supervising
plant startup of all unit processes, and providing compre-
hensive operations assistance service to the Authority
during the first year of operation:'
Treated effluent from this AWT .plant is discharged into the
Occoquan Reservoir,' source of raw. water for 660,000 northern
Virginians living in the suburbs of Washington, D.C. The
effluent's near drinking water quality is achieved through
unit processes which include: activated sludge secondary
treatment; lime -treatment, recarbonation, filtration, nitrogen.
removal by ion exchange, carbon adsorption, and breakpoint
chlorination.
Extensive redundant designfeatures are incorporated at
critical mechanical and electrical points. Sophisticated
duplicate computer systems -control and monitor chemical
feeders, composite samplers, rapid mix and recarbonation
pH, the aeration basins' dissolved oxygen, the filter back-
wash cycles, and the sequencing of the ion exchange media
regeneration system.
Because of the complexity of the plant and the fact that it
was a,totaliy new facility with no performance history, a
two -phased training approach was planned and implemented.
Phase .1 involved key Authority operations staff in a 10 -week
training program acquainting them with the overall operation
and maintenance requirements- associated with all treatment
processes. Phase 11 provided the general staff with 5 weeks
of intensive training in operatirigxand maintaining equipment
associated with., one of- the;five:specific process groups to.
which they were --assigned'. ,Th& five, process groups were
conventional (primary -secondary). treatment, chemical treat
ment, advanced• waste- treatment., organic and chemical solids
handling, and pump stations.
u
Instruction techniques included classroom and hands-on
sessions, with regular formal testing and informal review to
assess progress. Teaching materials included a nine -volume
OSM manual prepared by CH2M HILL. Key Authority staff
were instructed by CH2M HILL design engineers. Upon
completion of their indoctrination, the key staff were given
the responsibility to instruct the general staff under the
supervision of assigned CH2M HILL design engineers.
Preparation of lesson plans by the key staff was part of
their training program, a program modification that saved
the Authority $25,000 in engineering fees. Copies of all
training lesson plans, exhibits, and tests were left on file
with the Authority to facilitate future training,
4
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LOSA ole rater (left) cad (1121,1 HILL
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per to rnsmce.
AI ore of hto moor control conturs,
L OSA personnel cnu , drhode rep tunic
consoles to nperete lie control system.
CH2M HILL engineering staff members were responsible for
supervising plant startup operations. Original plans called
for a week of operating the facility with clean water.
However, imminent discharge permit expiration at 11 plants
being replaced by the new facility forced startup without
clean water shakedown and before construction was completed.
CH2M HILL responded to this stressed startup circumstance
with an intensive program of equipment troubleshooting by
each process group startup engineer. Additional instrumen-
tation and control support was brought in to assist in
control loop troubleshooting and tuning.
Within 3 days of accepting sewage, the effluent from the
chlorine contact basin was of noticeably high quality --turbidity
was consistently below 0.4 NTU. Nevertheless, re -treatment
of the plant effluent was instituted for 2 weeks to assess
the operational reliability of the on-line equipment and
determine the effluent suitability for discharge. Throughout
the first year of operation, the facility maintained extremely
high effluent quality without interruption.
HR CONSTRUCTION COST
ESTIMATING`4
66" diameter Trunk Sewer for the Seattle,
Washington Storm Sewer Separation.
� Yr:
Repairing a Collapsed Quaywall at the
Swan Island Ship Repair Yard, Portland,
Oregon.
CH2M HILL has estimated construction costs for a wide variety of projects
during its working span of over three decades. Some examples are water
and wastewater collection, treatment, and dispersion; transportation systems
marinas, ports, bridges; energy development, transmission and distribution;
industrial complexes; solid waste processing,- resource recovery, and
energy production.
The geographic area where we produce construction cost estimates is wide.
Although most of the estimates have been made for projects in the 48 contiguous
states, the firm has estimated construction costs in Alaska. Hawaii, the
Caribbean, the Central Pacific, the Mid East, and the Far East.
The types of estimates range from the conceptual, which is often used
for comprehensive plans and predesign reports, to the most definitive
type - the engineer's estimate, which is commonly used as a reference
for comparing contractors' bids. The estimating staff also regularly produces
estimates used during various stages of a study, design,or even during
construction.
Most of CH2M HILL's projects require estimates of construction cost and,
as a result, a vast wealth of cost data has been accumulated. These data
are regularly updated and easily accessible to our engineers, economists,
planners, and scientists for their projects.
As a part of Construction Management Services (CMS) , the estimating
group provides technical assistance on studies, construction projects,
value engineering, and construction program scheduling.
.. 4
The Bellingham. Washington, Sewage Treatment Plant.
..r
■■
■■ CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATES
SALMON CREEK SEWERAGE PROJECT
CLARK COUNTY, WASHINGTON
Secondary treatment plant. Engineer's estimate $336,725; low
bid $313,671; high bid $427,299.
CITY OF BELLINGHAM
BELLINGHAM, WASHINGTON
Post Point pollution control plant. Several contracts involving
interceptor sewer, pressure line, pump station and telemeter-
ing, plant site preparation, and outfall. Engineer's estimate
$7,212,675; low bid $6,995,209; high bid $10,404,960.
METROPOLITAN DENVER SEWAGE DISPOSAL DISTRICT #1
DENVER, COLORADO
Sewage treatment plant expansion. Engineer's estimate
$32,299,400; low bid $30,347,789; high bid $47,428,251.
CITY OF IDAHO FALLS
IDAHO FALLS, IDAHO
Water pollution control plant expansion. Engineer's estimate
$4,150,000; low bid $3,888,227; high bid $4,714,311.
KELLOGG CREEK
CLACKAMAS COUNTY SERVICE DISTRICT #1
CLACKAMAS COUNTY, WASHINGTON
Kellogg Creek pollution control plant. Engineer's estimate
$3,660,640; low bid $3,553,205; high bid $4,196,400.
U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
FORT LEWIS, WASHINGTON
Design Fort Lewis sewage treatment plant improvements. En-
gineer's estimate $2,808,500; low bid $2,788,000; high bid
$3,788,385.
PORT OF UMATILLA
UMATILLA, OREGON
Design of railroad to serve dock, waterfront area, and indus-
tries. Engineer's estimate $145,093; low bid $133,475; high
bid $232,620.
Design of railroad. extension and lead track. Engineer's esti-
mate $95,218; low bid $56,363; high bid $93,873.
PORT OF LEWISTON
LEWISTON, IDAHO
Design of railroad to serve port, spurs, and crossing. Engi-
neer's estimate $240,311; low bid $189,838; high bid $326,502.
1-4
CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATES
CITY OF PORT ANGELES
PORT ANGELES, WASHINGTON
Design street improvements. Engineer's estimate $68,927; low
bid $62,323; high bid $63,408.
CITY OF YAKIMA
YAKIMA, WASHINGTON
Design of 1 .0 -mg presstressed concrete and 6.0 -mg concrete
reservoirs. Engineer's estimate $411,474; low bid $408,510;
high bid $627,270.
CITY OF AURORA
AURORA, COLORADO
Design expansion of city water distribution system. Engineer's
estimate $76,798; low bid $69,880; high bid $109,664.
CITY OF KENNEWICK
KENNEWICK, WASHINGTON
Design southeast area mains. Engineer's estimate $203, 658;
low bid $181,177; high bid $223,067.
WHATCOM COUNTY PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT
WHATCOM COUNTY, WASHINGTON
Design 4.6 -mile and 7.5 -mile 24 -inch, 200 -psi pipelines. En-
gineer's estimate $1,178,046; low bid $1,006,470; high bid
$1,410,864.
CITY OF TURLOCK
TURLOCK, CALIFORNIA
Wastewater treatment plant. Engineer's estimate $12,600,000;
low bid $11,685,487; high bid $13,969,000.
CITY OF MERCED
MERCED, CALIFORNIA
Improvements on a 10-mgd wastewater treatment plant. Engi-
neer's estimate $10,989,000; low bid $9,798,000; high bid
$12,679,000.
Land application facilities on a wastewater project. Develop-
ment of approximately 600 acres for wastewater irrigation,
approximately 9,100 feet of concrete -lined ditch, return flow
pump station, effluent pump station, and other site development
work. Engineer's estimate $1,785,000; low bid $2,047,299;
high bid $2,048,399.
CITY OF ALACHUA
ALACHUA, FLORIDA
Water district system. Engineer's estimate $844,176; low bid
$656,200; high bid $924,600.
2-4
CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATES
CITY OF NAPLES, FLORIDA
NAPLES, FLORIDA
Water treatment plant expansion. Engineer's estimate $4,149,363;
low bid $4,187,000; high bid $4,480,000.
CITY OF ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA
ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA
Municipal yacht pier improvements. Engineer's estimate
$301,400; low bid $307,500; high bid $338,000.
COUNTY OF EDGEFIELD, SOUTH CAROLINA
GRAND STRAND, SOUTH CAROLINA
Edgefield County Water and Sewage Authority. Engineer's
estimate $942,100; low bid $959,800; high bid $1,040,220.
CENTRAL OREGON IRRIGATION DISTRICT
REDMOND, OREGON
Structure replacement project. Lateral flumes Schedule B & C.
Replacement of eight flumes of various sizes with an approxi-
mate total length of 6,670 feet. Engineer's estimate $214,000;
low bid $158,879; high bid $290,728.
CENTRAL NEBRASKA PUBLIC POWER AND IRRIGATION
DISTRICT
HOLDREGE, NEBRASKA
Schedule E - Canal Enlargement for E-65 System of approxi-
mately 13 miles of existing canal and construction of access
road, boat ramp, and inlet -outlet canal from the proposed pump
station. Engineer's estimate $1,571,520; low bid $1,182,542;
high bid $2,986,192.
SELAH-MOXEE IRRIGATION DISTRICT
YAKIMA, WASHINGTON
Flume replacement project. Replacement of three wood stave
flumes with 72 -inch -diameter siphons. Engineer's estimate
$190,693.44; low bid $168,091.68; high bid $322,415.27.
SHASTA VIEW IRRIGATION DISTRICT
MALIN, OREGON
Schedule A - Pressure Pipeline and Reservoir. Installation of
approximately 17 miles of various diameter pressure pipeline,
84 farm turnouts of various sizes, and a 45 -acre-feet earth em-
bankment reservoir. Engineer's estimate $2,073,900; low bid
$1,906,435; high bid $2,740,943.
Schedule B - Pump Stations and Regulating Tank. Installation
of a 3,400 -hp main pump station and intake structure, 1,245 -hp
booster pump station, and 180,000 -gallon regulating tank. En-
gineer's estimate $704,400; low bid $700,300; high bid $774,272
3-4
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CONSTRUCTION COST ESTIMATES
McCAIN FOODS, LTD.
WASHBURN, MAINE
Wastewater treatment facility for a potato processing plant. It
includes primary clarification followed by flood field irrigation
with primary solids dewatering and grease recovery. Engineer's
estimate $1,274,000; the bid $1,224,644.
NO ENVIRONMENTAL CAPABILITIES
CH2M HILL's environmental groups are structured to provide our
clients with a comprehensive range of services. The firm can
conduct small baseline studies or manage and carry out complex
projects involving a variety of specialists. Our services include
baseline studies, public involvement programs, and the preparation
of comprehensive formal environmental assessment documents
responsive to state and Federal guidelines. We also conduct
specialized environmental studies in high technology areas.
Facilities at CH2M HILL include in-house computer systems with
ties to remote computer centers; technical libraries; complete
printing facilities; and biological, soils, water, and chemical
laboratories. We also have complete sets of equipment for air,
water, geological, or biological field studies. An important adjunct
to our environmental work are CH2M HILL's capabilities in aerial
photography and photogrammetry. We own and operate our own
aircraft and maintain extensively equipped laboratory facilities.
Recognizing that today's projects require communication and
interaction among diverse technologies, CH2M HILL is organized
on the basis of mutually supporting technical fields. Typically,
an environmental engineer, planner, or scientist has major responsi-
bility as project manager and utilizes staff members from other
fields to assist in various elements of the project. Occasionally,
CH2M HILL retains outside specialists when knowledge of local
conditions or need for special expertise is warranted by the needs
of the job. The major fields involved in environmental assessments/
impact statements are briefly described below.
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
CH2M HILL's Environmental Planning Group has successfully
completed major environmental studies for a wide range of clients
throughout the United States. These have included draft environ-
mental impact statements, environmental assessments, and baseline
studies: Projects evaluated include mining development; industrial
sitings;. interstate and other highways; bridges; dams; hydroprojects;
water supply and water resources systems; utility rate increases;
power generation facilities; and electric, gas, and oil transmission
corridors. The members of.the planning staff are highly skilled,
holding degrees in architecture, engineering, the social sciences,
and planning. This diversity of.background has resulted in
strong, balanced, workable solutions to planning and environmental
problems.
ECONOMICS
The Economics Grou• p is an integral part of CH2M HILL's environ-
mental services. It regularly provides economic impact evaluations
both as independent programs and as input to larger environmental
impact and planning studies. These evaluations assess the primary
• impact of project construction and the secondary impacts on the
surrounding community in terms of employment and multiplier
effects on spending.
In addition to economic impact studies, the Economics Group
offers comprehensive services including feasibility studies, regional
and land economics, industrial development studies, market trend
forecasting, rate studies, resources and energy economics, fisheries
economics, and utility and transportation economics.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CH2M HILL's Environmental Sciences Group is staffed by experi-
enced professional scientists and engineers in the fields of aquatic,
marine, and terrestrial biology; fisheries; oceanography; chemistry;
soil sciences; limnology; geography; aerial photo interpretation;
geology; hydrology; climatology; and ecology. The group functions
both as a service organization, supporting CI -12M HILL engineering
projects, and as a complete environmental consultant to industries,
municipalities, utilities, and state and Federal agencies.
The Environmental Sciences Group conducts studies ranging from
routine field surveys to special effects studies, highly sophisticated
laboratory analyses, and computer simulation programs. The
group is responsible for scientific analyses for environmental
impact statements, wetland evaluation and enhancement, industrial
process investigations, natural resources planning, fish hatcheries
and aquaculture, air quality analyses, noise studies, wastewater
discharge monitoring, testing for discharge permits, and testing
related to pilot plant studies. Extensive field investigations for
developing data bases are conducted when necessary.
LABORATORY CAPABILITIES
Modern, well-equipped testing laboratories form an integral part
of CH2M HILL's complete environmental services. The firm's
laboratories are located in Corvallis, Oregon; Redding, California;
Montgomery, Alabama; and Gainesville, Florida. These laboratories
provide facilities for air quality analyses, traffic noise evaluation,
biological studies, bacteriological and chemical analyses, and soils
testing. In addition, we have a biological taxonomy and testing
laboratory in San Francisco, California, with supplementary aquatic
and terrestrial laboratory facilities in other offices.
ENGINEERING
CH2M HILL's complete engineering specialties are available as
needed for environmental studies. Our engineering capabilities
cover virtually every aspect of the field. Environmental impact
teams generally include our specialists in water supply and water
resources development, waste systems, transportation and traffic
control, noise and air quality control, industrial plants and processes,
civil and structural engineering, electrical power systems, energy
conversions, resource utilization, and conservation.
COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
Community involvement programs are required by an increasing
number of agencies and are an essential part of CH2M HILL
environmental impact projects. The approach is tailored to the
needs of the project and community. A wide range of techniques
has been developed, such as audio-visual aids, workshop meetings,
special newspaper supplements, and use of public media. The
purpose of the community involvement program is to obtain citizen's
input early in the planning process to avoid last-minute adverse
reactions that often result from inadequate or incorrect information.
We have also had extensive experience in formal environmental
impact hearings at local, state, and Federal levels.
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FLOOD PLAIN ANALYSES EXPERIENCE
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Near Ander BRIDGE CROSSING / / / / / / / aFor nd OLitig Litigation
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Y V BUTTE CREEK PROJECT / / / / / / *Levees
South of Chico, California V/ Y V V Upstream Diversions
CHEROKEE CREEK
_ Butte County, California
EEL
RIVER BRIDGE / . v/ v/ / / / ,/ / \//
Near Lake Pillsbury �/ �/ v/
NORTH FORK CACHE CREEK / /. / / / / / / - For Flood Plain
Lake County, California �/ �/ �/ �/ �/ �/ �/ �/
SCOTT RIVER / . / / / / / Erosion and
Siskiyou County, California �/ �I �/ V.�/ V/ V/ Debris Damage
CHURN CREEK F.C. PROJECT ✓ / / , / V. Plan
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Shasta County, California �/ �/ V
COLUa County,
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COLUSCounty, California V �/ •�// / V V / KScour and
Del Norte County, California RIVER ✓ ✓ V V ✓ ✓ ✓ V ✓ Tidal Effects
INDIANCREEKMATH ✓ / / _ / / / ✓ /
Siskiyou County, California
HUMBOLDTev RIVER ETRIBUTARIES - ✓ v' v' v' v' t' /'Memorandum
Nevada Design
Shasta County. California WENTZ CREEK ✓ ✓ V' V.' v" v' UrbanStudy Drainage
S.F. TULE RIVER / �/ / _ �/ / ✓ �// ,/'✓
East off Bakersfield, California 1/
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Below Anderson, California
SACRAMENTO PROFILE ANALYSIS / / v✓ V.
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STORMWATER MAN,. PLAN ✓ / / / / v'✓ /' ✓ Fl�Plain Analysis Profile Montgomery County, Maryland V/ V/ V/ �/
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Dam Break -Inundation �/ �/ �/
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:: SEVERN RUN WATERSHED
MANAGEMENT STUDY
CLIENT: Anne Arundel County, Maryland
In the late 1970's, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, initiated
a program to study all major watersheds in the county.
The program's chief goals were to protect human and animal
life from flood hazards and to improve and preserve natural.
resources being threatened by erosion,. flooding, and degraded
water quality. The County Office of Planning and Zoning
retained CH2M HILL to assist in the preparation of the
Severn Run Watershed Management Study,
General Location Map of Severn Run Watershed. . - _. .
Severn Run, the only stream classified as a recreational
trout stream in the county, is the primary source of
freshwater inflow to the Severn River, a tidal estuary of
the Chesapeake Bay. The watershed comprises an area of
approximately 24 square miles in the. northwestern portion
of the county. Existing land use is predominantly forest
and agriculture.
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Arrow show. 100 -year flood ele atlon.
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Irom dump.
Because the project was the first of its kind to be conducted
by the County, the study served as a prototype and assisted
in identifying watershed management concerns on a countywide
basis. The project's structure and success were certain to
affect the public's and other government agencies' acceptance
of the watershed management program.
One of the most important elements of the program was the
active involvement of a citizens advisory committee and a
technical committee. These groups met with representatives
of the County and CH2M HILL every 6 weeks during the
effort's initial phases.
Working with the citizens group and the County, CH2M
HILL prioritized the problems that had been identified
(flooding, erosion and sedimentation, and water quality
degradation) and developed recommendations for their
solution. This close coordination resulted in a watershed
management plan that was both responsive to local needs
and acceptable to the public.
The Severn Run Watershed Management Study focused on
four major problem areas: flooding, construction site
erosion and sedimentation, stream channel erosion, and
protection of water quality and the environment. To deter-
mine the potential flooding problem, CH2M HILL simulated
the watershed hydrology using the Soil Conservation Service's
computer model T R20 for the 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and
100 -year storms. Water surface elevations for the floods
resulting from these storms were determined using the
Corps of Engineers' HEC-2 backwater hydraulic model for
22 miles of stream.
Based on these model results, flood -plain maps for major
streams within the watershed were prepared. These maps
can be used to delineate the 100 -year flood plain for use in
the regulation of development.
At the County's request, CH2M HILL also conducted a
critical, independent review of state and county ordinances
relating to watershed management ordinances and developed
recommendations for new county ordinances and improved
methods of enforcing existing laws. One key result of the
study has been the formation of a county program designed
to continue implementation of the stormwater management
recommendations developed during the study and to ensure
that watershed concerns are addressed in future county
plans.
DC WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT STUDY -
00 Yakima River Basin
CLIENT: Washington Department of Ecology
The Washington Department of Ecology selected CH2M HILL
to develop a plan for managing the quality of water in the
Yakima River Basin. The study was to evaluate the current
water quality and to develop plans for improving the quality.
Such plans would have to make recommendations for reducing
the level of pollutants flowing from croplands, rangelands,
feedlots, dairies, municipalities, and industries.
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'needed as well as water quality samples.
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The scope of study required analysis of the quality of water
in the Yakima River from the city of Cle Elum down to the
mouth of the river. Samples for analysis were taken from
return flows to the river, from the effluent from municipal
waste treatment plants, and from the river.
I Reports based on the study described the present water quality
conditions in the basin and contain recommendations for
improvements in municipal and industrial waste treatment;
handling of runoff from feedlots and dairies, and recommended
further study into ways of managing wastes from agricultural
operations.
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CH2M
CHILL
Wastewater
Management
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CH2M HILL offers comprehen-
1 sive planning, design and project
management services for the full
range of wastewater system com-
ponents —collection, transmission,
' treatment, and sludge and effluent
disposal or reuse. Our reputation is
based on over 30 years of provid-
' ing simple, cost-effective and easy -
to -operate systems. In addition to
offering personal knowledge of
' local conditions, each of our
regional offices is able to quickly
assemble a complete project team
' with access to the technical sup-
port capabilities of the entire firm.
For the small and medium-sized
municipalities which make up the
majority of our clients, this means
getting the right skills at the right
time to meet the particular de-
mands of a project, no matter how
large or small.
Our experience with local reg-
ulatory agencies, grant application
procedures and funding priority
lists allows us to assist municipali-
ties with the project funding proc-
ess. Our knowledge of regulatory
requirements facilitates proper
preparation of the necessary plans
for agency review, saving clients
' both time and money. We also de-
velop grant applications and, when
desired, help administer grants.
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FACILITIES
PLANNING
CH2M HILL offers complete
services for both EPA- and locally
funded facilities planning projects.
We efficiently carry out and coor-
dinate the required studies and
evaluations, allowing the majority
of project dollars to be spent
where they are most needed —
solving our clients' specific waste-
water system problems.
Federal law requires munici-
palities to submit an EPA- and
state -approved plan to qualify for
financing of major wastewater
treatment facilities. These "201"
facilities plans must include popu-
lation and service area projections,
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an infiltration/inflow (I/I) analysis,
a public involvement program, an
environmental impact assessment,
and an evaluation of collection
and treatment system alternatives.
An I/I analysis consists of
plant record reviews, flow monitor-
ing and measuring at key man-
holes, and computation of wet- and
dry -weather flow ratios. These ac-
tivities enable us to estimate the
I/I in a system and compare the
cost of treatment with the cost of
sewer rehabilitation. If there is ex-
cessive I/I, we conduct a sewer sys-
tem evaluation survey, using our
own staff or working together with
the client, to analyze the problem
in more detail, recommend correc-
tive actions, and determine their
costs and alternative cost trade-offs.
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With experience in over 1,500
wastewater projects, CH2M HILL
can quickly evaluate feasible alter-
'natives and concentrate on those
that are most promising. Develop-
ment of innovative/alternative so-
'lutions to wastewater problems has
been a hallmark of CH2M HILL's
services for years. Application of
'these technologies represents an
opportunity to increase federal
funding and can result in lower
'operating costs. When evaluating
the suitability of such applications,
CH2M HILL gives special consider-
'ation to simplicity and ease of oper-
ation. Although we have applied
advanced technologies to meet
stringent discharge standards, cost-
'
effectiveness and energy conserva-
tion have been equally important
in selecting appropriate treatment
and disposal systems. In fact, the
average CH2M HILL -designed We give special
treatment plant costs less to con
-
Istruct than EPA's average of all consideration to
consultant -designed facilities. cost-effectiveness
As part of facilities plans,
'CH2M HILL formulates financial and ease of
plans to determine the most suit-
able means of funding wastewater operation.
'projects. Some plans are simple;
others are complex, involving mul-
tiple revenue sources. With our as-
'sistance, municipalities can more
easily develop ordinances and pro-
cedures to provide needed revenue
'to meet short- and long-term proj-
ect expenditures. We help organize
local improvement districts, publi-
cize bond issue elections and pre-
pare audiovisual presentations for
use in public participation meet-
ings. In addition to economic and
'
financial services in connection
with engineering projects, our eco-
nomics staff can provide rate
'studies, cost recovery analyses and
cash flow projections.
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,._ DESIGN
SERVICES
CH2M HILL has designed
wastewater collection, treatment
and disposal systems for munici-
palities throughout the United
States. On each project, communi-
cation —the ability to both listen
and respond —plays an important
role. Our project team is headed
by a manager who meets regularly
with the client, creating clear lines
of communication, efficient use of
our capabilities and a thorough
discussion of major decisions affect-
ing final design.
Collection Systems
Sound design of pipelines is
the foundation of our services on
sewer projects. This includes selec-
tion of materials and preparation
of specifications, estimates and
contract documents. We have de-
signed, managed and inspected
thousands of miles of sewers for
municipalities and private devel-
opers. We can also provide survey-
ing, aerial mapping, geotechnical
and environmental assessment
services, and assistance with finan-
cial arrangements.
Pump Stations
Pump stations are an integral
part of many wastewater collec-
tion systems. We offer complete
services for the design of all types
of sewage pump stations from
package units to custom-built sta-
tions. Our capabilities include
surge analysis, odor control, soils
investigations and excavation de -
watering system design.
Treatment Facilities
Serving both municipal and in-
dustrial clients, we have designed
treatment plants ranging in size
from 0.1 mgd to over 100 mgd.
Our design approach uses innova-
tive production techniques such as
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'detailed design instructions, ad-
vanced facilities predesigns, proc-
ess and instrumentation diagrams,
and operability reviews. Using
these techniques, we formalize the
details of plant operations before
'proceeding with final design. This
approach allows us to complete
the design with a minimum of last-
'minute changes while keeping the
client fully informed.
CH2M HILL has played a lead-
ing role in the advancement of
wastewater treatment technology.
This experience is used to develop
effective, reliable systems. In
'
approaching a project, we careful-
ly consider such factors as sewage
characteristics, water -quality ob-
'jectives, reuse requirements, finan-
cial capabilities, energy conserva-
tion, environmental effects and the
1 practicality of modifying existing
facilities.
Solids Handling
' The overall success of a
wastewater management program
often hinges on the effectiveness
'of its solids management system.
CH2M HILL has experience with
all types of dewatering systems.
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We have also recommended and
designed systems for agricultural
land application of liquid digested
sludge. To achieve a successful re-
use plan, we can develop market-
ing programs and assist in estab-
'lishing delivery systems to trans-
port the materials for reuse.
Effluent Reuse
'In many cases, it is also feasi-
ble to reuse the "water" in waste-
water for beneficial purposes.
1 CH2M HILL has developed efflu-
ent irrigation systems throughout
the country. Our capabilities in -
tclude feasibility studies, site selec-
tion, environmental studies, agri-
cultural development services, site
'management and monitoring, as
well as preliminary and final design.
Construction of
the average
CH2M HILL -
designed
facility costs less
than the EPA
average.
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SERVICES DURING
CONSTRUCTON
CH2M HILL's services con-
tinue through the construction
phase of a project, when ideas and
concepts are transformed into a
completed facility. To help attain
quality construction, CH2M HILL
resident engineers and inspectors
work diligently so that design con-
cepts are accurately carried
through to completion. We work
with the owner, project design
team and contractors to monitor
compliance with the intent of con-
tract plans and specifications.
We also offer construction
management services that speed
up project completion by overlap-
ping design and construction activ-
ities. The level of our involvement
in construction management is de-
termined by an evaluation of the
requirements of each project.
OPERATIONS
SERVICES
No matter how well a waste-
water facility is planned, designed
and constructed, it still depends on
proper operating procedures to
function smoothly on a day-to-day
basis.
CH2M HILL performs plant
evaluations and provides guidance
in operator training, startup, opera-
tions assistance, development of
maintenance procedures and
troubleshooting. In addition, our
staff offers complete O&M manual
preparation services.
On any project, we can
assume limited or major responsi-
bility for operations on a tem-
porary or ongoing basis, providing
clients with the degree of assist-
ance they require.
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Our in-house operations
staff provides services
to help today's
treatment systems
function efficiently.
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SUPPORT
SERVICES
CH2M HILL's flexibility is evi-
dent in the variety of ways we
serve our clients. Services that we
provide as part of multi -faceted
wastewater projects are also avail-
able separately. These include:
Environmental Services
Geotechnical Services
Surveying and Photo-
grammetry
Structural, Mechanical and
Electrical Engineering
Sewer User Rate Analyses
Operations and Maintenance
Services
Computer Services
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CH2M
::HILL
engineers
planners
economists
scientists
Northwest District Offices
Anchorage 2550 Denali Street, 8th Floor, Anchorage, Alaska 99503 907/278-2551
Corvallis 1600 S.W. Western Blvd., Corvallis, Oregon 97330 503/752-4271
Maui 450-H Kaahumanu Avenue, Kahului, Maui, Hawaii 96732 808/877-2856
Portland 200 S.W. Market Street, Portland, Oregon 97201 503/224-9190
Seattle 1500 -114th Avenue S.E., Bellevue, Washington 98004 206/453-5000
Spokane W. 905 Riverside Ave., Suite 507, Spokane, Washington 99201 509/747-2000
Yakima 1800 Rainier Place, Yakima, Washington 98903 5091248-9210
Southwest District Offices
Los Angeles 1301 Dove Street, Suite 800, Newport Beach, California 92660 714/975-1000
Redding 1525 Court Street, Redding, California 96001 9161243-5831
Sacramento 555 Capitol Mall, Suite 1290, Sacramento, California 95814 916/441-3955
San Diego 110 W. C Street, Suite 905, San Diego, California 92101 714/239-9661
San Francisco 450 Sansome Street, San Francisco, California 94111 415/398-8950
Central District Offices
Boise 700 Clearwater Lane, Boise, Idaho 83707 208/345-5310
Denver P.O. Box 22508, Denver, Colorado 80222 303/771-0900
Milwaukee 2929 N. Mayfair Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53222 4141774-5530
Milwaukee (Project) 743 N. Water Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 414/276-0300
St. Louis 12 Maryland Plaza, St. Louis, Missouri 63108 314/361-4600
Salt Lake City 187 Wright Brothers Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116 801/539-0070
Eastern District Offices
Atlanta 401 West Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30308 404/588-1990
Boca Raton 21045 Commercial Trail, Boca Raton, Florida 33432 305/395-3800
Clearwater 1454 U.S. Highway 19, South, Clearwater, Florida 33516 813/536-9454
Columbia Dutch Center, 810 Dutch Sq. Blvd., Columbia, South Carolina 29210 803/798-4511
Gainesville 7201 N.W. 11th Place, Gainesville, Florida 32601 904/377-2442
Montgomery 807 South McDonough Street, Montgomery, Alabama 36104 205/834-2870
Naples 1063 Fifth Avenue, North, Naples, Florida 33940 813/262-6693
Philadelphia 1819 JFK Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 215/561-6650
Washington, D.C. 1941 Roland Clarke Place, Reston, Virginia 22091 703/620-5200
Canadian Office
Calgary 640 8th Avenue S.W., Calgary, Alberta T2P 1G7 403/269-6758
Portland Headquarters
Alexandria, Egypt
Cairo, Egypt
Damascus, Syria
Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Port of Spain, Trinidad, West Indies
Santiago, Chile
International Offices
200 S.W. Market Street, Portland, Oregon 97201 5031224-9190
CH2M
U.
:CHILL
Engineers
Planners
Economists
Scientists
A
it
CH2M HILL's services range from feasibility studies to design, inspec-
tion, startup and, when desired, overall construction management. These
services are complemented by additional capabilities, provided either in
combination or individually, in urban and regional planning, economics, the
environmental sciences, laboratory testing, corrosion control, geotechnical
analysis, architecture, aerial photography and mapping, surveying and
computer services. We also provide value engineering analyses, specifica-
tions, general construction coordination, and operation and maintenance
services. CH2M HILL's capabilities are applied to a wide range of techno-
logical systems:
Water
• Municipal and Industrial Water
Supply, Treatment and Distribution
Systems • Storage Reservoirs • Desalina-
tion • Solids Disposal Systems • Ground -
Water Resource Management • River
Basin Planning and Management • Well
Design • Dams and Dikes • Deep Well
Injection • Urban and Estuarine Hydro-
logic Systems Modeling • Water Quality
Management Studies • Flood Plain
Management.
Waste Management
• Municipal and Industrial Waste-
water Collection, Treatment and Dis-
posal Systems • Advanced Wastewater
Treatment Systems • Wastewater Recla-
mation and Reuse Systems • Pump Sta-
tions • Outfalls • Deep Well Effluent
Disposal • Stormwater Management
and Drainage Systems • Areawide
Waste Treatment Management Studies
(208 Studies) • Design, Management and
Operations Planning for Solid Waste
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Storage, Collection, Transport, Process-
ing, Resource Recovery and Marketin
Energy Production and Ultimate Di
posal • Disposal of Nuclear, Hazardo
and Toxic Wastes.
Agriculture
• Irrigation Systems • Land App
cation of Liquid and Solid Wastes • En-
vironmental Services in Soil Scienc
Agronomy, Hydrology and Meteorology
i
•
Feasibility Studies, Economic Analyses
and Marketing • Irrigation Return Flow
mpact Assessments • Land Reclama-
on and Development • Aerial Inven-
ry and Management of Crops • Water
Transmission Systems • Design of Stor-
Ige Facilities, Pump Stations, Turnouts,
anals, Pipelines, Application Devices
nd Underdrain Systems • Agricultural
Development Programs
i nergy
• Hydroelectric, Thermal, Solar,
o -energy, Geothermal and Cogenera-
on Systems • Gas System Peaking
acilities • Electric Transmission and
Distribution Systems • Substations • Re-
urce Utilization and Feasibility Stud-
s • Rate Studies • Water Management
rograms • Surveying, Mapping, Envi-
ronmental and Economic Studies, and
Ieologic Investigations for Mining
Design and Engineering for Surface
and Underground Mines • Management
and Disposal of Mining Spoils.
Industry
•Advance Industrial Planning
• Site Selection and Development • Per-
mit Assistance • Plant Layout and
Design • Process Design • Instrumenta-
tion and Control Systems • Energy and
Waste Management • Utilities Supply
and Distribution • Building Services
• Effluent Treatment • Waste Reclama-
tion •Air Quality Control • Transporta-
tion • Materials Handling • Noise
Control
Transportation
• Planning and Design of Airports,
Highways, Roads and Streets, Railroads,
Ports and Harbors, Marinas and Bus
Transit Systems • Traffic Engineering
• Traffic Load Forecasts • Air Quality
• Master Plans • Economic and Environ-
mental Analyses
Civil Engineering
• Geotechnical Services • Struc-
tures • Hydrology • Hydraulics
• Environmental Assessments • Site
Selection • Surveying and Mapping
• Seismic Investigations • Site Planning
• Foundation Investigations • Slope
Stability Studies •Access Studies
• Design of Foundations, Pavements,
Utilities, Tunnels, Earthworks, Flood
Control and Submarine Pipelines
• Fishery Installations
M
HILL
engineers
planners
economists
scientists
Northwest District Offices
Anchorage 2550 Denali Street, 8th Floor, Anchorage, Alaska 99503 907/278-2551
Corvallis 1600 S.W. Western Blvd., Corvallis, Oregon 97333 503/752-4271
Maui 285 Kaahumanu Avenue, Suite 201, Kahului, Maui, Hawaii 96732 808/871-8371
Portland 200 S.W. Market Street, Portland, Oregon 97201 503/224-9190
Seattle 1500 -114th Avenue S.E., Bellevue, Washington 98004 206/453-5000
Spokane W. 601 Riverside Ave., Suite 1240, Spokane, Washington 99201 509/747-2000
Yakima P.O. Box 9249, Yakima, Washington 98909 509/248-9210
Southwest District Offices
Los Angeles 1301 Dove Street, Suite 800, Newport Beach, California 92660 714/975-1000
Redding 1525 Court Street, Redding, California 96001 916/243-5831
Sacramento 555 Capitol Mall, Suite 1290, Sacramento, California 95814 916/441-3955
San Diego 110 W. C Street, Suite 905, San Diego, California 92101 714/239-9661
San Francisco 2200 Powell Street, 8th Floor, Emeryville, California 94608 415/652-2426
San Francisco (Project) 450 Sansome Street, San Francisco, California 94111 415/398-8950
San Jose 50 W. Brokaw Road, Suite 217, San Jose, California 95110 408/288-7444
Central District Offices
Albuquerque 6121 Indian School Rd., N.E., Suite 206, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110 505/884-5600
Boise 700 Clearwater Lane, Boise, Idaho 83707 208/345-5310
Denver P.O. Box 22508, Denver, Colorado 80222 303/771-0900
Milwaukee 2929 N. Mayfair Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53222 414/774-5530
Milwaukee (Project) 743 N. Water Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 414/276-0300
St. Louis 12 Maryland Plaza, St. Louis, Missouri 63108 314/361-4600
Salt Lake City 187 Wright Brothers Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116 801/539-0070
Eastern District Offices
Atlanta 401 West Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30308 404/588-1990
Boca Raton 21045 Commercial Trail, Boca Raton, Florida 33432 305/395-3800
Columbia Dutch Center, 810 Dutch Sq. Blvd., Columbia, South Carolina 29210 803/798-4511
Gainesville P.O. Box 1647, Gainesville, Florida 32602 904/377-2442
Montgomery 807 South McDonough Street, Montgomery, Alabama 36104 205/834-2870
Naples 1063 Fifth Avenue, North, Naples, Florida 33940 813/262-6693
Philadelphia 1819 JFK Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 215/561-6650
Rochester 656 Kreag Road, Pittsford, New York 14534 716/248-2860
Tampa 1408 North Westshore Blvd., Suite 900, Tampa, Florida 33607 813/876-6212
Washington, D.C. 1941 Roland Clarke Place, Reston, Virginia 22091 703/620-5200
REq"ONAIWATER
RECLAMATION PLAN
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Providing a regional solution to a regional problem.. .this was the task undertaken by the Upper
Occoquan Sewage Authority ((JOSA). Made up of four jurisdictions in Virginia's Occoquan Basin, UOSA
was able to set aside political and jurisdictional boundaries in order to address the problem at hand, which
was the progressive deterioration of the Occoquan Reservoir.
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COUNTY
LEGEND:
___ WATERSHED
BOUNDARY
I UOSA
SERVICE AREA
♦ BOUNDARY
Cover:
Gravity Mixer —for mixing
chlorine with wastewater and
imparting dissolved oxygen into
the waste stream.
Right
Chemical Clarifier —for removal
of nhosnhnms.
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'T'h'_`Occoquan Policy
veThe 9.8-bill4 lt--gallon , f�2eservoir is the
principal water supply in Northiin nia, serving more
than 660,000 people. In the.4Lca de eed'tgg the19 i -
formation of UOSA, increased discharges of conven-
tionally treated sewage resulted, in progressive deteriora-
tion of the reservoir water quality.-o,reversg this trend.
the Virginia State Water Contrdi$oard adopted a com-
prehensive policy for waste treatment and water quality
management in the Occoquan Watershed. -
A principal element of this, ''Occoquan Policy" re-
quired construction of a highly sophisticated, regional
advanced wastewater reclamation plant £o replace the 11.
largest existing, inadequate secondary treatment plant5_�
f'. '2-y';.
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and to reclaim the wastewater -as a water resource. It was
this State mandate that promptedthe creation of UO
To provide for the safe discharge of effluent tot
revrv�h, criteria a mpanying the "Occoquan Policy"
spad_treatmest�ards for the regional plant.
Tb*e`Jandards*e atnghg the most stringent in the
Ud a States. Add OnaFititeria established tr tmQnt
proEsSss deemed necessary to achieve the p cribed
level oftreaiment ) a result;. a 15 -million-gallo -peay
tre ientplant was designed by UOSAs cons ing? no
giWers, CH2M HILL, Using the best technol avail-
able.
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Operational Features
The UOSA plant includes conventional primary -
secondary treatment followed by five advanced waste
treatment processes: chemical clarification with two -
stage recarbonation, multimedia filtration, carbon ad-
sorption, ion exchange nitrogen removal and breakpoint
chlorination. In addition to the plant, the UOSA system
incorporates 122,000 feet of gravity sewers, 31,000 feet
of force mains and six pump stations.
Mechanical, electrical and fluid systems at both the
plant and delivery system pump stations were designed
so that the failure of any component or unit would not
interrupt plant operations critical to meeting the final
effluent requirements. Three individual sources provide
electric power to the plant and pump stations. The plant
is supplied by two 69 -kV electrical feeders and one
2,500 -kW onsite emergency power generator. Each
pump station has 100 percent pumping and control sys-
tem equipment redundancy plus an emergency reten-
tion pond with a capacity to hold a minimum of one
day's average design flow.
A computer -based central control system provides
the plant with automatic data acquisition; alarms; feed
forward, feedback and special control algorithms; pre-
ventive maintenance scheduling; automatic backwash
sequencing; electrical power consumption monitoring;
cathode ray tube (Cr) operator consoles; and data
processing and analysis. Supporting the central control
system, and also providing backup, is an extensive elec-
tronic analog sensor and control system. In addition to
the in -plant instrumentation and controls, the remote
sewage collection and pumping system is monitored by
an and iotone telemetry system that is interfaced with the
plant's computer complex
(JOSA personnel use cathode ray tube consoles to monitor and
control plant unit processes.
Resource Recovery Features
Removal, recovery and reuse processes built into
the plant as part of the contaminant treatment system
provide for three types of recycling: byproduct reuse, or-
ganic solids stabilization and ammonia recovery.
Methane and carbon dioxide gases, which are pro-
duced as byproducts of biological processes, are re-
covered and used to reduce fuel and chemical con-
sumption at the plant. Methane gas produced in the
anaerobic digesters is burned in boilers that supply heat
to maintain the temperature of the digesters and to heat
several plant buildings. Carbon dioxide gas (CO2), which
is a byproduct of both anaerobic digestion and combus-
tion, is compressed and used as a source of CO2 in the
recarbonation process. Carbon dioxide is also recovered
during the regeneration of activated carbon, com-
pressed and used in the recarbonation process. The use
of these gases produced onsite greatly reduces the need
for fuel and commercially produced CO2.
The sludge from conventional treatment processes
is anaerobically digested and dewatered prior to com-
posting. During composting, heat is generated by bacte-
rial decomposition of the organic portion of the sludge.
The sludge temperature rises to between 130° F and
170° F, effectively destroying most of the pathogens and
parasites. Thus, a stabilized compost material is pro-
duced. Approximately 11 tons of compost material are
produced daily for use by local park authorities for
nursery and athletic field rehabilitation purposes.
UOSAs consulting engineers developed the Am-
monia Removal and Recovery Process (ARRP) to re-
move ammonia from the ion exchange regenerant
solution and to recover it as a fertilizer product In this
process, a 3 percent salt solution is used to regenerate
exhausted ion exchange beds containing clinoptilolite
media. The spent regenerant solution containing nearly
300 mg/I of ammonia is elevated in pH, clarified and
pumped through ARRP modules. Each ARRP module
consists of a stripping tower, which strips the ammonia
gas from the spent regenerant solution, and an absorp-
tion tower, where the ammonia gas is absorbed by a sul-
furic acid solution to form ammonium sulfate. Approxi-
mately 2,880 gallons of ammonium sulfate at 40 percent
concentration are produced daily for use as a fertilizer in
the agricultural areas of the region.
Plant Schematic Flow Diagram
GENERAL CRITERIA
Raw Sewage Flows
Normal DegyQ
15 mgd
Maximum IrWr4reau
45 mgd
Sewage Loadings
BODs Concenbetion @ Q
250 mg/I
Suspended Solids
Concentration @ Q
225 mg/I
PRIMARY TREATMENT
Screening
Mechanical Bar Screen
45 mgd
Comminisor
45 ngd
Gil Removal
TyPe
Detde s Tank
Primary Clarification
Overflow Rate@Q
613 gpd/fl2
SECONDARY TREATMENT
Flows
Normal Dally, Q
15 wgd
Maximum. MaaQ
30 ngd
Aeration Basins
Type
Completely Mixed With
Met harts Aeration
Detention Time @ Q
6 tart.
BOO, Loading @0
49.7lb/l.000As/dry
Aerator Size
75 hp
Secondary Clarification
Overflow Rae @0
410gpd/A2
Design Criteria
CHEMICAL TREATMENT
Rapid Mix Basins
Detention Time@Q
44mm.
Flocculation Basins
Detention Time @0
19 min.
Chemical Clarification
Overflow Rate@Q
610gPd/ft2
Recarbonation. First and Second Stage
Detention Time @Q
4.5 mn.
Recarbonation Clarification
Overflow Rate @ Q
610 gpd/R2
PHYSICAL TREATMENT
Pressure nitration
live
Mixed Media
Loading Rate @ Q
444 gpm/A2
Cation Adsorytion
Type
Upflow. Counter -Current
Contact Tlme@Q
30 min.
Average Carbon Dosage
250 lb/mg
ion Exchange Ammonia Removal
Type
Clinoptild'de
Regenerant Solution
3%MaCI+ I%CaCb
Regeneram Recovery System
ARRP
CHLORINATION
Chlorinator, Type
Gas
Max Chlorine Dosage@Q
32mg/I
Detention Time @ Q
Approx. 30 mn.
I:
EFFLUENT DISPOSAL
Type
Surface Discharge Through .,
Effluent Reservoir
SOLIDS HANDLING SYSTEM
Waste Activated Sludge
Thickening. Type
Flotation Thickener
PrimaryDigester
lope
fixed Cover, Gas
RalNbn
Hydraulic Dam eon Time
dattip
2ldap
Secondary Digester
f^
Type
Floating Cover Whir
t
Gas Recovery
Hydraulic Desertion Time
10 dap
Chemical Sludge Thickeners
Type
Gravity
Overflow Rate
260 gpd/A2
Filter Press
Operating Pressure
100 poi
Chemical Condilnnirg
Lime. as CeCOs
30% Max. of Digested
Dry Sts
Ferdc CNarEe, Feth
5%Mao of Digested
Dry Solids
Composting
Feed
Digested Dewarered
Sludge
Curing Period
30 Days - .
Performance
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UOSAs facilities became operational in June 1978
and since that time have consistently produced a high -
quality effluent without interruption. According to data
collected by the Occoquan Watershed Monitoring Labo-
ratory, required by the "Occoquan Policy" and operated
by Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, the
plant has already had a positive effect on the Occoquan
Reservoir. During fall 1978, several months after startup
of the plant, water quality in Bull Run, a tributary to the
reservoir, was the best ever observed in the six years of
the monitoring program.
The impact of UOSA's project on the water re-
sources of Northern Virginia is expected to increase if
growth in the area occurs as projected. UOSA now has
the means of protecting the reservoir from the effects of
point source pollution while producing a significant sup-
ply of reclaimed wastewater for reuse.
WIomH'I111 ■ !'
Top:
Filter Gallery —water treatment filtration technology is applied to
wastewater treatment
Left-
ARRP Facilities —ammonia is recovered for use as a fertilizer in the
agricultural areas of the region.
Above:
Compost Building—dewatered organic solids are stabilized into
compost for use by local park authorities.
Advanced Treatment Required to Protect the Occoquan Reservoir
The effluent limitations established by the State Water Control Board of the
Commonwealth of Virginia are among the most stringent in the country.
The plant effluent discharged to Bull Run, a tributary to Occoquan Reservoir,
must be within the limits listed below.
Weekly Approximate
Average
Removal
Parameter
Units
Concentration
Rate
BODs
mg/I
1.0
> 99%
COD
mg/I
10.0
98%
Suspended
Solids
mg/I
1.0 or less
> 99%
Unoxidized
Nitrogen
mg/I
1.0
96%
Total Phosphorus
mg/I
0.1
>99%
MBAS
mg/I
0.1
> 99%
Turbidity
JTU
0.4
—
Coliform
Bacteria
per 100 ml
<2/100 ml
> 99%
Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority
Member Jurisdictions
County of Fairfax
County of Prince William
City of Manassas
City of Manassas Park
L1
Project Engineering Services by
CH2M ::HILL
Brochure
Prepared By
Upper Occoquan Sewage Authority CH2M
14631 Compton Road, Centreville, Virginia 22020, (703) 830-2200 OO H I LL
Mailing Address: P.O. Box 688, Manassas Park, Virginia 22110
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CH2M
::HILL
Economic and
Financial Services
'1 CH2M HILL is an
international consulting
firm providing planning,
design and management
services to government, industry and
utilities. Our economists, with the tech-
nical support of a diversified staff of en-
gineers, planners and scientists, provide
comprehensive economic and financial
services to assist clients in making prac-
tical management decisions.
Utility Services
CH2M HILL economists offer public and
private utilities a wide range of rate -making
and related services. We regularly analyze
problems associated with capital requirements,
cost determinations and rate structures for
electric, gas, water, wastewater, solid waste
and other utilites. Using a versatile in-house
DEC -10 computer system, we have developed
a variety of programs covering cost -of -service,
load research and rate design.
• Cost -of -Service Studies
• Revenue Requirement Studies
• Rate Design
• Reports for Bond Issues
• Financing for System Improvements
• Forecasting
• Expert Witness Testimony
• Load Research and Management
• Cost-of-Money/Rate-of-Return Studies
• Contract Negotiations
• Feasibility Studies
• Computing Services
• Management Consulting
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Resource Studies
Our economists conduct studies for the
development, conservation or management of
such natural resources as land, water, fisheries
and forests. Our capabilities include conduct-
ing market surveys, formulating alternative
plans to serve the identified needs, performing
economic and financial analyses of alterna-
tives, and preparing a plan for successful im-
plementation of the best alternative. Benefits
and costs can be measured from the perspec-
tive of either society as a whole or direct proj-
ect participants. Feasibility studies frequently
include the identification of sources of financ-
ing, evaluation of alternative financing meth-
ods and preparation of loan applications.
• Energy Project Analysis (Hydropower,
Cogeneration, Geothermal, Biomass)
• Irrigation Project Studies
• Flood Control Studies
• Agricultural Economics
• Fisheries Economics
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• International Development
Urban and Regional Studies
Decisionmakers in government and in-
dustry often need to have information on urban
and regional economic activities; population,
employment and land use trends; and potential
trade-offs among economic, environmental and
other goals. CH2M HILL's team of economists
and planners provides timely analysis of eco-
nomic and financial issues. Studies can be
conducted to evaluate fiscal and environmen-
tal impacts, improvements in municipal servi-
ces, development of industrial facilities and
expansion of transportation systems.
• Economic Base and Impact Studies
• Demographic Projections
• Regional Analysis
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• Capital Budgeting and Financing
• Fiscal Impacts
• Transportation Economics
• Site Feasibility Studies
CH2M
::HILL
engineers
planners
economists
scientists
I
Anchorage
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San Jose
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St. Louis
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Philadelphia
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Tampa
Washington, D.C.
Calgary
Portland Headquarters
Alexandria, Egypt
Cairo, Egypt
Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Northwest District Offices
2550 Denali Street, 8th Floor, Anchorage, Alaska 99503 907/278-2551
1600 S.W. Western Blvd., Corvallis, Oregon 97333 503/752-4271
285 Kaahumanu Avenue, Suite 201, Kahului, Maui, Hawaii 96732 608/871-8371
200 S.W. Market Street, Portland, Oregon 97201 503/224-9190
1500 -114th Avenue S.E., Bellevue, Washington 98004 206/453-5000
W. 601 Riverside Ave., Suite 1240, Spokane, Washington 99201 509/747-2000
P.O. Box 9249, Yakima, Washington 98909 509/248-9210
Southwest District Offices
1301 Dove Street, Suite 800, Newport Beach, California 92660 714/975-1000
1525 Court Street, Redding, California 96001 916/243-5831
555 Capitol Mall, Suite 1290, Sacramento, California 95814 916/441-3955
110 W. C Street, Suite 905, San Diego, California 92101 714/239-9661
2200 Powell Street, 8th Floor, Emeryville, California 94608 415/652-2426
450 Sansome Street, San Francisco, California 94111 415/398-8950
50 W. Brokaw Road, Suite 217, San Jose, California 95110 408/288-7444
Central District Offices
6121 Indian School Rd., N.E., Suite 206, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87110 505/884-5600
700 Clearwater Lane, Boise, Idaho 83707 208/345-5310
P.O. Box 22508, Denver, Colorado 80222 303/771-0900
2929 N. Mayfair Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53222 414/774-5530
743 N. Water Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 414/276-0300
12 Maryland Plaza, St. Louis, Missouri 63108 314/361-4600
187 Wright Brothers Drive, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116 801/539-0070
Eastern District Offices
401 West Peachtree Street, N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30308 404/588-1990
21045 Commercial Trail, Boca Raton, Florida 33432 305/395-3800
Dutch Center, 810 Dutch Sq. Blvd., Columbia, South Carolina 29210 803/798-4511
P.O. Box 1647, Gainesville, Florida 32602 904/377-2442
807 South McDonough Street, Montgomery, Alabama 36104 205/834-2870
1063 Fifth Avenue, North, Naples, Florida 33940 813/262-6693
1819 JFK Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 215/561-6650
656 Kreag Road, Pittsford, New York 14534 716/248-2860
1408 North Westshore Blvd., Suite 900, Tampa, Florida 33607 813/876-6212
1941 Roland Clarke Place, Reston, Virginia 22091 703/620-5200
Canadian Office
1110 Centre Street, North, Calgary, Alberta 12E 2R2 403/230-4381
International Offices ,
200 S.W. Market Street, Portland, Oregon 97201 503/224-9190
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'Covet Photo: Field of dill on a Salem area farm symbolizes the recycling feature of
Willow Lake's system of returning wastes derived from vegetable processing plants back
to the land which produced them —"bringing back to nature what was nature's in the first place"
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Left: The Willamette River at Salem, Oregon. The Willow Lake Wastewater Treatment Plant
insures that area wastes will not degrade the river's clean waters.
The Capitol building.
The Salem area is one of the
largest fruit and vegetable process-
ing centers in the United States,
processing some 10 million cases of
canned foods and 260 million
pounds of frozen food annually. This
has been a tremendous boon to the
Salem economy. It also has created a
colossal waste disposal problem.
Things went fine during most of the
year when the City treatment facility
had to process only municipal
wastes. But during the three months
when the canneries were going full
steam, the load on the municipal
treatment plant was sometimes six
times what it was during the rest of
the year.
As fruit and vegetable processing
increased, the City had to work fast
to come up with solutions to a two-
part problem: They had to develop a
new facility capable of processing
both large and small amounts of
Oregon's capitol
municipal and cannery wastes; and
they also had to find some way to
dispose of ever-increasing volumes
of waste solids (sludge) that the
treatment plant would produce.
Therefore, the City asked CH2M
HILL, consulting engineers, to study
the problem, find the solution, and
design a facility.
The result is the Willow Lake
Wastewater Treatment Plant, which
makes use of the best practical
technology available for treatment
and disposal of combined municipal
and food processing wastes.
The ultimate in
efficient and
environmentally sound
treatment and disposal...
system —the heart of Willow Lake's
treatment process.
To take care of the treated solids
disposal problem, scientists con-
ducted an extensive soil and plant
monitoring program to determine
that processed sludge from sewage
can be both safe and effective when
used as a supplemental fertilizer.
The sludge is marketed as
"BIOGRO." It is delivered and
spread on farms within the im-
mediate area of the Willow Lake
facility free of charge.
The ultimate in efficient and en-
vironmentally sound treatment and
disposal of municipal and cannery
wastes, Salem's Willow Lake facility
is admired and copied by cities
around the country.
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Left: Willow Lake Wastewater Treatment Plant
with Salem in the background.
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The lant
UNOX Control Building with primary effluent
pump station in foreground.
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Typically municipal waste treat-
ment plants dispose of treated waste
solids by disposing of them in a sani-
tary landfill or by burning them. At
Willow Lake, nothing is wasted:
Sludge is recycled into the soil as
BIOGRO, and treated water leaving
the plant is of such quality that it
does virtually no damage as it is
emptied directly into the Willamette
River.
The completed Willow Lake
Wastewater Treatment Plant consists
of a trickling filter plant (the North
Plant) and a high -purity oxygen acti-
vated sludge plant (the South Plant).
The combined facility is designed to
handle the anticipated wastewater
treatment requirements of the
Salem area through 1985. The design
ensures that the facility can handle
extreme seasonal increases result-
ing from a three-month food pro-
cessing season just as efficiently as it
handles wastes during the noncan-
NEADWORK5
PRIMARY
-crVJC.n&TJ (
How it works.
ning season.
Incoming wastewater is split be-
tween the North and South Plants.
Two primary clarifiers at each plant
remove settleable solids and floating
material. The solids are pumped to a
grit removal facility, where four cy-
clone separators separate the raw
primary sludge and grit.
At the North Plant, effluent from
the primary clarifiers is pumped to
four trickling filters for biological
treatment. Effluent from the trickling
filters flows to the secondary clarifier
where suspended solids are settled
and removed. After chlorination,
the treated wastewater is discharged
into the Willamette River.
The flow to the South Plant, after
primary clarification, receives
biological treatment in a three -train
aeration basin. Each train has four
cells, and each cell has a mechanical
surface aerator to mix and dissolve
oxygen into the wastewater. The
S4LC44.w
INFLUENT TANKS ---,
-' 35aur�lvetgl�¢un�,q�n,1l��,��,. ypn,IaYu. '�¢.un/. a
of C Q ��,PTT
"xarM, ��.5LL VAT ED
V V SLWGE
TANKS
Flow schematic for the Willow Lake Wastewater Treatment Plan!.
oxygen is produced from the air in a
special generator onsite. Effluent
from the aeration basin is divided
among four secondary clarifiers
where solids are settled and re-
moved. Most of this activated sludge
is returned to the aeration basin and
mixed with incoming primary
effluent to renew the biological
treatment process. Excess activated
sludge is concentrated in either
gravity or flotation thickeners.
Thickened primary and secondary
sludge from both plants is treated in
primary and secondary digesters.
The digestion process involves heat-
ing and mixing in the absence of air.
Volume is reduced and pathogens
eliminated. The treated sludge is
then ready for agricultural distribu-
tion as BIOGRO.
Methane gas produced in the
process is used to heat the digesters
and to produce electrical power for
the plant.
-3ELONDARY
DI&E5TER5
DISINFECTION
CHAMBER
FINAL L
5EDIMENTATION
TANKS
BI0GRO
DLS1 IBU [ION
ID FARM
CLEAN WATER To
WILLAMETTE I VER
The South Plant became operational
in late 1976; the North Plant was com-
pleted in 1964. The combined treatment
facility represents the best practical
treatment technology available today
for removal and disposal of large
volumes of suspended and dissolved
pollutants from wastewater. Selection
of the treatment process for the South
Plant followed two years of extensive
pilot plant studies.
Large waste loads from local fruit
and vegetable canneries and freezing
plants mean that the treatment plant
must, at times, handle six times the
"normal" municipal requirements.
Union Carbide's UNOX system, em-
ploying high -purity oxygen to treat the
wastewater, is the heart of the treat-
ment process.
Raw sewage pumps.
Valve skid in oxygen control building.
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BIOGRO (treated sludge) is loaded into tanker
truck for delivery to farmers.
One Salem area farmer who is a
long-time user of BIOGRO aptly de-
scribes Willow Lake's BIOGRO pro-
gram as "completing the cycle:
Bringing back to nature what was
nature's in the first place." His
statement couldn't be more accu-
rate, because most of the wastes are
from food processing plants.
Salem's system of recycling these
wastes has received praise from
numerous environmental groups.
Typically municipal sewage treat-
ment plants concentrate sludge sol-
ids and dispose of them in landfills,
or burn them. But that's not the case
in Salem. To date, 17 area farmers are
fertilizing more than 1,600 acres with
BIOGRO. Applications have been
made to pastureland, nursery crops,
berries, mint, grain, dill, orchards,
hay, corn, and grass seed. Most use
BIOGRO as a fertilizer supplement,
but BIOGRO alone is sufficient to
fertilize grass and grain crops.
Bringing back
to nature
what was
nature's in the
first place.
The City applies the material in
liquid form at a rate of approximately
15,000 gallons per acre. The average
per acre application includes 1,000
pounds of organic matter, 150
pounds of lime or lime equivalent,
B*iogro
Completes cycle.
75 pounds of nitrogen, 30 pounds of
phosphorus and one pound of
potassium.
Applications
have been
made to
pastureland,
nursery crops,
berries, mint,
grain, dill,
orchards, hay,
corn, and grass
seed.
BIOGRO deliveries are made in
2,500 -gallon tank trucks called "bug-
gies" equipped with sprayers that
spread it uniformly in twenty -foot
swaths. The buggies are equipped
with extra -large tires to prevent soil
compacting.
City treatment plant personnel
have been trained to do soil and
plant sampling, laboratory testing,
and record keeping. An ongoing
and extensive monitoring program
has been developed to insure that
sludge applications do not become
harmful to crops, humans, or the
environment. Continued and fre-
quent analysis is made of digested
sludge, soils, crops, and ground
water.
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John Weeks, a
Salem nursery-
man, is one long-
time user who'll
swear by BIO-
GRO. He has used
the material for
seven years and
says it has replaced cover cropping
and liming on his 40 acres of
nursery crops.
"I think the whole country should
be using as much of it (sludge
sewage) as possible. It is a valuable
resource that shouldn't be dumped
or burned"
Weeks says he has experienced
no adverse effects over seven years
of BIOGRO applications. He didn't
have to add nitrogen to berries and
rhubarb last year because of the
nitrogen buildup from BIOGRO
applications. He believes BIOGRO
has reduced crown gall in berry
plants, because the organic matter
creates a healthy environment for
a balanced ecology in which harm-
ful organisms can't survive.
Lyle Klampe, a
local farmer and
field representa-
'tP il tive for BIOGRO,
says there is in-
creasing accep-
tance 1 by area
farmers of the
material as a fertilizer supplement.
He foresees no difficulty in having
sufficient land available to receive
all of the BIOGRO the Willow Lake
Plant can produce.
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Application of BIOGRO with BIOGRO "Buggy'
BIOGRO is used for orchards.
Lyle Klampe, the BIOGRO field representative.
It is called "BIOGRO:' It has no additives or
secret ingredients. It is simply the liquid
digested sludge left over after waste solids have
gone through the anaerobic digesters in Salem's
Willow Lake Wastewater Treatment Plant.
Salem farmers have found BIOGRO useful
not only for its value as a fertilizer, but also
because it contains substantial quantities of
organic matter that condition and improve
chemical and physical properties of the soil.
BIOGRO supplies lime and nitrogen. A
typical maximum application, the equivalent
of two dry tons per acre, includes the equiv-
alent of 75 pounds of nitrogen and 150 pounds
of lime. BIOGRO also contains smaller quan-
tities of phosphorus, potash, calcium, mag-
nesium, sulfates, boron, copper, iron, manganese,
molybdenum, and zinc.
Early stages of dill field.
Loading "buggy" from BIOGRO tanker.
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Lett. Photos during construction provide rare
look inside key units of treatment system
at Willow Lake.
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TheFacts
Treated effluent from Willow Lake returns
unnoticed to the Willamette, totally compatible
with the clean river.
Design criteria
The Willow Lake Wastewater
Treatment Plant is designed to handle
the needs of the Salem area and its
local canneries through 1985. The
treatment plant can handle wastewa-
terflows up to 105 MGD (million gal-
lons per day) and this flow rate serves
as the basis for sizing major pieces of
equipment.
The solids produced in the treat-
ment process and present in the raw
sewage provide a second important
parameter to be considered: Here,
the plant must be capable of treating
the peak loads expected during the
three-month canning season.
Design details are shown in the
table below:
DESIGN CRITERIA
INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT PROCESSES
Construction Year 1964
PLANT PUMP STATION
Number of Pumps (5) 3 2
Capacity, MGD 54 42
PRIMARY CLARIFIERS
Number (4) 2 2
Diameter, feet 120 145
Overflow Rate, gal/sq. N./day 375 860
PRIMARY EFFLUENT PUMP STATION
Number of Pumps (5) — 5
Capacity, mgd (105) - 105
L1T:LyhDT2R:IlM RL1
Construction Year 1964 1976
OXYGEN GAS GENERATOR
Number of Compressors (2) — 2
Design Capacity, tons/day — 36
Maximum Capacity, tons/day — 82
SECONDARY CLARIFIERS
Number of Units (5)
1
4
Diameter, feet
170
140
Overflow Rate, gal/sq. ft./day
at design flow
375
430
at peak flow
1,322
866
Solids Loading, lbs/sq. H./day
—
31.5
Detention Time, hours
3.8
5.8
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PUMP STATION
Number of Pumps (3) — 3
Capacity, MGD — 21.5
CHLORINE CONTACT CHAMBER
Number of Bays 0 4
Contact Time at Design Flow, hours 3.8 1.06
Contact Time at Peak Flow, hours 1.1 0.45
GRAVITY THICKENERS
Number (31 2 1
Diameter, feet 40 45
Loading, lbs dry solids/sq. ft/day 31 20
FLOTATION THICKENER
Number of Units (4) — 4
Surface Area, sq. H./unit — 580
Loading, lbs dry solids/
sq. it./hour — 4
ANAEROBIC DIGESTERS
Number of Primary Digesters (4)
2
2
Diameter, feet
70
80
Detention Time, days
10
10
Organic Loading, lbs VSS/ Cu. It.
0.23
0.23
Numberof Secondary Digesters (3)
1
2
Diameter, feet
70
80
Detention Time, days
10
10
Number of Trains (3)
— 3
Detention Time at Design
Flow, hours
3.9 SEPTAGE FACILITY
Basin Loading, lbs BOD/1,000 its
- 161 Number of Pumps (3)
Basin Loading, lbs BOD/MLVSS
- 0.47 Capacity, gpm
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Number of Units (4) 4 —
Diameter, feet 107 —
Hydraulic Load, gpd/sq. ft. 225 —
Filter Load, lbs BOD/1,000 it? 106 —
3
37
DEDICATING OFFICIALS:
Mayor:
Kent L. Aldrich
Council:
Chuck Taaffe
Edwin J. Stillings
John R. McCulloch, Jr.
Dewey A. Rand, Jr.
Peter C. Courtney
Ellen C. Lowe
Wally Bonesteele
Ellen Schneider
City Manager:
Robert S. Moore
Director, Department of Utilities/
Public Works:
B. T. Van Wormer
CONSULTING ENGINEERS:
CH2M HILL, INC.
Corvallis, Oregon
CONTRACTOR:
Butler Construction Company
Salt Lake City, Utah
MAJOR EQUIPMENT:
Union Carbide Corporation
Linde Division
Tonawanda, New York
EIMCO
Salt Lake City, Utah
:rrin
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Willfie
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The heart of the South Complex is the cryogenic
oxygen generation system which produces almost
pure oxygen to enhance treatment in the aeration
basins.
Central Plant
A complete expansion project.
The Central Wastewater Treat-
ment Plant's North Complex was
originally built in 1966 to provide
secondary treatment for metropol-
itan Denver's wastewater. The
need for additional primary and
secondary treatment capabilities
was identified in 1972. Construc-
tion of modifications to the North
Complex and design and construc-
tion of the entirely new South
Complex began in 1974 and were
essentially completed in 1977. The
South Complex now provides ad-
ditional secondary treatment ca-
pacity for the metropolitan Denver
area. This expansion project, de-
veloped by CH2M HILL, design
engineers, will meet existing fed-
eral and state effluent criteria well
into the 1980s.
The South Complex
now will assist in
providing secondary
treatment for the
metropolitan area well
into the 1980s.
Metro asked CH2M HILL to
expand and upgrade the treatment
capabilities at their Central Treat-
ment Plant. The North Complex
was modified to improve operation
and maintenance. The South Com-
plex is a new but smaller treatment
plant adjacent to the North Com-
plex. A bridge crossing the South
Platte River was designed and
built to provide primary access to
the Central Treatment Plant
facilities.
The first impression the South
Complex gives is its cleanliness.
All the facilities were designed to
be uncluttered and attractive. Four
white towers reach for the sunny
Colorado skies —two cryogenic
oxygen generation towers cool
liquid air to produce high purity
oxygen for use in the aeration ba-
sins while two store the liquid
oxygen. Nearby, covered aeration
basins aerate the wastewater on its
way to secondary clarifiers. The
covers on these basins are strong
enough to support a mobile crane
for equipment handling and the
electric carts that are used for
operations and maintenance chores.
Tall black brick anaerobic digesters
with white accent panels harmo-
nize with the black and white
clarifier tanks set into the ground.
Effluent transport is done in under-
ground channels. An addition to
the administration building was
designed to complement existing
architecture while providing more
office space, more room for lab-
oratory testing of effluent quality
and for process control. A ware-
house and shop modifications
were also added.
An extensive computer -operated
monitoring system takes care of
many of the routine tasks so fewer
operators are needed. A distinct
advantage of the system is that
better data are available for con-
trol without requiring a large
amount of time from operators or
data -handlers.
The project has extended the
entire Central Plant's treatment
capability by adding 42 million
gallons per day (mgd) to existing
primary treatment capacity, and
the secondary treatment system
can now treat an additional 72 mgd.
An extensive com-
puterized monitoring
system controls treat-
ment processes and
generates and analyzes
operational data to
meet federal and
state requirements.
When the sludge drying and
distribution center, 25 miles away,
is completed, the Central Treat-
ment Plant will be able to provide
complete treatment at a 170-mgd
annual average design flow —
nearly twice the plant's original
capacity. The entire construction
project should be completed
by 1985.
2.
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_ter
The presence of protozoa such as this vorticella indicates a healthy condition
in the aeration basins for successful treatment. Left After removal by the secondary
clarifiers, waste activated sludge is processed in the tall black anaerobic digesters.
, Inset Central Treatment Plant is located between the South Platte River and Sand
p Creek. The new South Complex is shown in the foreground.
Treatmen
The treatment process.
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The high purity
'oxygen system at the
South Complex does
the same job as the
'North Complex in
less space.
Both the North and South Com-
plexes provide primary and sec-
ondary treatment and use the
activated sludge treatment process.
Diffused air aerates the waste-
water in the North Complex; high
purity oxygen aerates it in the
South Complex.
The Influent/Effluent Flow
Raw wastewater enters the plant
headworks, where the flow is
measured by Parshall flumes and
divided between the two com-
plexes. It is then screened to
remove coarse solids and rags.
Sand, gravel, and other heavy
inorganic particles are removed in
grit chambers. Primary treatment
is completed when clarifiers re-
move settleable solids and float -
able materials.
Primary effluent is pumped to
the South Complex facilities; it
flows by gravity to the North
Complex. Primary effluent from
the City of Denver's Northside
Primary Treatment Plant can also
be split between the North and
South Complexes.
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Secondary treatment begins in
the aeration basins: Biologically
degradable organic materials
(measured by the biochemical
oxygen demand, BOD) in the
primary effluent are consumed by
microorganisms in the presence of
oxygen, synthesizing new micro-
organisms and removing most of
the BOD. This process is complete
when the microorganisms floc-
culate into a settleable mass (acti-
vated sludge) and are removed in
the secondary clarifiers.
The cryogenic oxygen distilla-
tion towers produce all the high
purity (up to 95 percent) oxygen
needed for biological treatment in
the one large, eight -chambered
aeration basin at the South Com-
plex. Because of the high purity
oxygen system, the smaller South
Complex does the same treatment
job as the North Complex's air
system in less space.
A portion of the secondary "ac-
tivated sludge" solids are returned
to the aeration basins to maintain
a high concentration of biologically
active cells to continue the proc-
ess; excess cells are wasted to the
sludge concentrator building.
Finally, secondary effluent is disin-
fected in a 2,000 -foot underground
closed chlorine contact conduit
and discharged to the South Platte
River.
Solids Handling
Solids which must be disposed
after treatment include screenings,
grit, scum, and excess primary and
waste -activated sludge. In the
screenings building, screenings
captured by bar screens and grit
collected in grit basins are stored
in hoppers. When these hoppers
are emptied, the solids are hauled
to an offsite sanitary landfill. Scum
from primary clarifiers is pumped
to hoppers to be hauled away by a
rendering company for reuse.
Settled materials from the pri-
mary clarifiers are pumped to
holding tanks to be transferred to
anaerobic digesters for stabiliza-
tion or to the vacuum filtration
system for dewatering before dis-
posal. Excess activated sludge from
both the North and South Com-
plexes is pumped to the sludge
concentrator building to be thick-
ened by flotation. The thickened
sludge moves from temporary
holding tanks to the anaerobic
digesters.
Anaerobic digestion
reduces the amount
of sludge for ultimate
disposal and stabilizes
it for agricultural reuse.
The final solids processing
step is anaerobic digestion. Eight
100 -foot -diameter, 32 -foot -high
digesters hold the sludge at 95°
Fahrenheit to stabilize it. Each
digester uses the methane gas pro-
duced from the sludge as its own
fuel source. This process reduces
the sludge volume by 50 percent
and produces stabilized sludge for
reuse. This stabilized product is
recycled to the land for agricul-
tural uses.
r.
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Above: Raw sewage enters the
South Complex through the bar
screens in the screenings
building. Right Grit washers
and classifiers remove grit from
the influent stream, storing it in
hoppers for later removal by
truck.
II
This pump moves sludge from the primary
clarifiers to the digesters.
3
The return activated sludge pumps
and piping in the secondary
treatment complex.
Slow speed, low head, high capacity amplitorq vertical pump drives are used to
pump primary effluent to the aeration basins.
TREATMENT
SCHEMATIC
After treatment the effluent
Bows into the 2,000 -foot,
underground chlorine contact
conduit for disinfection
before discharge to the South
Platte River.
(DOG
OOC
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Left: The cryogenic oxygen generation
system consists of two shorter towers
which store the liquid oxygen and
two taller towers containing process
'equipment. Above: The instrument air
skid provides instrumentation air to
activate devices which control the
cryogenic oxygen generation system.
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Above: This elevation view shows the
covered aeration basins; inside are eight
separate 3 -stage aeration chambers.
Right- Mixers mounted on top of the
aeration basin ensure even distribution
of nutrients and microorganisms to
promote BOD removal.
U;jIn the digester
complex, methane
gas produced by
the decomposi-
tion of sludge
heats boiler feed -
water, which in
turn transfers heat
to the sludge via
heat exchangers.
Anaerobic digesters complete the solids treatment process by reducing the sludge volume and
stabilizing it.
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One operator at the
'main control panel
can run the entire
process system for the
'South Complex and
anaerobic digesters.
Complex pressure switches and level transmitters are part of the analog system
which controls the primary effluent pumps. Left The cryogenic oxygen plant control
panel is one of three in the Secondary Complex control room. Inset This console
control panel contains the instrumentation and controls for the aeration basin
treatment process. The keyboard in the center provides direct access to the
main computer.
Dual Computers
Instrumentation and control system lowers costs.
A highly successful dual com-
puter system controls more of the
routine work than either electronic
local controls or human hands at
the Central Treatment Plant. Digital
feedback control splits the effluent
flow between the North and South
Complexes, returns sludge flow to
the aeration basins, monitors pre-
set water quality characteristics,
and even turns valves and pumps
on and off in sequence.
The Metro plant is monitored
and controlled by one of the first
successful wastewater closed -loop
computer control systems in the
United States. The system uses
'such advanced concepts as remote
multiplexing and distributed proc-
essing to perform all process
'functions at the plant. Return acti-
vated sludge flow is proportioned
in relation to raw flow and the
anaerobic digesters used to reduce
'sludge volume and stabilize it are
automatically charged on a mass
basis, under direct computer con-
'trol. The system also monitors
methane gas production and eval-
uates digester performance by
measuring the methane gas con-
tent in each digester.
Pump wear is distributed and
controlled and motor maintenance
is automatically scheduled, based
on how long the motors have been
running. Software also monitors
plant power consumption at each
major primary distribution center
and the plant is already set up for
the addition of electric demand
control in the future.
Because it is a dual computer
system, there is always one backup
computer available to run the
plant from the main computer
center. One operator at the main
control panel can control and
monitor data from three other
panels which also control the
primary and secondary treatment
systems and the digesters sepa-
rately. Cathode ray tube units in
all three centers allow operations
personnel to analyze current plant
data and take action as needed.
Even if the operators should need
to bypass the central computer,
or if there should be a complete
computer failure, they can still
control the process and facilities
from the three local control centers
through analog control panels.
Major operation status changes,
such as conversions to adjust treat-
ment from summer to normal
winter flow quantities, require
field intervention by the operators
to add or remove major process
elements from the flow stream.
Beyond these seasonal shifts, the
South Complex can be run from
the main plant control room
through the central computer
system.
DESIGN SUMMARY
Design Year
1985
Primary Expansion
Flow
Annual Average, mgd
42.5
Peak 2 -Week, mgd
53.5
Peak Hourly, mgd
118.6
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
Annual Average, mg/I
301
Annual Average, lbs/day
107,000
Suspended Solids
Annual Average, mg/I
378
Annual Average, lbs/day
134,000
Secondary Expansion
Flow
Annual Average, mgd
72.5
Peak 2 -Week, mgd
97
Peak Hourly, mgd
197
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
Annual Average, mg/I
160
Annual Average, lbs/day
97,000
Peak 2 -Week, lbs/day
131,000
Effluent Quality and Quantity
Biochemical Oxygen Demand, mg/I
20
Suspended Solids, mg/I
20
Dissolved Oxygen, mg/I
4
Chlorine Residual, mg/I
0.2
Bar screens, Automatically Cleaned
Number
3
Capacity, Each, mgd
40
Grit Chambers
Number of Units 2
Diameter, ft 40
Size, fir 47,000
Primary Clarifiers
Number of Units
Diameter, ft
Primary Effluent Pump Station
Number of Pumps
Capacity with Standby, total mgd
Aeration Basins
Number of Units
Detention at Average F low, hours
Cryogenic Oxygen Plants
Number of Units
Capacity, Each, tons O1/day
Sludge Recirculation Pump Station
Number of Pumps
Capacity, Each, mgd
Secondary Clarifiers
Number of Units
Diameter, ft
Anaerobic Digesters, gas -mixed
Number, Fixed Cover
Number, Floating Cover
Diameter, ft
4
150
6
197
2
55
10
140
The nutrients in stabilized sludge increased yields
in wheat.
Solids Reuse
The heart of an agricultural reuse program.
The organic nutrients in sludge
make it a natural for enriching soil
used to produce grass and forage
crops. That's the idea behind the
next stage of Metro's construction
and treatment program. An existing
disposal system already applies
sludge to land, but at a site which
is reaching its capacity. Vacuum
filtration and flash drying were
methods used to dewater solids in
the past, but they are now becom-
ing too energy intensive. Metro,
looking for a more economical
reuse system, again turned to
CH2M HILL.
Because the primary and waste -
activated sludges are stabilized in
anaerobic digesters, they make a
product which is safe for use as a
soil conditioner and fertilizer on
cropland. Liquid digested sludge
from the Central Wastewater Treat-
ment Plant will be pumped through
a 25 -mile pipeline to a special
drying and distribution center. At
the 2,000 -acre site, the sludge will
be dried on 600 acres of drying
beds and stockpiled for reuse.
Although dried sludge is often
more marketable, liquid sludge
will also be available.
Who will use the
sludge? Mining com-
panies, to return mined
areas to natural con-
ditions; city and
county agencies, to
landscape open spaces;
and farmers, to save
costs by using a local
product which already
contains organic
nutrients.
In the long run, this agricultural
reuse program will return organic
solids to natural sites, recycling a
valuable resource. Savings of en-
ergy and other resources from this
system will cut Metro's operating
costs by half and save $1 million
in natural gas energy, which would
be used if Metro had to return to
drying sludge by the flash drying
process used in the 1960s.
Sludge has been demonstrated to have a value for
agricultural reuse, as conlirmed by testing in both
wheat and corn lest plots.
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Dedication Ceremonies
Mr. Ron M. Linton, Executive Director of the Association of Metro-
politan Sewerage Agencies, Washington D.C., gave the dedication
address at the Central Treatment Plant.
The dedication on 22 May 1977 marked the successful completion
of the $37 million expansion project for the Central Treatment Plant
begun in 1974. Primary and secondary treatment facilities are.now able
to treat a wastewater flow rate of 170 million gallons per day. Anaerobic
digesters reduce the overall sludge volume which must be handled
and stabilize the sludge to produce a safe agricultural soil conditioner
and fertilizer.
A portion of the expansion project was funded by a $25 million
bond issue by the voters of the Metropolitan Denver Sewage Disposal
District No. 1, with additional matching funds from the State of
Colorado and the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
METRO STAFF
William E. Korbitz, P. E., District Manager
John L. Puntenney, Director of Operations
William J. Martin, Director of Resource
Recovery and Reuse
Joseph D. Woodley, Director of Admin-
istrative Services
William H. Page, P.E., Chief Engineer
Harry M. Harada, Jr., Director of Labora-
tory Services
DESIGN ENGINEERS
CH2M HILL, Inc.
REPRESENTATIVE CONTRACTORS,
MANUFACTURERS, AND SUPPLIERS
CPS Distributors, Inc.
pump supplier
DeZurik, a unit of General Signal
valve supplier
Metal Fabricators, Inc.
structural steel and miscellaneous metal
fabrication and erection
LFE Corporation, Fluids Control Division
pumps
Natkin and Co., Mechanical Contractors
all process piping; heating, ventilating,
air conditioning, and plumbing
PPG Industries, Inc., Coatings and Resins
Division
paints and coatings
Paper, Calmenson & Co.
detailing, fabricating, and supplying
reinforcing steel
Prince Valve, Inc.
check valve manufacturer
Rodney Hunt Company
sluice gate manufacturer
Soderberg Masonry, Inc.
masonry contractor
Thompson Pipe & Steel
steel piping
Union Carbide Corporation, Linde Division
UNOX system, cryogenic oxygen plants
U.S. Electrical Motors, Division of Emerson
Electrical Co.
motors and drives
Waterworks Sales Company
yard piping and valves
Worthington Pump, Inc.
pumps
I
1
o-
d -t
e.
I water
quality in the
Tualatin River Basin.
The Tualatin River drains most of
Washington County, Oregon, flowing
'through both rural and urban areas.
Once a clean and beautiful river, the
Tualatin had by the early 1960s become
'heavily polluted, overloaded with in-
adequately treated wastes being dis-
charged into its tributaries by more than
two dozen treatment plants. Today,
'thanks to a major regional water quality
improvement program, that pollution has
been nearly eliminated. In the face of
rapid growth and intense pressure for ur-
'banization, the people of Washington
County have successfully carried out a
program to clean up the Tualatin River,
'while at the same time allowing planned
growth to occur.
Unified Sewerage Agency
serves regional needs.
The task of cleaning up the Tualatin
River required that political and jurisdic-
tional boundaries be set aside in order to
provide a regional solution to a truly re-
'gional problem. In 1964, Washington
County officials began discussing alter-
native solutions to the growing waste
disposal problem. At that time, 25 small
'treatment plants, under the jurisdictions
of 16 separate sanitary districts, were
discharging partially treated wastes into
the already heavily polluted tributaries of
the Tualatin River. A Water and Sewer-
age Master Plan for the area recom-
mended consolidation of these districts
into a regional agency, and operation of
'three major treatment facilities on the
river itself to replace those located on its
tributaries. In 1970, Washington County
'residents, by a 2 to 1 vote, created the
Unified Sewerage Agency (USA) as the
agency responsible for implementing the
Sewerage Master Plan.
USA is a regional agency —its jurisdic
tion comprises approximately 95 square
miles, about 13 percent of Washington
'County, Oregon, and small portions of
the City of Portland, Multnomah County,
and Clackamas County that lie within the
Tualatin River Basin. USA serves 80 per-
cent of Washington County's population,
a population that is projected to more
than double in the next 20 years as hous-
ing and industry augment traditional ag-
ricultural uses.
To finance the 10 -year, $80 -million
construction program outlined by the
master plan, USA obtained federal and
state grants of up to 75 percent of project
costs. General obligation bonds were
used to fund the local share of the cost.
The Rock Creek Advanced Wastewater
Treatment Facility is the third of three
treatment facilities to be brought on line
under this program. The Durham Facility
began operation in 1976, and the Forest
Grove Facility, one of the older plants,
was updated and expanded. To connect
existing sewerage collection systems to
the new facilities, nearly 40 miles of in-
terceptor sewers have been built. Com-
pletion of the Rock Creek Facility signals
the end of the major construction phase.
V[,.
The facility
For the people of Washington County,
the completion of the Rock Creek Facil-
ity means relief from the severe pollution
problems that occurred in the Tualatin
River and its tributaries. During the
winter months, the plant will remove
over 90 percent of the wastes from the
water before discharging it to the river.
Beginning in May (or earlier if the river
drops below a pre -determined level)
until November, 95 to 99 percent of the
pollutants will be removed. The Tualatin
River can safely assimilate the remaining
amounts. The Rock Creek Facility has a
design capacity of 660 liters per second
(15 million gallons per day) and a peak
Raw sewage pump station skylights
( lxpwn prndur rirm rape skid
capacity of 1,980 liters per second (45
million gallons per day). As projected
population growth occurs, the plant can
be expanded to serve the future needs of
the region.
Design features reduce
operating costs
and conserve energy.
Many features have been incorporated
into the Rock Creek Facility to reduce
operating costs and conserve energy. For
example, as sludge (the solid part of
wastewater) is processed, it releases
methane gas. This methane is rechan-
neled and used as an energy source for
the heating system and to generate elec-
tricity for plant use. One -fifth of plant
energy requirements can be supplied by
this feature alone. Generous use of
skylights in many buildings has reduced
the need for artificial lighting. The facili-
ty's computer continuously monitors
equipment running time and helps to
schedule maintenance work and needed
repairs. Equipment and control panels
are in metric units in anticipation of the
national conversion to the metric system.
Pipes within the facility are color -coded
and labeled, enabling operators to tell at
a glance what substance each pipe
transports (such as digested sludge, com-
pressed air, or backwash). The labels can
easily be removed, eliminating the need
to reletter the pipes each time they are
painted. Low -maintenance ground cov-
ers have been used to landscape the
plant site.
USA is exploring new ways of turning
both effluent and sludge into important
resources. Treated effluent from the Rock
Creek Facility will be used by a local irri-
gation district and a local nursery during
the summer. This will allow the water to
stay in the Tualatin Basin at a time when
it is critically needed. To complete the
cycle, USA, in conjunction with Oregon
State University, is researching the appli-
cation of sludge to nearby agricultural
lands. Because it contains both organic
matter and nutrients, and as costs for
commercial fertilizers rise, the use of
sludge as a supplementary fertilizer or
soil conditioner is growing in potential.
In addition to making efficient use of re-
coverable resources, these programs will
allow USA to recoup a portion of its
operating costs.
Digesters
Administration building
Removable process flow label
3 •
-
7 ijTh, t
S.
-
1
1' •1 _
w r�
mot---• d
{
Management system
saves time
... saves money.
By late 1974, it was clear that use of a
traditional project delivery system to
construct the Rock Creek Facility would
not meet the needs of the rapidly grow-
ing service area. USA asked its consul-
tant, CH2M HILL, to identify an approach
that would save time. In its study report,
the consultant estimated that use of a
construction management system (CMS)
approach could complete the facility
nine months earlier than a traditional de-
livery system and save USA $1.5 million.
Based on the findings of that report, USA
proceeded to obtain Environmental Pro-
tection Agency funding using a CMS ap-
proach.
Continuous design -construct
phasing saves time.
The construction management system
requires a strong commitment from each
member of the project team: the owner,
regulatory agencies, designer, construc-
tion manager, and contractor must fully
communicate and effectively coordinate
their work to keep pace with the acceler-
ated schedule. By assigning full-time staff
to the CMS effort and by actively par-
ticipating in the project from the outset,
USA was able to exercise maximum con-
trol over the completion time, cost, and
quality of the project. Functioning as an
extension of USA staff, CH2M HILL con-
struction managers provided intensified
management services and helped obtain
initial and ongoing approval from state
and federal agencies. In turn, these agen-
cies cooperated by reducing review
times, cutting traditional delays even
further. Cost savings resulted from the
early start on construction and shorter
overall construction time. Costs were
further reduced because bidding the pro-
ject in many small packages attracted
more bidders, sharpened competition,
and reduced the traditional general con-
tractor's markup on subcontractor bids
and equipment. As a result, the project
was completed well within time and cost
objectives set by USA.
Coordinated project
team effort saves money.
The Rock Creek Facility is the first
EPA -funded wastewater treatment facility
to use a construction management sys-
tem approach. The project's success has
led EPA to encourage other states and
owners to use CMS as a means of stretch-
ing water pollution control funds. In-
novative leadership of the Unified
Sewerage Agency and outstanding
cooperation by state and federal agen-
cies has made the Rock Creek Facility a
project in which everyone can take
pride.
First successful use
on EPA -funded project.
•
TRADITIONAL SYSTEM
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PRELIM
IKARY FINAL DESION RE\9E1'J CONSTRUCTION PHASE I CONSTRUCTION PHASE II 1
REVIEVY BID & AW.1RJIS
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process
' Raw Sewage Design Criteria
uW
Average dry weather, I/sec
Average yearly, I/sec
Sustained peak (2 week averagel, I/sec
' Peak hourly, summer, I/sec
Peak hourly, winter, I/sec
BOD
Average day, mg/I
Average day, kg/day
Sustained peak, mg/I
Sustained peak, kg/day
Suspended solids
Average day, kg/day
Average day, mg/I
Sustained peak, kg/day
Sustained peak, mg/I
Final Secondary Effluent Design Criteria
Winter
BOD
Average day, mg/I 20
Average day, kg/day 1,365
' Suspended Solids
Average day, mg/I 20"
Average day, kg/day 1,365
Coliform 200/100ml
pH 6.0 to 9.0
' Final Tertiary Effluent Design Criteria
Summer
SOD
Average day, mg/I lot
Average day, kg/day 455
' Suspended Solids
Average day, mg/I I Ot
Average day, kg/day 455
Summary of Design Parameters for Unit Processes
Raw Sewage Pump Station
Number of pumps
' Total capacity, I/sec
Grit Basins
Number of square basins
Size, m
Primary Clarifiers
I
Diameter, m
Overflow rate, in'/m'/d
At average yearly day flow
At peak hourly winter flow
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Aeration Basins
The wastewater stream is pumped to
Detention time, hours
1.1
the headworks for preliminary treatment
530
660
Basin loading, kg BOD/m'
Basin loading, kgBOD/kgMLvss/d
2.83'
0.72'
by comminution, followed by the settle -
790
Secondary Clarifiers
ment of coarse solids in a grit chamber.
990
1,975
Dverflor,at
Overflow rate, m'/m'/d
33.6
The wastewater then undergoes
At average yearly day flow
10.7
sedimentation in the primary clarifiers
170
At peak hourly winter flow
32.0
and next receives secondary treatment
91
666 0
RA ofS Pump Station
Number
2
by a high purity oxygen activated sludge
11,330
Total capacity,)/sec
660
process and secondary clarification.
11 400
Chlorine Contact Chambers
Length to width ratio
38
When further treatment is required for
Q
200
Detention time (both units in operation)
phosphorous removal, the waste stream
14,208
208
At average yearly day flow, min.
At peak hourly winter flow, min.
60
20
flows to a flocculator and alum is added,
Rapid Mix Basins
followed by further sedimentation in
Detention time, average dry weather day, sec.
Velocity gradient, sec.
45
425
chemical clarifiers. Most remaining sus -
Flocculation Basins
pended solids are then removed from the
Detention time, averagedry weather day, min.
20
tertiary clarified effluent by mixed media
Velocity gmdiem,sec.
60
filtration before chlorination and dis-
Gravity Filters
Numbers of units
4
charge.
Media depth, cm
76
Loading rate, average dry weather day, m'/mid
182tt
Solids removed from the grit chamber
Gravity Thickeners
Number of units
2
are further processed to separate organic
Diameter, m
Loading, kg dry solids/m'/d
7.6
475
material from inorganic material. The or -
Hydraulic loading range, m•/m'/d
17-32
ganic material is returned to the plant
Backwash Surge Basins
and the inorganic material is landfilled.
Total capacity, m'
Detention time, hr
1,180
2
Primary sludge and waste activated
Anaerobic Digesters
sludge are gravity thickened and sent to
Number of primary digesters
Diameter, m
2
18.3
the anaerobic digesters for stabilization.
4
Detention time, average yearly day, days
19.5
The digested sludge is trucked to farm -
3,400
Organic loading, kg VSS/m'/day
Number of secondary digesters
2.1
2
land for use as a fertilizer and soil con -
2
Diameter, m
18.3
ditioner. In the winter when sludge can -
73
Detention time, average dry weather day, days
27
not be applied to farmland, the digested
30.5
At sustained peak flow and loading
sludge can be dewatered by a filter press
iBased on flow of 530 I/sec
'" Based on flow of 790 1/sec
and landfilled. Alum sludge can either be
19.6
58.3
ttWith one filter our for backwashing
sent to the digesters or dewatered by the
filter press and landfilled.
COLLECTION SYSTEM
Additional Unified Sewerage
Agency facilities.
Rock Creek Facility
3125 S.E. River Road
Hillsboro, Oregon 97213
(503) 640-2641 or
(503) 640-2646
Forest Grove Facility
Route 1, Box 17A
Forest Grove, Oregon 97116
(503) 357-3162
Durham Facility
16580 S.W. 85th
Tigard, Oregon 97223
(503) 620-3383 —Emergency
(503)640-1777
Unified Sewerage Agency
150 North First Avenue
Hillsboro, Oregon 97123
(503) 648-8621
Engineering services and construction
management services—CF2M HILL
✓~ [1
LuIs1i
Rock Creek Facility owned and operated by u
Unified Sewerage Agency, Washington County, Oregon
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Metropolitan Denver...`
historically the Mile -High
City, mecca for skiers, air
transportation hub of the
West. Now Denver is much
more —new mining methods
are available to develop rich
molybdenum, oil shale, coal,
and oil resources, promising
mining profits and alterna-
tive energy resources for the
turn of the century. The
metropolitan area's popula-
tion is projected to rise
dramatically in the next
decade, reaching 2.3 million
by the year 2000.
This influx of population
will require increased waste-
water treatment capabilities
to continue to protect the
water quality of the South
Platte River. The Metropoli-
tan Denver Sewage Disposal
District No. 1 (Metro) was
formed in 1961 of 13 com-
munities in and around the
metropolitan Denver area to
plan facilities which will
keep pace with the popula-
tion boom. The Central
Wastewater Treatment Plant
north of Denver is the most •
tangible evidence of Metro's
foresight and planning... 41.
x g