HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrdinance 4784 *AGENDA REQUEST FORM
-y7 gy
�,, d llal. ao2 �/
D.cslp✓►
FOR: COUNCIL MEETING OF OCTOBER 18, 2005 r)/ a
FROM:
KIT WILLIAMS, City Attorney
ORDINANCE OR RESOLUTION TITLE AND SUBJECT:
An Ordinance To Amend §161.24 Design Overlay District, Subsection (D) (2)
Signs
APPROVED FOR AGENDA:
9 ��� '?- 7- 0.5
Kit Williams Date
City Attorney
07. so -C-6
Je em P e Date
Cent arming
Gary Dumas Date
Director of Operations /
Dan Coody Date
Mayor
t :�
FAYETTEVIELE
THE CITY OF FAYEREVIIIE, ARKANSAS
KIT WILLIAMS, CITY ATTORNEY
DAVID WHITAKER, ASST. CITY ATTORNEY
DEPARTMENTAL CORRESPONDENCE LEGAL DEPARTMENT
TO: City Council
FROM: Kit Williams, City Attorney
DATE : September 7, 2005
RE : Signs in the I-540 Overlay District
The provisions regarding signs in the I-540 Design Overlay District
were primarily enacted to require only monument and indirectly lighted
signs within the District for aesthetic reasons. The other provisions in
§ 161 .24 (D)(2) are duplicative or even contradictory to the general sign
regulation of Chapter 174 Signs.
The proposed change would leave only those two special
requirements: monument rather than pole signs and indirect lighting in the
Design Overlay District regulations. All other sign regulations would be
uniform as prescribed in Chapter 174 Signs.
This change is necessary to ensure our sign regulations remain
constitutionally valid. Please see a copy of my July 15 , 2005 memo
(attached) explaining why the City should not try to regulate the content of a
sign.
ORDINANCE NO,
AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND § 161.24 DESIGN
OVERLAY DISTRICT, SUBSECTION (D)(2) SIGNS
WHEREAS, except for the prohibition of pole signs and internally illuminated
signs, the Design Overlay District sign regulations are more properly handled by Chapter
174 Signs of the Unified Development Code.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF
THE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS:
Section l : That the City Council of the City of Fayetteville, Arkansas hereby
amends §161.24 (D)(2) Signs by repealing that subsection in its entirety and enacting a
new subsection (D)(2) Signs as shown below:
"(D) (2) Signs.
"(a) The only permitted free standing signs shall be
monument signs. Only indirect lighting may be
used for illumination of all signs.
(b) All signs shall otherwise comply with Chapter 174
Signs and any variance shall be considered pursuant to
§ 156.06 of the Unified Development Code."
PASSED and APPROVED this 18�h day of October, 2005.
APPROVED:
By:
D COODY, Mayor
ATTEST:
By:
SONDRA SMITH, City Clerk
TNF CITY OF fAYETTEVIIIL ANKAN5115
KIT WILLIAMS, CITY ATTORNEY
DAVID WHITAKER, ASST. CITY ATTORNEY
DEPARTMENTAL CORRESPONDENCE LEG AL DEPARTMENT
TO: Dan Coody, Mayor
City Council
FROM: Kit Williams, City Attorney
DATE: July 15, 2005
RE : Restricting commercial sign content to name of business only
I am concerned that the current content limitation requirement for signs
in the overlay district to be for the name of the business only and not include
any "advertising" might be an infringement of First Amendment protections.
Commercial speech is not given as much protection as political or religious
speech which strongly prohibits governmental interference on the basis of the
content or viewpoint of the speaker.
"Laws that regulate speech based on its content . . . .
are subject to strict scrutiny. Such laws are
presumptively invalid `and survive constitutional
review only if they promote a `compelling interest'
and employ `the least restrictive means to further
the articulated interest. ' "
Time Warner Entertainment Co. v. F.C .C., 93 F3rd
957, 966 (D.C. Cir. 1996) (citations omitted).
(emphasis added)
Commercial speech is also protected by the First Amendment. More
than twenty years ago, our sign ordinance was appealed to the Arkansas
Supreme Court concerning the eventual elimination of offsite billboards.
`Billboards are non-communicative structures designed
to stand out and apart from their surroundings, but also
they are a medium of communication warranting
0 0
First Amendment protection. The government has a
legitimate interest in controlling the non-communicative
aspects of the medium but the First and Fourteenth
Amendments foreclose a similar interest in controlling
the communicative aspects." Donrey Communications
Company Inc. v. City of Fayetteville, 280 Ark. 408, 660
S .W. 2d 9009 902 ( 1983).
In 2001 , the Arkansas Supreme Court again considered a challenged
government regulation of commercial speech and enunciated the four part
analysis explained by the United States Supreme Court.
"In commercial speech cases, then, a four-part analysis
has developed. At the outset, we must determine
whether the expression is protected by the First
Amendment. For commercial speech to come within
that provision, it at least must concern lawful activity
and not be misleading. Next, we ask whether the
asserted governmental interest is substantial. If both
inquiries yield positive answers, we must determine
whether the regulation directly advances the governmental
interest asserted, and whether it is not more extensive
than is necessary to serve that interest." Culpepper v. Ark.
Board of Chiropractic, 343 Ark. 467, 36 S .W. 3`d 335, 339
(2001 ); quoting Central Hudson Gas & Electric v. Public
Service Commission, 447 U. S . 557, 566 ( 1980).
Applying that four part analysis, it may be constitutionally permissible to
require that a portion of the sign (60-75%?) must be devoted solely to the name
of the business. This could be justified not only for aesthetic traffic and
tourism considerations, but also to serve the primary purpose signs are allowed
in Fayetteville: to aid customers in locating a business. Allowing the
remaining portion of the sign to be used solely at the discretion of the owner for
information advertising the business at that location would hopefully comply
with the four part analysis especially that our commercial sign regulation "is
not more extensive than is necessary to serve that interest."
This more balanced approach could also be uniformly applied to avoid
another constitutional pitfall in First Amendment cases . . . allowing
government administrators or boards (such as City Councils) to exercise
unbridled discretion to grant variances (favors) to some applicants.
0 0
"Any such grant of unrestrained discretion to an
official responsible for regulating First Amendment
activities is facially unconstitutional . . . . Such criteria
should be expressly included within the County' s Sign
Ordinance, and should set forth specific content-neutral
grounds under which a sign permit may be denied.
Cafe Erotica of Florida. Inc. v. St. Johns County, 360
F.3d 1274 ( 11 `' Cir. 2004)(emphasis added).
When it comes to First Amendment protections, neither the
Planning Commission nor the City Council is allowed any greater
discretion than a city official (sign administrator) in denying or approving
sign permits. That discretion is what is specified within the sign variance
requirements in the UDC. That is why I believe placing all sign decisions with
the sign administrator to uniformly apply the requirements you have placed in
the ordinance is the best constitutional solution. Allowing appeals to the City
Council makes it difficult to eliminate the discretionary decisions based on
considerations beyond the ordinance that the United States Supreme Court has
determined to be unconstitutional. When it comes to signs, we are simply not
allowed to grant preferential treatment to one applicant over another.
A uniform, primarily noncontent based and nondiscretionary regulation of signs
is what the Courts have required of cities to comply with the First Amendment
Freedom of Speech provisions.
Fayetteville Code of Ordinances
161 .24 Design Overlay District (1-540 (1) Greenspace. A minimum of 25 feet of
Highway Corridor) landscaped greenspaoe exclusive of right-of-
way shall be provided along the highway
A) Purpose. The purpose of establishing a Design right-of-way and any public street to which
( P g the development has frontage. Parking lots
Overlay District for the 1-540 Highway Corridor is shall not encroach Into the greenspace and
as follows: shall be screened when abutting a required
1 To protect and enhance the distinctive greenspace area. Trees shall be planted at
( ) the Interval of one tree per 30 linear feet of
scenic quality of the 1-540 Highway Corridor greenspace area when practicable.
by providing for nonresidential developments
which will maximize preservation and (2) Signage.
enhancement of the natural, rural, and open
character of the terrain and foliage. (a) Nonresidential freestanding signs.
(2) To address the issues of traffic and safety. (i) Each separate nonresidential lot will
3 To address environmental concerns which m allowed a single ground-
(3)
( ) � mounted {monument) sign located
Include, but are not limited to, soil erosion, on the building site. In the case of
vegetation preservation, drainage and heat lots with double frontage, two
islands. ground-mounted (monument) signs
(4) To preserve and enhance the economic shall be allowed.
value and viability of property within and (11) The sign shall be a maximum of six
near the Overlay District for the 1-540 feet high, 75 square feet in area,
Highway Corridor. and setback a minimum of 10 feet
from the property line
+
(B) Overlay District boundaries. The Overlay District ; u
encompasses all lands lying within 660 feet of
each side of the right-of-way of 1-540 from the =' _
intersection of 1-540 and State Highway 471
- (allure 71B) north to the city limits of Fayetteville, -75 §gvaieFmt': `
(a/k/a the 71 Bypass and/or John Paul Marimum
Hammerschmidt Expressway), and also thatTi
a
portion known as State Highway 471S described
more fully as that portion of State Highway 471 -
which connects I-540 to State Highway 471 (alk/a
North College) and all future extensions of 1-540
within the City of Fayetteville. Said boundaries i
are set out on the official plat pages along with a
legal description of such boundaries located in
the Planning Division. " lv
LL-
'� 'r
atrh 'Yra
(C) Application or Overlay District: Regulations and µ e T
standards. The regulations and standards I
contained herein shall apply to all nonresidential
properties, (including, but not limited to new n " VDo This t Do not do llHs
development), located within the Overlay District f -
boundaries. Such regulations and standards
shall be in addition to and shall overlay all other ' , ,Ir * IINS I
ordinance regulations and standards, including, M p*_ une
but not limited to nonresidential zoning district i I" J �V j
and signage regulations and standards. Shouldy r,r r
the regulations and standards of the underlying ntURu m
and Overlay District conflict, the Overlay Districts,
regulations and standards shall control. ddG
(D) Nonresidential site design and development ' !fir
standards. - u.
Minimum Sian
Distance from �,�::
r IProoert%VU 5_:3
. . 4..:
TITLE XV UNIFIED DEVELOPMENT CODE
(b) Wall signs. One wall sign may be (6) Building material. Buildings shall be
installed per business. Sign area shall constructed of wood, masonry, or natural
not exceed 20% of that wall area or 200 looking materials. No structures shall be
square feet, whichever is less. A allowed that have metal side walls UNLESS
second sign may be allowed if it is such metal siding is similar In appearance to
determined that the structure has more wood, masonry, or natural looking material.
than one front facing a street or highway
right-of-way. (7) Site coverage. Twenty-five percent (25%) of
the site shall be left in open space. Eighty
(c) illumination. Only indirect lighting may percent (80%) of the open space shall be
be used for illumination of all signs. landscaped which may include ponds and
fountains.
(d) Multiple tenants. The owner of the
building shall be responsible for the (8) Optional fencing. All fencing shall be
provisions of one monument sign with constructed of wood, masonry, or natural
sign area for multiple tenants. looking materials. No optional fencing shall
be located within the greenspace required by
(e) Sign content. Content of monument and Section (D)(1 ). No metal fencing shall be
wall signs shall be limited to the name of allowed except in the following cases:
the business. Advertising shall not be
permitted on the structure, wall sign or (a) Wrought Iron fencing.
monument.
(b) If other types of metal fencing are
(3) Curb cuts. One curb shall be allowed per necessary, for security purposes, they
200 feet of frontage. No curb cuts shall be may be used if the area is first fenced
allowed within 250 feet of any intersection. off with a view obscuring natural or
natural looking fencing material. The
t �+ metal fencing shall be placed inside the
1r t x view obscuring fencing, and the view
i7 4
` - 1 , i p ' . obscuring fencing shall be at least the
t alb ! § height of the metal fencing.
— r
Ill" Yi11h I
� � 1 3
i Y_
rh;CUrb Cuts Must
at.Least 250
Intersection _ . !
♦ Seam? Fatra
F -P q r
VSlr°el
(4) Lighting. Parking lot lighting all be - .
designed and located in such a manner to
preserve the scenic appearance of the (9) Outdoor storage of material and equipment
corridor. Lighting shall be shielded and All outdoor storage of material and
directed downward to the parking lot and equipment shall be screened with natural
light spread shall not reflect into the adjacent vegetation.
neighborhood. Lighting shall not exceed 35
feet in height and shall utilize sodium lighting (10) Access.
fixtures.
(a) Pedestrian. Pedestrian access shall be
(5) Exterior appearance. All structures shall be provided from the street to the entrance
architecturally designed to have front of the structure by way of a designated
facades facing all street and highway right- trail or sidewalk.
of-way. An elevation drawing shall be
submitted for each side of the building that (b) Multi-modal. Multi-modal access may
faces a street or highway. be required on nonresidential sites
within the Design Overlay District. (For
example: The provision of bus stops,
bicycle racks, parking stalls for car
pools, and bicycle and pedestrian walks
and trails).
CD161 :17
FAYETTEVIT LE
THE CITY OF FAYETTEVIIIF, ARKANSAS
KIT WILLIAMS, CITY ATTORNEY
DAVID WHITAKER, ASST. CITY ATTORNEY
DEPARTMENTAL CORRESPONDENCE LEGAL DEPARTMENT
TO: Dan Coody, Mayor
City Council
FROM: Kit Williams, City Attorney
DATE: September 29, 2005
RE: Sign Code Shakedown
My recommendation to change the Design Overlay District (§ 161 .24
of the UDC) to remove any reference to "content" within the sign subsection
was supported by a paper presented at the recent International Municipal
Lawyers Association seminar I attended. I have attached the outline of this
presentation for your information.
The good news is that I believe Chapter 174 Signs complies with
current United States Supreme Court rulings on sign issues so we should not
be susceptible to "shakedown litigation" based upon Chapter 174 Signs.
The bad news is that the small section on signs in the Design Overlay
District regulations (§ 161 .24) escaped my revision of the Sign Ordinance
and subjects the City to potential liability. Thus, I still recommend
amending this section (§ 161 .24) as presented which would then place almost
all sign regulation within Chapter 174 Signs where it belongs.
t
Small Cities ' Workshop
Title : Sign Code Shakedown Litigation
Attack on Small Communities
Thomas T. Keating , Esquire
Law Director, City of Sharonville, Ohio
KEATING, RITCHIE & SWICK
A Legal Professional Association
8050 Hosbrook Road , Suite 200
Cincinnati , Ohio 45236
(513) 891 -1530
Email : tkeating@krslawyers.com
• Sign Code Shakedown Litigation
Attack on Small Communities
I . There is a real threat facing small communities near
major highways. '
A. Local communities sued by billboard companies and adult
entertainment companies.
B. The typical procedure utilized by billboard plaintiffs .
1 . Acquire billboard sites.
2 . Apply for billboard permits.
3. Scrutinize entire sign code.
4. Sue for constitutional section 1983 violation .
C . Expertise of Plaintiff's counsel.
D. Goal of Quick Hearing on Restraining Order Motion,
E. Offer by Plaintiff to settle.
II . Legal challenges by Plaintiffs.
A. Facial challenge and-As Applied challenge.
B. Don 't need standing to challenge constitutionality.
C . Unfettered discretion by city officials.
D. Flaws in Sign Code and reactions by local community.
1 . Normal problems with free speech signs.
2. Billboard regulations: Off premises commercial signs .
E. Equal Protection and Due Process.
1 . Lack of time deadline upon communityto issue
permit.
2 . Prohibition against small group for unfavorable
treatment.
• " III . Defensive responses by communities .
A. Attack standing of Plaintiffs.
1 . Legal status of Plaintiffs.
2 . Contract rights of Plaintiffs.
3. Technical portions of billboard construction .
4. No standing to attack per overbreadth . Granite State
Outdoor Advertising v. City of Clearwater (2003), 351 Fad
112 (causal connection ).
B. Severability of ordinance, whether stated or not.
C. Political sign code amendment as needed — Notice to
Court.
1 . " Political and election signs. "
2 . Non-commercial speech , " Protected First Amendment
Speech . "
D. Content Neutral — Onsite v. Offsite Distinction - Prime
Media, Inc. v. City of Brentwood, Tennessee 398 F.3d 814,
•
818 (6 th Cir. 2004),
E . Police power authorizes city to regulate distinctive
problems of billboards — Metromedia, Inc. v. City of San
Diego, 453 U .S. 490, 513-15, 101 S.Ct, 28829 69 L. Ed.2d 800
( 1981 ). City of Ladue v. Gilleo 512 US 439 114 S.Ct, 20389
129 L. Ed .2d 36 ( 1994).
IV. Other issues with billboard litigation .
A. Value of signs .
B. Attorney fee issues. Section 1988.
C. Conflicting Court decisions.
D. Use of Expert Witnesses
E . Dilemma of insurance companies providing Section 1983
• defense.